Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 18 of 18 for “"Effect heterogeneity"”.
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Innovative Methods for Treatment Effect Heterogeneity & Calibration
Treatment effect heterogeneity, which pertains to the identification of subgroups that have varyingresponses to the same treatment, is an increasingly important topic for personalized medicine and for validating the robustness of a novel treatment. Virtual Twins is an interpretable and flexible …
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Causal inference for complex data: randomization inference for treatment effect heterogeneity, network outcomes, and subgroup specific effects
… method extends inference for the ``attributable effect'', the total of the difference of outcomes if the treatment group had instead been assigned to the control condition, to count and continuous data using a fast approximation algorithm. Alternative approaches are limited to binary data, …
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Essays in public health and early education
… impact of promotions on heart disease, and the effects of light trucks on traffic fatalities. The first chapter examines the long-term effects of preschool interventions. Several influential experiments - Abecedarian, Perry, and Early Training - have convinced many economists that preschool …
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Essays on the economics of education
… The chapter investigates the causal effect of converting to an academy on assessment outcomes, and on entry-year intake composition. Unlike existing evidence focused on academies formed from failing secondary schools, no evidence is found of a converter academy effect on attainment …
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Next-Generation Mendelian Randomization: Advanced and Reliable Methods for Complex Causal Inference
… as instrumental variables to study the causal effects of exposures on outcomes. Conventional MR is primarily implemented to test or estimate effects in relatively simple forms. However, to gain deeper insights into causal mechanisms, improve decision-making, and enhance the interpretation of …
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Unemployment and active labor market policy : new evidence on start-up subsidies, marginal employment and programs for youth unemployed
… policy makers to have reliable evidence on the effectiveness of such programs available. Although the number of studies has been increased during the last decades, policy makers still lack evidence on innovative programs and for specific subgroups of the labor market. Using Germany as a case …
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Three essays on the adoption and impacts of improved maize varieties in Ethiopia
… estimates poverty impacts. Field-level treatment effects on yield and cost changes with adoption are estimated using instrumental variable techniques, with treatment effect heterogeneity fully accounted for in marginal treatment effect estimation. A backward derivation procedure is then developed …
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Modifications of Q-learning to Optimize Dynamic Treatment Regimes
… with time-specific heterogeneous causal effects. To address this problem, we propose a modified algorithm of Q-learning with a generalized estimating equation to estimate each Q-function. The second challenge is model misspecification. Model misspecification is a common problem in …
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Community college dual credit: differential participation and differential impacts on college access and completion
… 1984), is used to estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) for the whole sample. Inspired by Rawls’ (1999) notion of justice as fairness, the differential impacts of dual credit participation are examined on sub-samples of students of color and low-income students. To do this, …
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Essays on Labor Market Institutions
… chapter (joint with Sean Wang), we study the effect of private-sector unionization on establishment employment and survival. Specifically, we analyze National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) union elections from 1981 to 2005 using administrative Census data on the universe of establishments in …
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Investing in Clinical Trials for Older Adults: The Value and Challenges of Older Adult-Specific Clinical Trials
Conducting clinical trials for older adults can address the long-standing issue of the underrepresentation of older adults and the lack of clinical evidence for them. Examining the challenges and the value of such trials could facilitate discussion among trial sponsors on the investment in and the …
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Business start-ups and the effect of coaching programs
… first empirical study for Germany analyzing the effects of coaching programs on its participants. In the theoretical part of the dissertation the process of a business start-up is described and it is discussed how and in which stage of the company’s evolvement coaching can influence …
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Three Essays on the Analysis of Firms' Behaviors Under Staggered Treatment Adoption
… and a credit bureau to identify the causal effects of small loans on the financial health of a group of small U.S. business owners. To achieve this, we exploit temporal variations in the loan disbursements and use an estimation strategy that controls for potential biases due to treatment …
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Three essays on the economics of energy efficiency and conservation
… Specifically, I focus on estimating treatment effect heterogeneity in event studies with staggered adoption: panel data settings where observational units experience treatment at different points in time. I propose using highly flexible machine learning algorithms to predict counterfactuals …
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Causal Inference with Survival Outcomes via Orthogonal Statistical Learning
… and estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE). However, there were some gaps regarding survival outcomes. First, overlap-weighted effect estimators based on machine learning nuisance models were not available for such outcomes. Thus, researchers wishing to mitigate bias and …
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Empirical essays on job search behavior, active labor market policies, and propensity score balancing methods
… We also find small but significant positive effects of an increase of the network size on the reservation wage. These results have important implications on the analysis of the job search monitoring or counseling measures that are usually targeted at formal search only. Chapter 2 of the …
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School choice, school quality, and human capital : three essays
… on the inputs and practices driving variation in effectiveness across educational programs; and second, an interest in the relationships between students' preferences, characteristics, and returns to human capital investment. In the first chapter, I develop and estimate a structural model of …
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Analysis based on incomplete data
Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-12-01