Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Developmental Origins of Health and Disease"”.
-
Effects of a Pregnancy Lifestyle Intervention on Emotion Regulation in Infants Responding to a Toy Removal Task at One-Year of Age
… increased psychopathological risk in infancy and childhood. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Hypothesis suggests the prenatal period as the earliest point of intervention, where fetal exposure to healthy lifestyle changes can promote optimal ER in infancy. Infant …
-
One Meal at a time: Nourishment in the Cape Winelands
Emerging fields of inquiry in epigenetics and the 'Developmental Origins of Health and Disease’ (DOHaD) propose the 'first thousand days’ of life as a critical period for the formation of new life. During this time food is one crucial set of signals that edits life, and is particularly pertinent in …
-
Effect of nicotine and alcohol exposure in utero on vascular intima medial thickness, endothelial function, and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors in children in a low-income setting.
Introduction: Foetal exposure to nicotine and alcohol during pregnancy may result in cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. In low socioeconomic regions, CVD risk factors have also presented in children and adolescents. The Developmental origins of Health and Disease (DoHaD) hypothesised that …
-
Neurochemical, epigenetic, and structural brain changes associated with prenatal stress exposure, and the mitigating effects of DHA
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis posits that in utero stress exposure can modify developmental trajectories, influencing adult health. Research indicates that maternal stress can negatively impact neurodevelopment, especially in individuals genetically predisposed …
-
The Role of Maternal High Fat Diet in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic and Bone Disease in the Adult Offspring
Chronic diseases such as osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are diseases of long duration, slow progression, and are by far the leading cause of death worldwide. A growing body of evidence links adverse exposures in early development with an increased risk of chronic diseases …
-
Prenatal and postnatal nutritional influences on leptin sensitivity and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity in the rat
The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis suggests that exposure to adverse prenatal environmental influences can determine an individual’s susceptibility to obesity in adult life. However, the specific causal mechanisms which underlie this hypothesis have yet to be identified. …
-
IMPACT OF NUTRIENT IMBALANCE ON THE EPIGENETIC SIGNATURE AND GENE EXPRESSION OF BOVINE EARLY EMBRYOS
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory emphasizes the long-term health implications of maternal nutritional imbalances during pregnancy. This study focuses on how variations in energetic substrates during preimplantation development affect gene expression, differential …
-
Molecular basis of gene-environment interactions in the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD
The origins of respiratory disease, such as asthma in childhood and COPD in later life are unclear. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight is associated with increased risk of asthma, poor lung function in adults and COPD in old age. Exposure to oxidative stress and poor nutrition …
-
Understanding the effects of maternal undernutrition in early gestation on placental development in late gestation
Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are on the rise among the U.S. population. Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the US and is responsible 610,000 deaths per year. A suite of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes – obesity, elevated blood …
-
The Role of Mouse Placental Endocrine Function on Offspring Metabolic Health
… adequate nutrient partitioning between mother and fetus is required for optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. The placenta, the barrier between mother and fetus plays a key role in this partitioning; not only by transporting nutrients to support fetal growth, but also by secreting hormones, …
-
The Impact of Excess Nutrients, Fatty Acids or Glucose, on BeWo Placental Trophoblast Metabolic Function
… in pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus has been well linked with the development of metabolic health disorders in the exposed offspring. Impairments in placental development, mitochondrial respiration, and nutrient processing are thought to specifically underlie the …
-
The impact of mouse placental endocrine function on fetal resource allocation and adult offspring health
During pregnancy, optimum maternal and fetal outcomes are determined by adequate nutrient partitioning between the mother and fetus. In turn, the placenta plays a critical role in nutrient partitioning during pregnancy, as it is responsible for secreting hormones that induce maternal insulin …
-
The Effect of Aberrant Inflammation During Pregnancy on Subsequent Risk of Maternal Metabolic Disease Development
… are linked to an increased development of metabolic disease in mothers and their offspring. Previous studies from our lab have shown the development of risk factors for disease development following pregnancy complications. It is thought that pregnancy complications prime the maternal …
-
Effect of Inflammation in Pregnancy on Maternal and Offspring Cardiovascular Systems
Complications of pregnancy are often characterised by abnormal inflammation during gestation and are associated with an increased risk of future maternal and offspring cardiovascular disease (CVD). Murine studies have revealed that inflammatory pregnancies are associated with the acquisition of …
-
High Saturated Fat Diet Induces Gestational Diabetes, Perinatal Skeletal Malformation and Adult-Onset Chronic Diseases
… fat diet (HFD) has been linked to increased risk of musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases; however, the contribution of gestational HFD to elevated oxidative stress (OS), perinatal cardiovascular, skeletal, and metabolic dysfunction as well as long-term effects on adult offspring …
-
The Effects of Cannabis sativa on the Sperm Epigenome
<p>We have a rudimentary understanding of the consequences of preconception exposure to cannabis. As the most commonly used illicit psychoactive drug, cannabis prevalence is rapidly increasing across the United States (US), and consumers are increasingly perceiving it as safe. Recreational cannabis …
-
Investigating the nutritional and social determinants of favorable fetal growth conditions (FFGC) in pregnant women living in the Free State Province, South Africa
Aim: The prevalence of adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight and preterm birth are gradually increasing in South Africa (SA), while overall global prevalence rates have been declining. Poor birth outcomes are an indicator of a poor fetal environment, and a predictor of increased risk of …
-
Effects of periconceptional undernutrition and twinning on ovine pregnancy
… conception such as maternal undernutrition and twinning may have effects on offspring physiology and disease risk in adulthood. Periconceptional undernutrition alters offspring physiology and adult pathology without affecting birth size, while twinning affects birth size and physiology but …
-
Caesarean section delivery and childhood obesity
Background and aims: Caesarean section (CS) birth, in particular elective/planned CS, has been found to be associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity. Various mechanisms that differ by birth mode, including differences in the vaginal and faecal microflora and stress hormone …
-
Maternal Obesity During Pregnancy: Cardiovascular Outcomes for Mother and Baby
The prevalence of obesity has increased significantly over the last 30 years such that it is now more common worldwide to be overweight or obese than normal weight. As a result of this, increasing numbers of women are entering pregnancy overweight or obese. Obesity during pregnancy is associated …