Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"Differential reinforcement"”.
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The Effects of Non-differential Reinforcement and Differential Reinforcement on Problem Behaviors and Accuracy of Responding of Autistic Children.
The effects of non-differential reinforcement and differential reinforcement on problem behaviors and accuracy of responding of autistic children was examined. In experiment 1, one child with autism participated, and in experiment 2, two children with autism participated. In the non-differential …
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An investigation into the persistence-strengthening effects of differential reinforcement of alternative (DRA) behaviour
… disruptive events and ways of introducing differential reinforcement of alternative behaviour (DRA), on the persistence of responding. Of interest was the persistencestrengthening effects of DRA on the target, or problem, behaviour, and whether this could be reduced by training an …
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Adventitious differential reinforcement of emergent sample-specific behavior and common coding in pigeons' matching-to-sample
… but it is possible that unintended adventitious differential reinforcement produced the effect. Experiment 1 was designed to replicate these findings in pigeons and determine whether naming or adventitious differential reinforcement provides the best explanation. In Phase 1, 17 pigeons were …
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An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of and Preference for Differential Reinforcement and Response Cost within Token Economies
Several researchers have directly compared differential reinforcement and response cost within the context of token economies, and the results have varied. That is, some studies have shown equal effectiveness across procedures, whereas other studies have shown one procedure to be more effective …
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The Effects of Differential Reinforcement on the Variable and Novel Pretend Play Behaviors of Children with Autism
… The goal of the present study was to use differential reinforcement of novel and variable responses to teach three preschoolers with autism to engage in a variety of pretend play behaviors. A multiple baseline design across participants and playsets was used. Appropriate pretend play …
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An Incentive/Reward Intervention to Decrease Alcohol Abuse at Fraternity Parties: Differential Reinforcement of Blood Alcohol Concentration
… of the current research, in combination with differential reinforcement in order to reduce alcohol consumption and its behavioral outcome, blood alcohol concentration (BAC). A total of 409 male and female college students participated while in the applied setting of four fraternity parties. …
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Evaluation of resurgence following differential reinforcement of alternative behavior with and without extinction in a human-operant model
<p>Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) plus extinction for problem behavior is an evidence-based intervention for individuals diagnosed with autism. However, researchers have recently begun investigating DRA without extinction, given this treatment component may be unsafe or …
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Effects of NMDA Receptor Antagonists on the Differential-Reinforcement-of-Low-Rate 72 Second (DRL 72) Responding in Rats
… differences and the effect of estrous cycle on differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 72 second (DRL72) responding have yet to be examined. The aim of the present study was to extend the preclinical antidepressant evidence of dextromethorphan and evaluate sex and estrous cycle influence using …
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Use of noncontingent reinforcement with complimentary differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to address aggression in children with autism spectrum disorder
… evaluated the effectiveness of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) to reduce aggression in autistic children. The study also investigated how NCR may be effectively schedule thinned while still maintaining low levels of aggression. Aggression is a behavior that impacts approximately 53% of …
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The Effects of DRO and DRA for Increasing Academic Engagement and Decreasing Disruptive Behavior of Elementary Students in General Education Classrooms
… suggests that functional assessment and differential reinforcement methods are effective for decreasing an array of problem behaviors. However, research is limited in the number of studies including children of typical development exhibiting common problem behaviors (e.g., inappropriate …
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Improving wellness-exam and vaccination attendance in children with developmental disabilities using reinforcement and fading techniques
… the effectiveness of stimulus fading and differential reinforcement without extinction as strategies to help two children, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delays, to overcome their fear of medical procedures, or more specifically, vaccination. A changing criterion …
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Training Individuals in Function-Based Behavior Intervention Plans Using Modeling, Rehearsal, and Self-Monitoring
… intervention plans and to accurately implement differential reinforcement of alternative behavior for escape-maintained problem behavior. Twenty public school teachers of children with emotional and behavior disorders participated in a 7 hr training. The training package consisted of …
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Effects of response-independent stimulus delivery and functional communication training
… response-independent stimulus delivery and differential reinforcement of an alternative behavior. This study examined whether the response-independent delivery of an alternative preferred stimulus and differential reinforcement of manding resulted in increases in manding and suppression of …
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Comparing The Relative Effectiveness Of Function-Based Antecedent And Reinforcement Interventions For Increasing Preschoolers’ Appropriate Behavior
… intervention - pre-session non-contingent reinforcement, and a reinforcement intervention – differential reinforcement of alternative behavior. The two interventions were compared according to effectiveness on increasing preschool students’ academically engaged behavior and social validity …
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A Comparison of Two Function-Based Interventions: NCR vs. DRO in a Preschool Classroom
… the relative efficacy of non-contingent reinforcement (NCR) and differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) after behavioral functions have been identified through indirect, descriptive, and experimental assessment. Participants included three preschool-age children in center-based …
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Acquisition of observing responses with delayed conditioned reinforcement
… an observing response) on a tandem fixed-ratio 1 differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior 10-s schedule. For the other 3 pigeons, no contingency was implemented for treadle pressing. Treadle pressing was established equally in the presence and absence of the observing contingency. The results …
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Generalized identity matching in the pigeon: Effects of extended observing- and choice-response requirements.
… transfer on the basis of identity with differential reinforcement on the test trials. Under these conditions, two of the four birds demonstrated substantially better than chance levels of performance. These data imply that while the extended response requirements may be necessary, other …
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Resurgence of lever pressing during a DRO challenge
… was to experimentally investigate the effects of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) on potential resurgence of a previously reinforced response. During Phase 1, rats’ left lever pressing was reinforced on a fixed-ratio (FR) 20 schedule while extinction was in place for right lever …
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