Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"Double-stranded breaks"”.
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Identification and Investigation of Novel DNA Damage Repair Genes Via Network Analysis
… faithfully and without genotoxic effect, double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are exceptional. The deleterious potential of a misrepaired DSB represents a severe threat to cellular integrity. Repair machinery defects are frequently observed in tumorigenic and oncogenic cells. General DNA damage …
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Site-Specific Genome Engineering in Mouse Primary Fibroblasts
… two key discoveries. The first is that a cell’s double strand break machinery can be highjacked to affect a desired change in the genome. Double stranded breaks are typically repaired by a pathway called non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) which can allow for disruption of an endogenous locus, or …
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Site-Specific Genome Engineering in Mouse Primary Fibroblasts
… two key discoveries. The first is that a cell’s double strand break machinery can be highjacked to affect a desired change in the genome. Double stranded breaks are typically repaired by a pathway called non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) which can allow for disruption of an endogenous locus, or …
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Novel Single Cell Methods to Identify the Genetic Composition at a Single Nuclear Structure
… ligation of oligo probes to subnuclear sites of double stranded breaks induced by 2-photon irradiation. It is demonstrated that these techniques afford the ability to identify loci occupying a shared site at a single nuclear substructure, and are thus uniquely suited for identifying specific sets …
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The role of TvTrxR in drug resistance and characterization of TvRad51 in homologous recombination in Trichomonas vaginalis
… recombination (HR), a process used to repair double-stranded breaks in DNA. The protein radiation sensitive protein 51 (Rad51) plays a crucial role in the process of HR in mitotic and meiotic recombination. In this study, experiments were carried out to elucidate the role of T. vaginalis Rad51 …
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The interaction of CtIP with DNA damage response proteins
… proteins are involved in detecting and repairing double stranded or single stranded lesions. Moreover CtIP has a major influence on phosphorylation events induced during repair processes and thus could be an inducer of kinase activity. The deletion of CtlP causes impairment of phosphorylation of …
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Prevention of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy by CRISPR/Cas Therapeutic Genome Editing
… editing because it provides site-specific DNA double-stranded breaks with simplicity and precision. In this study, I demonstrate the feasibility of using CRISPR/Cpf1 to correct a DMD exon 48-50 out-of-frame deletion mutation in cardiomyocytes derived from patient induced pluripotent stem cells …
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Telomere Length Studies in Human Cancer Cells
… linear chromosome ends from being recognized as double stranded breaks in need of repair. The telomeres of most normal diploid cells shorten with every cell division until they reach a critically short length, at which time the cells undergo senescence or apoptosis. Cancer cells which have the …
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Prediction and Investigation of Novel Proteins in DNA Double Stranded Break Repair
DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs) are the most genotoxic forms of DNA lesions, causing fragmentation of the DNA strands. Mis-repaired and unrepaired DSBs lead to chromosomal rearrangement and genomic instability promoting tumorigenesis. DSBs are primarily repaired by two independent and highly …
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5-hydroxymethylcytosine and endonuclease G as regulators of homologous recombination
… bond to stabilize Holliday junctions, the four-stranded DNA intermediate in HR. 5hmC also induces a global structure change to the junction, increasing protein access to the junction crossover and providing potential for either direct or indirect readout of 5hmC. Further connecting EndoG with …
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Developing as assay to screen inhibitors for various ATP-dependent ligases
… the formation of phosphodiester bonds at single-stranded or double-stranded breaks between adjacent 5’-PO4 and 3’-OH groups of DNA. These enzymes are essential guardians of genomic integrity and have recently been drawing a lot of attention as novel therapeutic targets in anti-bacterial and …
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Regulation of Rad51D In Homologous Recombination Dna Repair by Alternative Splicing and Ubiquitin Modification
… is responsible for error-free repair of DNA double-stranded breaks and interstrand crosslinks. Understanding the processes that regulate HR will provide new insights into carcinogenesis and potentially identify new targets for therapeutic intervention. The work presented in this dissertation …
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Homology-Directed Repair of Dna Lesions Generated by the Mismatch Repair Dependent Processing of Cytotoxic Guanine Adducts
… substrates for HR. In HR-deficient cells, lethal double-stranded breaks accumulate as a result of the inability to process the damage. </p> <p> The requirement of HR to process damage induced by methylating agents and thiopurines implies that inhibition of HR would increase the efficacy of these …
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Simultaneous Delivery of CRISPR/Cas Complexes and Donor DNA Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Adaptors
… Cas proteins form complexes with RNA to cause double-stranded breaks (DSBs) in the invader’s sequence. Researchers are trying to use CRISPR complexes to treat many human diseases caused by these mutations. Research using CRISPR/Cas systems in the treatments of many of the genetic diseases has …
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The role of the BARD1 BRCT domains in the DNA damage response
… types of damage a cell can incur are DNA Double stranded breaks (DSBs) as failure to repair these types of lesions can lead to mutations, cell death and cancer. In order to maintain genome integrity, cells have several different mechanisms to repair various types of DNA damage. BRCA1 is a …
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Exploring Non-transgenic CRISPR-Cas9 gRNA Delivery Using Transactivation in Nicotiana benthamiana
… matches a distinct DNA target sequence, causing double-stranded breaks in the DNA site. The break induces imperfect DNA repair resulting in insertions or deletions that render the target gene non-functional. It is also possible to mutate the Cas9 protein so that it loses its cutting function, but …
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Telomere Structure and Shortening in Telomerase-Deficient Trypanosoma brucei: Implications for Anitgenic Variation
… machinery that would otherwise recognize them as double-stranded breaks. With the help of the ribonucleoprotein telomerase they compensate for the gradual sequence loss that would otherwise arise from the inability of conventional DNA polymerases to replicate chromosome ends. In Trypanosoma …
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Vβ Recombination Signal Sequences Mediate Monoallelic And Monogenic Tcrβ Gene Assembly: Implications For The Tcrβ Repertoire And Allelic Exclusion In Health And Disease
… of V(D)J recombination signaled by RAG DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs), and the resulting protein sending feedback signals to permanently inhibit V-to-(D)J recombination of the non-functional allele. Any definitive mechanisms that promote asynchronous AgR gene assembly in developing …
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Quinolone mechanism of action: sensitivity, mutagenesis and tolerance
Antibiotics are a foundation of modern medicine, helping to save millions of lives since their discovery in 1928. But the improper and excessive use of these drugs over the last few decades has led to an alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance; coupled with the recent decrease in antibiotic …
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Understanding Host Tolerance to Transposable Elements
… shows evidence suggesting variation in the double-stranded break (DSB) repair efficiency. Tolerant genotypes show increased expression of components of the Tat interactive protein 60-kDa (TIP60) complex involved in DSB repair and also exhibited increased chorion gene expression- an indicator …
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