Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 111 for “"Double strand break"”.
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Double-Strand Break Repair Mechanisms in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
… most detrimental form of DNA damage is the DNA double-strand break (DSB), which is managed by cells through complex mechanisms, designated the DNA damage response. There are two major types of DSB repair; homologous recombination repair (HRR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), both of which …
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The Role of 53BP1 in DNA Double-Strand Break Repair
<p>DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are dangerous insults to DNA integrity and can lead to genome instability if left unrepaired. However, the immune cell diversification reactions V(D)J recombination and Class Switch Recombination (CSR) require the formation of DSB intermediates, a process that is …
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53BP1 and double-strand break repair pathway choice in cancer
The cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) is principally the result of two competing repair pathways. The Tumour Protein P53 Binding Protein 1 (TP53BP1) gene product plays a central role in DSB repair pathway choice, promoting non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and counteracting …
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DNA double-strand break repair studied by atomic force microscopy
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), where both strands of the DNA duplex are simultaneously fractured, are considered the most lethal type of DNA damage. The conserved Mre11-Rad50 DNA repair complex enables the catalytic activities of the Mre11 nuclease and the Rad50 ATPase to function together to …
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Double-Strand Break Repair Pathways In Dna Structure-Induced Genetic Instability
… lead to genetic instability in the form of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) (1, 2). Our laboratory found that the stability of these non-B DNA structures was different in mammals versus Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria (1, 2). One explanation for the difference between these species may be a …
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Studies of site-specific DNA double strand break repair in plants
… <p>Multiple pathways are used to repair Double Strand Breaks (DSBs), including Nonhomologous End Joining (NHEJ) and Homologous Recombination (HR) which can take Single Strand Annealing (SSA) or Gene Conversion (GC) pathway. DSB repair in plants has been extensively studied using …
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The role of linker histone variant in double strand break repair
… shown that linker histone variants inhibit the double strand break (DSB) repair pathway known as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). NHEJ, in vivo, requires the KU complex, the DNA dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and the DNA ligase IV/XRCC4 (LX) complex. In vitro analysis has shown that several …
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Silencing, heterochromatin, and DNA double strand break repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 1999.
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Mechanisms of DNA double strand break-mediated neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease
… transcriptional activity and long lifespan. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are also linked to neurodegeneration and senescence. However, it is not clear how DSB-bearing neurons influence processes of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Here, we characterize DSB-bearing neurons from the …
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ALKBH3 and FTO: New Epitranscriptomic Regulators of DNA Double-Strand Break Response
Í þessari rannsókn er hlutverk ALKBH3 og FTO í viðgerðum á tvíþátta DNA brotum skoðað. Tvíþátta DNA brot eru meðal alvarlegustu skemmda sem frumurnar okkar verða fyrir. Ef ekki er gert við þessar skemmdir, eða ranglega gert við, geta þær leitt til stökkbreytinga, litningayfirfærsla, og sjúkdóma …
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Single-molecule studies reveal mechanisms of human DNA double-strand break repair
… lesions. The most deleterious DNA damages are double-strand breaks (DSBs), and a single unrepaired DSB can lead to cell death. In human cells, there exist two canonical pathways of DSB repair: Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) and Homologous Recombination (HR). Two protein complexes that …
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Homologous Recombination Outcomes of Double-Strand Break- initiated Events in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… responsible for repairing otherwise lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous donor template. The work in this dissertation, using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system, focuses on the effect of the initiating DSB and sequence homology on the outcomes of …
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Cell-Cell Junction Signaling Regulating DNA Double-Strand Break Repair In Breast Cells
… epithelial cell malignancy in breast cancer. DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) is one of the processes that get misregulated during breast cancer progression. In addition, radiation induced breaks such as those induced during radiation therapy to treat breast cancer patients are repaired by …
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Effect of Werner and Bloom Helicase Deficiencies On Dna Double-Strand Break Repair
<p>DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are very deleterious events that occur in cells. Causes can include endogenous agents such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light, or other sources such as processing of spontaneous DNA lesions or …
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Targeting DNA Double-Strand Break Repair to Potentiate Radio- and Chemo Therapy of Glioblastoma
… due to the augmented repair of TMZ-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). TMZ induces DNA replication-associated DSBs that are repaired primarily by the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. We found that cell lines from recurrent cultures exhibited faster resolution of Rad51 foci and higher …
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DNA-PKcs/ Artemis Complex in DNA Double-Strand-Break Repair: Cryo-EM and Biochemical Studies
… damage will thus have serious consequences. DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are amongst the most lethal forms of DNA damage. One DSB can lead to catastrophic consequences including cancer and cell death. To fix it, there are two main mechanisms-- homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous …
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Identification and characterization of novel genes involved in DNA double strand break repair process in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DNA Double Strand Break (DSB) is the most severe form of DNA lesion. Unrepaired DSBs and/or mutations in key DSB repair genes can lead to genomic instability, cancer or even cell death. DSBs can be repaired by two independent pathways; Homologous Recombination (HR) and Non-Homologous End Joining …
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Development of Novel Technologies to Investigate DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Uncovers a Role for the ATM Kinase in Error-Free NHEJ with Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases
DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are considered to be the most lethal genotoxic lesion because they can result in chromosomal translocations or result in a major loss of genetic information if repaired incorrectly. To preserve genomic integrity, mammalian cells have evolved a set of complimentary …
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Study of mechanism of genetic death in Escherichia coli in response to A) dTTP starvation and B) combination of temperature sensitive defects in replication initiation and double strand break repair
… – dnaA in replication initiation and recBC, in double-strand-break repair. This lethality was discovered by Sharik Kahn, a Post-Doctoral researcher in this lab, and I continued to investigate this mysterious synthetic lethal combination. The first chapter presents a review of the phenomenon of …
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Diverse outcomes of homologous recombination in the human Y chromosome
… The predictions presented here are based on the double-strand break repair model of recombination between homologous chromosomes, in which a double-strand break (DSB) is the common precursor to crossing over and gene conversion. First, I show that massive MSY-specific palindromes, which maintain …
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