Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Eyeblink"”.
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Higher Order Conditioning of the Eyeblink Reflex
Classical conditioning of the eyeblink response is a well-established model of cerebellar-dependent associative motor learning. In this paradigm an initially neutral conditioned stimulus (CS - e.g. an auditory tone or light) that elicits no response is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus …
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The impact of alcohol and social context on the startle eyeblink reflex
… impact of alcohol and social context on startle eyeblink reflex among 40 social drinkers. Results indicated that there was a significant effect of group presence, indicating that startle magnitude was larger when people were alone than with others. There was a significant group presence by …
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Examination of the Relationship between Startle Eyeblink Modulation and Perceived Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
… in a sample of individuals with MS. Startle Eyeblink Modulation (SEM), a measure that has been reliably shown to reflect the functioning of the SMN, indexes both the efficiency and timing of sensorimotor processing within the network. SEM involves the examination of the size and the speed of …
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The effects of concurrent timed-interval finger tapping on trace eyeblink conditioning in college students
… the involvement of cerebellar cortex in trace eyeblink conditioning by utilizing the traditional dual-task design. Timed-interval finger tapping, a motor function mediated by the cerebellar cortex, and several different cognitive tasks representing dissociable distributed brain memory systems …
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An Associative Memory Trace in the Cerebellar Cortex
… conditioning of motor responses, e.g., the eyeblink response, depends on the cerebellum. In the theoretical works of David Marr (1969) and James Albus (1971), it was proposed that Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex learn to associate the neutral conditioned stimulus with the response. …
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Examination of neocortical plasticity during forebrain-dependent trace-associative learning tasks
… different time points of learning is trace-eyeblink conditioning. During eyeblink conditioning, subjects are presented with a neutral, conditioned stimulus (CS) (i.e., tone or whisker deflection) paired with a salient, unconditioned stimulus (US) (i.e., mild periorbital eyeshock) to elicit …
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Comparison of the Effects of Introversion, Extraversion and Anxiety on Conditioning.
… varied independently in a 2 x 2 x 2 study of eyeblink conditioning and extinction. The Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale were given to 167 college students of both sexes to measure individual differences in extraversion and anxiety, respectively. Students who …
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An investigation of the integrity of two components of the cerebellar neurocircuitry involved in classical eyeblink conditioning in children prenatally exposed to alcohol: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Impairment in classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC) has previously been reported in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) (Jacobson et al., 2008). The deep cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar cortex are critical elements of the cerebellar-brainstem circuitry that mediates EBC (Green et …
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Individual differences of the startle response: implications of attention and arousal
This study investigated the electromyogram eyeblink startle response in relationship to individual differences in dimensions of attention and arousability as assessed by the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (Broadbent, Cooper, Fitzgerald & Parkes, 1982) and the Arousal Predisposition Scale (Coren, …
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A Purkinje cell Timing Mechanism. On the Physical Basis of a Temporal Duration Memory.
… Timing-dependent learning can be studied in eyeblink conditioning. If a neutral conditional stimulus is paired with an unconditional blink-eliciting stimulus, at an ISI of fixed duration, it acquires the ability to elicit a blink that peaks near the end of the ISI. Cerebellar Purkinje cells …
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The role of the kappa opioid receptor system in forebrain dependent associative learning
… the associative learning paradigm whisker trace eyeblink (WTEB) conditioning. With WTEB conditioning animals are trained to associate a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS - whisker stimulation), following a stimulus free trace interval with a salient unconditioned stimulus (US – periorbital shock). …
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Role of Emotion and Attention in Variations in Sexual Desire
… by sexual stimuli, and they completed startle eyeblink modulation, retrahens auriculum modulation, stimulus ratings, and electroencephalography power band measures indexing the valence of emotional response to affective stimuli. Participants with high levels of sexual desire were slower to …
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ANXIETY AND INITIAL VALUE DEPENDENCY IN STARTLE HABITUATION
… relate to habituation kinetics of the startle eyeblink response—initial value, linear slope, and the relationship between them (initial value dependency, or IVD). In study 1, participants (n=31; 15 control, 16 CA) were exposed to two blocks of acoustic startle stimuli, and CA participants were …
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AN EXAMINATION OF CHANGES IN THE SOUND ENVIRONMENT AS MODULATORS OF THE HUMAN ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE IN CONTROL AND TINNITUS SAMPLES
… using silent gaps as prepulse inhibitors of the eyeblink component of the human acoustic startle response, with the expectation that the perceived sound associated with tinnitus would partially fill the gap and lesson the expected inhibition. Study 1 examined what inhibitory patterns could be …
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Neuroimaging study of prenatal alcohol exposure effects on structural and functional connectivity in children
… PFAS (FAS/PFAS). Mediation of effects of PAE on eyeblink conditioning (EBC) provided statistical evidence that poorer microstructural integrity in these regions may play an important role in the EBC deficit observed in children with FASD. The FAS/PFAS children also revealed lower FA and/or higher …
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Eyelid conditioning in mice reveals an interaction between stress and familial Alzheimer's disease
Detailed behavioral analysis can provide valuable information on the underlying neural machinery supporting learning. An associative learning model called eyelid conditioning is often used to study mechanisms and modulatory processes governing cerebellar motor learning. Here, I implemented this …
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Molekulargenetische Aspekte dopaminerger Modulation der Responsivität gegenüber Neuheit
Befunde zu Einflüssen genetischer Variation auf Temperamentsunterschiede und die Entwicklung psychiatrischer Störungen haben in den letzten Jahren bedeutende Beiträge zum eingehenderen Verständnis neurobiologischer Grundlagen von Verhaltensunterschieden geleistet. Eine der am eingehendsten …
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Feedback control of cerebellar learning
The ability to anticipate future events and to modify erroneous anticipatory actions is crucial for the survival of any organism. Both theoretical and empirical lines of evidence implicate the cerebellum in this ability. It is often suggested that the cerebellum acquires “expectations” or “internal …
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Dopamin und kognitive Handlungssteuerung: Flexibilität und Stabilität in einem Set-Shifting Paradigma
Eine phasische Ausschüttung des Neurotransmitters Dopamin wird u.a. mit positivem Affekt, der Reaktivität auf Neuheit und kognitiver Handlungssteuerung in Verbindung gebracht. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurde der dopaminerge Einfluss auf die Flexibilität und Stabilität der Handlungssteuerung …