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Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"Dilute Acid"”.
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Production of Ethanol from Cereal Food Fines using Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis
… hydrolysis. One method of hydrolysis is called dilute-acid hydrolysis, whereby low concentrations of acid are added to the feedstock to facilitate the breaking of chemical bonds. This study investigates the effect of different concentrations of acid to determine optimal conditions for the …
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In-situ 13C CM-MAS NMR study of dilute acid biomass pretreatment on 13C enriched poplar wood
… to pretreatment with water and 0.5 M sulfuric acid as a function of time at 150 °C. 13C MAS (magic-angle spinning) spectra were obtained in both the CP (cross polarization) and DP (direct polarization) modes, the contrasts in this combination yielding valuable qualitative information on the …
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Prairie cordgrass as cellulosic ethanol feedstock and chemical hydrolysis with disk milling for pretreatment
… were evaluated as a bioethanol feedstock. After dilute acid pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (SScF), ethanol yields from prairie cordgrass reached 205 to 276 g/kg biomass and 1,379 to 3,446 kg/ha. These ethanol yields were comparable with those of switchgrass, …
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Responses of Quercus alba L. seedlings to fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus
… Soil P tests were made by three methods: dilute acid extractable P (Mehlich), acid flouride extractable P (Bray no. 1), and total P by perchloric acid digestion. Correlation analyses were performed on seedling growth, foliar P content, and soil P tests. Confounding factors, including site …
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High-performance liquid chromatographic methods for quantitative assessment of degradation products and extractives in pretreated lignocellulose.
… for conversion of biomass to ethanol involves dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and fermentation of monomeric sugars to produce ethanol. However, a variety of degradation products are produced upon dilute acid pretreatment of …
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Synthesis of Delta(3)-Imidazolines as Latent Forms of Peptidyl Trifluoromethyl Ketones
… peptides, by use of carbamate-protected amino acid fluorides as the initiator of the dipolar cycloaddition. The imidazolines then functioned as a protecting group for the trifluoromethyl ketones during typical peptide Fmoc deprotection and elongation reactions. In the final step, the …
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A study of effects of inhibitors on cathode potentials of metals in dilute acids
… from cathodic corrosion specimens through dilute acid solutions to which one or more known or commercial inhibitors had been added was measured against a saturated calomel reference electrode. Platinum, mild steel, copper, monel, inconel, yellow brass, nickel and tin were used as cathodic …
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Fabrication and Characterization of a Porous Clad Optical Fiber Gas Sensor
… where the secondary phase is removed through dilute acid leaching. A non-phase separable glass composition is used for the core region. The properties of the phase separable glass are dependent on the processing conditions and the thermal history of the glass after the porosity has been …
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Characterization of Cellulase Enzyme Inhibitors Formed During the Chemical Pretreatments of Rice Straw
… to downstream processing. Pretreatments, such as dilute acid and hot water, are effective means of biomass conversion. However, despite their processing importance, preconditioning biomass also results in the production of carbohydrate and lignin degradation products that are inhibitory to …
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Part I: In-situ fluorometric quantification of microalgal neutral lipids Part II: Thermal degradation behavior of investment casting polymer patterns
… rigid cell walls. In this study, the addition of dilute acid and heating of solution, were found to greatly enhance staining efficiency of Nile red for microalgal species evaluated. Oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion stabilized by a non-ionic surfactant was employed as a pseudo-standard that mimics …
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Genetic Improvement of Switchgrass Cell Wall Content, Leaf Angle and Flowering Time
… plants had uncompromised biomass yield. After dilute acid pretreatment, the low lignin transgenic biomass had significantly increased cellulose hydrolysis (saccharification) efficiency for biofuel production. Erect leaf is a desirable trait to adjust the overall plant architecture to perceive …
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Optimal yeast strains for the production of fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
… efficiently under various conditions including dilute-acid hydrolyzates of cellulosic biomass. Using this engineered S. cerevisiae strain capable of fermenting xylose efficiently, we will be able to produce various fuels and chemicals from cellulosic biomass hydrolyzates.
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Synthetic enzymatic pathway conversion of cellulosic biomass to hydrogen
… (SAA); hemicellulose removal, most often using dilute acid (DA); and increasing cellulose accessibility by cellulose solvent-based pretreatments, such as cellulose solvent- and organic solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation (COSLIF). In a comparison of the lignin removal (SAA) and …
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Two-stage acidic-alkaline pretreatment of Miscanthus for bioethanol production
… alteration and ethanol yield. A two-stage acidic-alkaline pretreatment was proposed to obtain most intact monosaccharides from cellulose and hemicellulose. Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment was performed in the first stage mainly for hemicellulose removal while the second stage carried out …
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Economies of scale analysis and location studies for fuel ethanol refineries
… was used to build the process model using the dilute-acid prehydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis method. The process model was then used to conduct the economies of scale analysis and determine the optimal plant size. For plant site selection, suitability analyses to identify the candidate …
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Investigating biomass saccharification for the production of cellulosic ethanol
… In this project, two pretreatment methods (dilute acid, DA, and cellulose solvent- and organic solvent-lignocellulose fractionation, COSLIF) for corn stover were compared. It was found that glucan digestibility of the corn stover pretreated by COSLIF was much higher, along with faster …
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Copper adsorption/desorption characteristics on copper amended soils
… Cu solution and then extracted with a series of dilute acid extractions to determine Cu adsorption and fixation capacities. Copper adsorption and more importantly Cu fixation increased with an increase in soil pH. Soil with a high organic matter content as a result of manure applications adsorbed …
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The Chemical and Physical Properties of Tourmaline
… in air decomposed schorl were both extracted by dilute acid. The rate of extraction was found to increase as the original schorl decomposition temperature was increased. The activation energy for the extraction of boric oxide as a function of the schorl decomposition temperature was found to be …
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Integrated processing of brewer's spent grain into value-added protein feedstuff and cellulose adsorbent
… process. FP was sequentially treated by dilute acid, alkali, and bleach to produce purified cellulose fibers, which were then modified by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) oxidation to produce a cellulose adsorbent. The feasibility of the adsorbent in removing heavy metals …
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