Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 91 for “"Distractors"”.
-
Investigating the instructional sensitivity of distractors in items exhibiting DIF
When examinees from identifiable subgroups have comparable ability but different probabilities of correctly responding to an item, the item is said to exhibit differential item functioning (DIF). If the amount of DIF is practically significant, and attributable to features that are irrelevant to …
-
Discovering, autogenerating, and evaluating distractors for Parsons problems in CS1
Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms
-
The effect of internal and external distractors on self-imposed delay of gratification
The purpose of this study was to determine under which of several conditions preschool children would delay gratification longer given the choice between a smaller immediate, and a larger delayed reward in a non-instrumental paradigm.Prior to the experiment 70 subjects from a pool of 81 subjects …
-
N-back Performance with Trauma-Relevant Visual Distractors: Associations with Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology
Responses to psychological trauma can range widely from resiliency to psychiatric disability. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one possible outcome following trauma composed of specific symptoms such as intrusive re-experiencing of trauma reminders, avoidance of trauma-related cues, …
-
Maximizing the Potential of Multiple-choice Items for Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment
… diagnostic information available from the distractors in multiple-choice items used in large-scale achievement assessments and identifies optimal conditions for extracting diagnostic information. The study is based on the analyses of both real student responses and simulated data. The real …
-
Modulating emotional bias in attentional competition
… competition, in which emotionally powerful distractors gain a competitive edge over task-relevant targets. The present study had two aims: (1) to verify a competition account of EIB, and (2) to investigate if and how the competitive edge of emotional distractors can be reduced, thereby …
-
Lexical Representation and Processing in Second Language Learners
… completed a picture-naming task, with written distractors. The distractors differed in semantic relatedness and gender congruency. There was a clear indication of a gender interference effect when the pictures and the distractors were semantically related, but not when they were unrelated. This …
-
A Science Education Study Using Visual Cognition and Eye Tracking to Explore Medication Selection in the Novice Versus Expert Nurse Anesthetist
… data. Results demonstrate that similar distractors attract attention during search as evidenced by longer reaction times when similar distractors are present, most significantly in expert participants. Additionally, all participants spent a greater amount of time looking at the similar …
-
Elektrodermale Aktivität und lexikalische Verarbeitung bei Aphasie
… were single words and pseudowords as targets and distractors in a lexical decision task requiring selective attention. We wondered whether access to the phonological input lexicon was still available in all clinical conditions of aphasia. All participants (aphasic patients and normal subjects) …
-
Common or separate summary statistical processes for representing average and variance?
… was an oddly oriented line compared to the other distractors. Next the observers were exposed to two new sets simultaneously, featuring only distractors. One set was a comparison set and the other had the same summary statistic as the previous distractor set. This task is called the 2 …
-
Semantic and phonological context effects in visual search
… for a pre-specified target amongst a number of distractors. According to theories of visual search, attention is directed towards the target through a combination of stimulus-driven (bottom-up) and goal-driven (top-down) means. For example, when searching for a red car, top-down attention can …
-
Biologically-inspired auditory artificial intelligence for speech recognition in multi-talker environments
… input containing a target talker and multiple distractors. In this research the network is called a Binaural Speaker Isolation FFTNet or BSINet for short. To compare the performance of BSINet to human participant performance on recognizing the target talker's speech with a varying number of …
-
Task Switching and Distractibility
… on people’s ability to ignore irrelevant distractors. Load theory proposes that distractor interference critically depends on the availability of executive control to minimise the effects of irrelevant stimuli (e.g. Lavie, 2000). Much work on task switching suggests that task switching …
-
An ERP Investigation into the Influence of Spatial Relevance on Attentional Deployment
… Castelhano (2018) demonstrated that abrupt-onset distractors are more likely to be fixated when they appear within spatially relevant regions; however, the attentional mechanisms underlying this differential processing are not fully understood. Two hypotheses could explain the attentional …
-
Characterizing the Brain Dynamics and Eye Movement Behavior of Memory-Guided Saccades: a Preliminary Investigation of Distractor Influence on Memory-Guided Saccades
… functional organization and neural mechanisms of distractors on memory-guided saccades. In our current study we have utilized eye tracking and EEG technology to simultaneously record the changes in saccadic eye movement (SEM) behavior and event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with performance …
-
Exploring Spatial Operations of Distractor Suppression in the Sense of Touch
… about the mechanisms that mediate suppression of distractors, especially in sensory modalities outside vision. In this study, we conducted a series of behavioral experiments to investigate the spatial flexibility of distractor suppression mechanisms in touch. Our aim was to understand how …
-
Perceptual Learning Of Object Shape
… for a target object embedded in an array of distractors, until their performance improved from chance levels to over 80% of trials in an object specific manner. We determined the role of specific object components in the recognition of the object as a whole by measuring the transfer of …
-
On the flexible nature of the relationship between attention and active memory representations
… identity and location), perceptual and WM distractors displayed distinct patterns of interference: spatially specific for perceptual and spatially global for WM distractors. In contrast, in Experiment 3 (remember identity and location of two items) I found that perceptual and WM distractors …
-
The Effects of Nicotine on Attention Orienting
… while ignoring preceding or simultaneous novel distractors. A group of non-smokers was compared to overnight abstinent smokers (9 hours) and after nicotine intake via 2 mg nicotine tablet or via smoke-inhaled nicotine. The results revealed that preceding distractors impaired task performance due …
-
Neural Mechanisms Involved in Emotion /Attention Interactions
… confirmed more dACC activation during color-word distractors and more rACC activation during emotion-word distractors. Activity in ACC subdivisions differentially predicted behavioral performance. Connectivity with prefrontal and limbic regions also supported distinct dACC and rACC roles. Findings …
Page 1 of 5