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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"Disinfection byproduct"”.
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Management of disinfection byproduct production in small drinking water systems
… OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Two groups of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) currently regulated in drinking water are trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The objective of this research was to better understand how the water treatment processes employed at four smaller municipal …
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Wildfire Impacts on Water Quality and Implications for Disinfection Byproduct Formation
… various aspects of water treatment, including disinfection. The addition of disinfectants, such as chlorine, to water containing wildfire-affected DOM has been shown to increase concentrations of the regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) known as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids …
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Reduction of Disinfection Byproduct-associated Toxicity by Adjustment of Distribution System pH
Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) such as Haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs) have come under scrutiny in recent years due to their high toxicity compared to currently regulated carbonaceous disinfection byproducts (C-DBPs). Lowering concentrations of N-DBPs in drinking …
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Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Disinfection Byproduct Mixtures Formulated Using Free Chlorine and Monochloramine
… various toxicity endpoints of drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs), but an emphasis on single compounds prevails. In this research, DBP mixtures were assessed using a cytotoxicity test with Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells and an Ames fluctuation test with Salmonella typhimurium …
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Synergy of Alum and Chlorine Dioxide for Curbing Disinfection Byproduct Formation Potential at Central Arkansas Water
… from Lake Maumelle and Lake Winona. To curb disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation, CAW has begun retrofitting their two plants to use chlorine dioxide as an alternative primary disinfectant followed by free chlorine secondary disinfection in the distribution system. In this study, …
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Development and Evaluation of Photocatalytic Linear Engineered Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials for the Removal of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors from Drinking Water
… evaluated in terms of their ability to remove disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors from two natural surface water matrices via adsorption and photocatalysis. DBPs, which form when naturally occurring organic precursor compounds interact with chemical disinfectants used in drinking water …
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Evaluation of Bromate Formation and Control using Preformed Monochloramine in Ozonation for Indirect Potable Reuse
… of ozonation eliminated the potential for disinfection byproduct formation when monochloramine is formed in the main water flow. This also allowed for the mechanisms of bromate suppression by monochloramine to be examined without the influence of reactions between chlorine and dissolved …
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Performance and microbial community structure of Midwestern groundwater pretreatment reactors
… seek to minimize chlorine demand and potential disinfection byproduct formation. Many plants are forced to chlorinate before primary filtration in order to meet disinfection requirements, so a pretreatment configuration is the one of the few feasible locations for biological activity. Parallel …
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Harmful algae, algal toxin, taste and odor control and mitigation in public water system
… i.e., MC-LR and CYN. At the same time, the disinfection byproduct (DBPs) formation during oxidations of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins were investigated. Furthermore, several T&O events occurred in Missouri drinking water systems were studied and the major cause of the T&O was …
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Emergence and fate of iodinated organic compounds and disinfection by-products during biological treatment of oil and gas produced water
… rich, formation and toxicity of treatment byproducts with iodide and bromide constituents is of concern when planning potential treatment management strategies for complex waste streams like O&G produced water. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of iodinated organic compounds …
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Assessing Biofiltration Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration Membrane Processes
… organic carbon (DOC) reduction, regulated disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation, and improvement on the downstream UF membrane operating performance. UF performance, as measured by the temperature corrected specific flux or mass transfer coefficient (MTC), was determined by calculating the …
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Inactivation mechanisms of adenovirus from exposure to polychromatic ultraviolet light irradiation
… pathogens and comply with regulations on disinfection byproduct formation. Human adenovirus (HAdV) is found in water sources around the world and can cause respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal, and eye infections. HAdV has emerged as a waterborne pathogen of concern due to its resilience …
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Effect of combined UV and free chlorine on the formation of chloronitromethanes
The results from this study show how different precursors affect halonitromethane (HNM) formation as well as how different free chlorine doses can affect HNM speciation. This study shows that the low pressure ultraviolet (LPUV) and free chlorine concurrent exposure can enhance HNM formation. In …
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Impact of bark beetle infestation on water quality and hydrology in the Rocky Mountain West, The
… data sets containing total organic carbon and disinfection byproduct concentrations at water treatment facilities in healthy and bark beetle-impacted watersheds demonstrate higher total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations along with significantly more DBPs at water-treatment facilities using …
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Removal of Total Organic Carbon and Emerging Contaminants in an Advanced Water Treatment process using Ozone-BAC-GAC
… solvents, bacterial/viral pathogens, and disinfection byproducts, might be present in source water and difficult to remove via various water treatment technologies. Low molecular weight organic compounds are especially challenging to remove and may require treatment optimization. The …
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Oxidation of Disinfection Byproducts and Algae-related Odorants by UV/H₂O₂
… simultaneous removal of regulated halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and odorous aldehydic algal byproducts in the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol, which are earthy-musty odorants that commonly occur in drinking water. UV/H₂O₂ is an expensive advanced oxidation process that …
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The Effect of Natural Organic Matter on UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Treatment and the Effect of UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Treatment on Natural Organic Matter
<p>Ultraviolet light with hydrogen peroxide (UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) produces hydroxyl radicals that degrade organic micro-pollutants. However, radicals react non-selectively with natural organic matter (NOM). This research effort quantified the effect of NOM variation on the efficiency of …
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Total N-nitrosamine Precursor Adsorption with Carbon Nanotubes: Elucidating Controlling Physiochemical Properties and Developing a Size-Resolved Precursor Surrogate
… treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) – such as trihalomethanes (THMs), dihaloacetonitriles (DHANs), and N-nitrosamines – during water treatment may also increase. N-nitrosamines may comprise the bulk of the chronic toxicity in treated drinking waters …