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Showing 1 to 20 of 133 for “"Flagella"”.
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Dynamics of Cilia and Flagella
Cilia and flagella are hair-like appendages of eukaryotic cells. They are actively bending structures that exhibit regular beat patterns and thereby play an important role in many different circumstances where motion on a cellular level is required. Most dramatic is the effect of nodal cilia whose …
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An Evaluation of Bacterial Flagella Staining Procedures
<p>Five currently used flagella stains and staining procedures have been studied and evaluated. A staining method that is simplest, most reliable, and highly reproducible, especially for beginning students and technicians has been assembled and recommended.</p><p>Four important variables necessary …
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Geometry and Hydrodynamics of Swimming with a Bundle of Bacterial Flagella
… of life starting from unicellular organisms. Flagellar propulsion is the most common form of locomotion amongst unicellular organisms. On the one hand, eukaryotic organisms have flexible flagella which they undulate in a remarkable variety of patterns - from the whip-like motion of a …
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Antigenic and functional differences between the polar and lateral flagella of Azospirillum brasilense
… solid media they also possess numerous lateral flagella of shorter wavelength (0.7 µm vs. 1.2 µm) and thinner diameter (13.5 nm vs. 18 nm). The antigenic and functional differences between these two types of flagella were studied for A. brasilense ATCC 29145 (type strain). An indirect …
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Production and application of antibodies produced against the flagella and hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
… antibodies were produced against the polar flagella of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The monoclonal antibody was employed in Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) protocol and was then coupled with Real-time PCR (q-PCR). IMS coupled to q-PCR was able to detect bacterial numbers in less than 3 hrs with …
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Illuminating the relationship between flagellar activity and bacterial swimming
… cells swim by rotating helical filaments called flagella. An individual cell can have anywhere from 1 to 10 flagella. In a process called chemotaxis, cells modulate the rotational direction of their flagella to modify their swimming behavior and move towards more favorable environments. The …
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Motility and Chemotaxis of Erwinia Amylovora
… of Erwinia amylovora by affecting either flagella synthesis of motility itself. Flagella synthesis is temperature dependent with an optimum at 18-23(DEGREES)C. However, bacterial cells grown at these temperatures are actively motile even at 35(DEGREES)C. The optimum pH for flagella …
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The Protein Composition of the Chlamydomonas Flagellar Membrane Is Dynamically Regulated by Cilium-Generated Signaling During Fertilization
… the membrane protein composition of cilia and flagella at steady state and during cilium-generated signaling are poorly understood. Our laboratory uses the biflagellated green alga Chlamydomonas as a model system to study regulated movement of the flagellar adhesion receptor SAG1 from the cell …
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Shear force impacts type IV pilus and flagellar dynamics during Pseudomonas aeruginosa surface adhesion
… how host-relevant shear force impacts flagellar rotation during P. aeruginosa initial surface interactions. Experiments using strains having fluorescently-labeled flagella reveal that flow bends upstream-facing flagella and blocks rotation. Additionally, cells with upstream flagella …
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Bacterial adhesion in structured environments
… overcome geometric constraints with the aid of flagella, which are able to reach between narrow crevices, thus improving adhesion and expanding the range of surfaces to which cells can adhere. We examine binding of purified flagella to abiotic surfaces by means of quartz crystal microbalance …
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Dynamics of semi-flexible fibres in viscous flow
… of flexibility on the swimming speed of helical flagella are investigated. High aspect ratio particles such as carbon and glass fibres are often added as fillers to processed polymers. Although these materials have high rigidity, the large aspect ratiomakes the fibres liable to bending during …
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Development of defined media for motility and for growth of Spirillum volutans, with special reference to biological monitoring of pollutants and to obligate microaerophilism of bacteria
… In the pollution monitoring project, flagellar uncoordination in S. volutans was studied as a bioindicator of toxicity. Uncoordination is produced by a variety of agents. Cells displaying normal motility show frequent reversal of direction, accompanied by reversal of orientation of …
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Regulating Campylobacter jejuni flagellar gene expression: transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms of control
… in the developed world. C. jejuni flagella are crucial virulence determinants, but the regulation of these complex organelles within different environments is not fully understood. Moreover, regulatory RNAs are important for virulence and flagellar gene expression in many …
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Regulation of flagellin glycosylation genes in Campylobacter jejuni: influence of NssR, the nitrosative stress response regulator.
… poultry. Motility, mediated by single polar flagella, is necessary for Campylobacter virulence. The flagellin proteins are extensively glycosylated in C. jejuni with pseudaminic acid and related derivatives; glycosylation is required for flagella filament formation. The flagellin …
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Ozone Inactivation and Attachment of Listeria Monocytogenes to Abiotic Surfaces
… growth at 37°C. Both the wild-types and flagella minus mutants showed similar cells counts when attached over time on polystyrene microtiter plates and on stainless steel when gown at 24 and 37°C under static and shaking conditions. This suggests that flagella production in L. …
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Determinants Influencing Polar Flagellar Biosynthesis and Cell Division in Campylobacter jejuni
… for food-borne infections to human populations. Flagellar motility by C. jejuni is required to colonize both human and animal hosts. For motility, C. jejuni produces amphitrichous flagella, resulting in the formation of a single flagellum at both poles. This work explored factors that regulate …
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Stokes flows near boundaries: bacteria, corners, and pumps
… at the edge of a colony which extend their flagella outwards, moving fluid over a substrate. The model provides insight on the flagella orientations and their spatial distributions. Secondly, inspired by experiments which proposed to use confined bacteria in order to generate flows near …
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Investigation of the Roles of CheD in the Bacillus Subtilis Chemotactic Signal Transduction
… chemotaxis signal transduction system allows flagellated bacteria to sense their surrounding chemical environment and move towards more favorable conditions. The attractant signals can be sensed by transmembrane chemoreceptors, and then transmitted to the histidine kinase CheA. Once activated, …
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Identification of the Polar Flagellum Genes in Azospirillum brasilense
… grasses. This organism has a mixed pattern of flagellation: a single polar flagellum for motility in liquid medium and lateral flagella which might be involved in motility across the root surface and or attachment to the root hairs of plants. Flagella dictate <em>A. brasilense</em> chemotactic …
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Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Motility Mutant in SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
… (30%), also. The proportion of time that the flagella rotated in the clockwise direction was 5% for BT40 and 28% for ST23. Motile BT40 cells had only 1-3 flagella per cell, and the length of the flagellar filaments was only 40% of the normal. The mutant phenotype was designated as …
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