Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 30 for “"Epigenetic Silencing"”.
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Does Epigenetic Silencing Affect Skeletal Muscle Angiogenesis?
… blood flow to the working skeletal muscles. Epigenetic modifications support changes in gene expression to allow for skeletal muscle adaptations. How histone silencing marks regulate skeletal muscle adaptations through angiogenesis in response to training is yet to be explored in depth. My …
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Epigenetic silencing of gene expression in paediatric astrocytoma
… by genetic abnormalities, but also caused by epigenetic changes. DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism that controls the regulation of gene expression. Interestingly, unlike DNA mutations, epigenetic abnormalities are reversible. The reversibility of epigenetic abnormalities upon …
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Epigenetic silencing of BRCA1 and maspin in sporadic breast cancer
… inactivation of these genes was due to aberrant epigenetic silencing at the level of gene transcription. In this study we show that aberrant cytosine methylation of the BRCA1 and maspin CpG island promoters is a common event in the inactivation of these genes in sporadic breast cancer cell lines. …
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Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Novel Epigenetic Silencing Factors Dhp1, Lsd1, and Lsd2
Epigenetic mechanisms regulate when, where, and how an organism uses the genetic information stored in its genome. They are essential to many cellular processes, such as the regulation of gene expression, genome organization, and cell-fate determination. In following chapters, we use molecular and …
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DNMT3a Epigenetic Program Regulates the HIF-2alpha Oxygen Sensing Machinery
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by DNA methylation plays a central role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Here we present evidence implicating the DNA methylation program in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) oxygen-sensing machinery. We show that DNA …
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Creating a versatile toolkit for transgene expression using BACS and for dissecting large-scale chromatin organization
… transgene expressions, which, as well as other epigenetic silencing mechanisms, have been obstacles to achieving predictable and stable transgene expression. Molecular dissections of the determinants regulating large-scale chromatin organization would help to elucidate the real relationship …
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The genomic basis of species barriers in Heliconius butterflies
… species barrier. Finally, investigate whether epigenetic silencing mechanisms could underlie post-zygotic isolation between H. cydno and H. melpomene by quantifying transposable element expression and small RNAs. Overall, I identify loci that merit further investigation for their potential in …
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Mechanisms of piRNA biogenesis and co-transcriptional silencing of transposable elements in Drosophila
… recognise active transposons and instruct their silencing. Ultimately, piRNAs trigger epigenetic silencing of transposon loci. The work in this thesis investigates the molecular mechanisms by which piRNAs are produced from the correct substrates and how piRNAs can induce silencing of target loci …
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The RASSF1A Tumor Suppressor Regulates a Cascade of Oncogenic Signals That Are Restrained by G1 Checkpoint Mechanisms
… inactivated genes in cancer. To understand why epigenetic silencing of RASSF1A promotes tumorigenesis, I employed a loss of function approach to elucidate the role of RASSF1A in cancer. RASSF1A is reported to regulate apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and microtubule dynamics. Disruption of …
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Reproducibility and reliability of chromatin immunoprecipitation in clinical research
… functions such as gene transcription and epigenetic silencing. Changes to chromatin structure influence gene expression via histone modifications. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is an experimental technique used to investigate the interactions between histones and DNA. ChIP …
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Primate-specific KRAB zinc finger proteins and their targets rewire regulatory networks related to inflammation and pancreas development
… KRAB Zinc Finger proteins (KZFPs), leads to the epigenetic silencing of their bound loci and have been recently shown to mainly target repetitive regions of the genome, mostly TEs. Interestingly most TEs targeted by KZFPs have lost their ability to transpose and pose no threat to the host’s …
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Defining and Targeting Epigenetic Rewiring During Tumor Progression
… cause of death among breast cancer patients. Epigenetic mechanisms are critical for regulation of gene expression and to facilitate appropriate responses to environmental cues. However, it is increasingly appreciated that epigenetic dysregulation directly promotes therapeutic resistance and …
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Molecular mechanism of KAP1-dependent transcriptional silencing
… (KRAB-ZFPs), KAP1 induces the assembly of an epigenetic silencing complex, with chromatin remodeling activities that repress transcription of the targeted retrotransposon and adjacent genes. To understand the molecular basis of KAP1-dependent transcriptional regulation I determined the crystal …
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Mechanisms underlying cell-to-cell diversity in clonal populations of yeast
… of yeast cells is mediated in part by epigenetic silencing of the FLO10 and FLO11 promoters. Silencing of the FLO promoters is heterogeneous, or variegated, within a clonal population of cells. The variegated transcription of FLO10 and FLO11 results in a population of yeast cells that …
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Characterizing the Role of CDK2AP1 in Primary Human Fibroblasts and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
… were used, Cdk2ap1 was shown to be required for epigenetic silencing of Oct4 during differentiation. The goal of this thesis was to examine the role of CDK2AP1 in somatic cells (primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs)) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and specifically assess its impact on …
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Mismatch Repair Deficient Cancer Diagnostic Aspects in Colorectal Cancer and the Role of Urological Cancer in Lynch Syndrome
… can either have somatic/sporadic causes (i.e. epigenetic silencing or somatic inactivation) or hereditary causes (Lynch syndrome due to a germline mutation in one of the MMR genes ¬- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). The identification of MMR defective colon cancer is clinically relevant for diagnostic, …
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Genetic and Epigenetic Characterisation of Breast Tumours
… tumours harbour a large amount of genetic and epigenetic alterations, which are associated with e.g. tumour aggressiveness, prognosis, and response to therapy. The heterogeneity of breast tumours is reflected in the identification of at least five molecular subtypes named basal-like, luminal A, …
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Combination Chemotherapy and In vivo Modeling of BRCA-deficient, High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
… by either germ line or somatic mutation, or epigenetic silencing. The importance of BRCA-deficiency is highlighted in its association with increased platinum sensitivity. Novel therapeutics such as PARP inhibitors have also been developed by exploiting the synthetic lethal phenotype of BRCA …
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Somatic Mutation in Cancer and Healthy Human Tissue
… that associates translocations with long-ranging epigenetic silencing is discovered in pan-cancer data. After somatic translocations involving the naturally inactivated X-chromosome in women, the RNA expression pattern of the partner chromosome indicated the spread of X-inactivation onto the …
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Molecular systems analysis of a cis-encoded epigenetic switch
… the effect of trans regulators on both the slow epigenetic transitions between a silenced and competent promoter state and the fast promoter transitions associated with conventional regulation of FLO11, we found different classes of regulators affect epigenetic, conventional, or both forms of …
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