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Showing 1 to 20 of 45 for “"Disinfection byproducts"”.
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Oxidation of Disinfection Byproducts and Algae-related Odorants by UV/H₂O₂
… simultaneous removal of regulated halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and odorous aldehydic algal byproducts in the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, which are earthy-musty odorants that commonly occur in drinking water. UV/H₂O₂ is an expensive advanced oxidation process that …
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Toxic effects on model mammalian cells by monohalogenated disinfection byproducts: haloacetic acids and haloacetonitriles
Disinfection processes provide a necessary barrier against waterborne infectious diseases; yet, water disinfectants inadvertently generate environmentally hazardous chemicals called disinfection by-products (DBPs). While a number of individual DBPs have been found to be mutagenic, cytotoxic, …
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Removal of selected water disinfection byproducts, and MTBE in batch and continuous flow systems using alternative sorbents.
… to evaluate the sorption characteristics of six disinfection byproducts (DBPs) on four sorbents. To investigate sorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), specially designed experimental batch and continuous flow modules were developed. The investigated compounds included: chloroform, …
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Gas chromatographic-electron capture analysis of disinfection byproducts from the chlorination of swimming pools and lake water
Trihalomethanes are a class of compounds that are restricted by the Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water. Water sources that contain a high amount of water life increase the amount of trihalomethanes produced when the water is chlorinated. Following the methods utilized by the …
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Reduction of Disinfection Byproduct-associated Toxicity by Adjustment of Distribution System pH
Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) such as Haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs) have come under scrutiny in recent years due to their high toxicity compared to currently regulated carbonaceous disinfection byproducts (C-DBPs). Lowering concentrations of N-DBPs in drinking …
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PHOTOELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF MUNICIPAL REVERSE OSMOSIS CONCENTRATE
… in ROC raised the concern of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. The results show that PEC could be an economically viable alternative for ROC treatment with proper control of DBPs formation.
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Critical review of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in fresh produce and process water
Disinfection is one of the most significant steps to guarantee the quality, safety, and shelf-life of fresh and fresh-cut produce in food processing industry. However, the disinfectant can react with the organic matter in produce and water, leading to the formation of disinfection byproducts …
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Removal of Total Organic Carbon and Emerging Contaminants in an Advanced Water Treatment process using Ozone-BAC-GAC
… solvents, bacterial/viral pathogens, and disinfection byproducts, might be present in source water and difficult to remove via various water treatment technologies. Low molecular weight organic compounds are especially challenging to remove and may require treatment optimization. The …
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Management of disinfection byproduct production in small drinking water systems
… OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Two groups of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) currently regulated in drinking water are trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The objective of this research was to better understand how the water treatment processes employed at four smaller municipal …
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Occurrence, monitoring and removal of drinking water contaminants by advanced technologies
… compliance under the USEPA Stage 2 Disinfectant Disinfection Byproducts Rule, drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are switching from free chlorine (FC) to chloramines (MCA). Concerns are raised as MCA disinfection has been linked N-nitrosamine formation. N-nitrosamines are a group of …
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Balancing Bromate Formation, Organics Oxidation, and Pathogen Inactivation: The Impact of Bromate Suppression Techniques on Ozonation System Performance in Reuse Waters
… to human health. However, ozone can also form disinfection byproducts such as bromate from the oxidation of naturally occurring anion bromide. Bromate is a known human carcinogen and is regulated by the EU, WHO, and USEPA to a maximum limit of 10µg/L. In waters high in bromide, especially above …
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Comparing Ferrous Chloride and Ferrous Sulfate as Secondary Coagulants at the Beaver Water District Drinking Water Treatment Plant
… of trihalomethanes, a regulated group of organic disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Because ClO2 is reduced to chlorite (ClO2-), a regulated inorganic DBP, BWD incorporated ferrous salt into their coagulation regime to quench chlorite to chloride. In this study, two ferrous salts - ferrous chloride …
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The inactivation of Coxsackievirus B5 with monochloramine for safe global water
… demonstrated unique resistance to free chlorine disinfection compared to similar viral pathogens of concern, such as Adenovirus. Due to emerging regulations targeting disinfection byproducts of free chlorine, water utilities are switching to monochloramine as a secondary disinfectant to maintain …
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Evaluation of Contaminant Removal Through Soil Aquifer Treatment by a Lab Scale Soil Column Experiment Including a Trace Contaminant Spike Test
… organic carbon (TOC), nitrogen species, and the disinfection byproducts bromate and NDMA. During Phase 2 of testing, CECs, iron, arsenic, bromide, and sulfate were monitored in addition to those monitored during Phase 1. About 50% of the TOC was removed within 3 days of travel time, with no …
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Navigating the Unregulated: A Multi-Tiered Public Health Risk Assessment of PFAS and N-DBPs Utilizing Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule Data
… substances (PFAS) and nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) are significant drivers of genotoxic and non-genotoxic health risks, primarily through the ingestion of drinking water containing these contaminants. While risk depends on individual chemical properties rather than …
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Assessing Biofiltration without Ozonation for Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors in Drinking Water at the Beaver Water District Drinking Water Treatment Plant
… (NOM) fractions that serve as precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), which include the four regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN). Rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) and Pilot Plant filters operated at empty-bed contact times (EBCTs) of 4, 8, and 16 …
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The Minus Approach to Redefine the Standard of Practice of Drinking Water Treatment: Philosophy and Case Studies on the Adsorption of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances onto Powder Activated Carbon and Membrane Surfaces
… contaminants (KUECs) and also create toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in-situ. Although finished drinking water is usually compliant with permitting standards, numerous questions arise regarding its ultimate safety for human consumption. This work introduces the philosophy of the “Minus …
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