Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"DNA strand breaks"”.
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Action of Tyrosyl DNA Phosphodiesterase on 3'-Phosphoglycolate Terminated DNA Strand Breaks
Free radical-mediated DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are induced either directly by ionizing radiation or by certain chemicals like bleomycin. These breaks are terminated by 3'-PG (PO4CH2COOˉ) or 3'-phosphate groups formed as a result of fragmentation of deoxyribose. To study the nature of repair …
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Reduction of white blood cell DNA strand breaks (alkaline comet assay) in smokers and non smokers by black tea consumption
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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INVESTIGATIONS OF DNA DAMAGE AND REPAIR IN THE HUMAN LENS
… of cataract, of which one consequence is DNA damage. The current study investigates the role of DNA damage and repair in cataract formation. The present body of work has three main aims. Firstly, to develop a model to study the effects of oxidative stress in human lens cells; secondly, …
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Studies of the excretion of aluminium by the kidney and the toxic effects of the element on DNA
… the toxic effects of Al in vitro on the DNA of pig kidney cell line LLC-PKl were investigated, in an attempt to elucidate some of the mechanisms of toxic action. DNA synthesis was measured using ³H-TdR incorporation. Over increases of both time (9-72 h) and Al concentration (0.01-8.0 mM), …
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Novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl polyamine derivatives: their mode of action in a breast cancer cell system.
… spermidine (BNIPSpd) bis-intercalates to DNA, induces oxidative DNA damage, depletes polyamine levels and causes cell death by apoptosis in human colon cancer CaCO-2 and HT-29 cells. The aim of this thesis was to synthesise new BNIPP derivatives to highlight the important structural …
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Hydrogen peroxide-induced genotoxicity and transgenerational implications in sea urchins
… The fast micromethod was used to quantify DNA strand breaks in sea urchin coelomocytes, then further developed to include simultaneous quantification of DNA strand breaks, oxidised DNA bases, and methylated cytosines. Interspecies differences in susceptibility to DNA damage were detected in …
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Investigating the Role of PARylation in Regulating Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function in Healthy Mature Mice
… to a plethora of biomolecules (i.e., proteins, DNA, RNA, etc.) in response to physiological stressors (i.e., nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, DNA strand breaks). Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is primarily mediated by the family of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and …
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Identification of Bacteroides genes involved in Metronidazole resistance
… for treating such infections is metronidazole, a DNA damaging agent. Metronidazole enters the bacterial cell as an inert prodrug, and is activated by cellular reduction into a cytotoxic compound which is thought to cause DNA strand breaks. Certain metronidazole resistant B. fragilis strains have …
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Investigating the putative therapeutic effects of sulfophane in the human lens
… assess cell populations. To determine levels of DNA strand breaks, the alkaline comet assay was performed and quantified. Lactate dehydrogenase levels in the medium (of FHL 124 cells and porcine lenses) were evaluated to reflect cell damage/death. To assess level of gene expression an Illumina …
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Studies of PARP-1 activation and inhibition using NMR spectroscopy
… derived from NAD+. PARP-1 is a key sensor of DNA strand breaks and becomes automodified in response to DNA damage. PARP-1 activation occurs following recognition of single or double strand breaks by PARP-1’s N-terminal zinc finger domains. A multi-domain allosteric activation pathway leads to …
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The multifactorial nature of hypoxia-induced drug resistance in cancer: involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor 1
… with decreased drug-induced senescence. DNA damage measured at the single-cell level revealed that the increase in survival correlated well with a HIF-1-dependent decrease in etoposide-induced DNA strand breaks, providing direct evidence that exposure of tumor cells to hypoxia leads to …
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Microcapsule drug delivery device for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme
… analysis of tissue for evidence of DNA strand breaks via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results showed that localized delivery of chemotherapeutics from microcapsule devices is capable of prolonging animal survival and may offer an …
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A study of acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase in the fetal mouse brain and a study of the effects of three teratogens, vitamin A, cyclophosphamide and sodium valproate on the fetal mouse central nervous system
… of cyclophosphamide and vitamin A on cephalic DNA damage utilising a DNA unwinding assay to detect DNA strand breaks. Substantial acetylcholinesterase activity of ± 3nmol/min/mg was present in 17-day to 19-day fetal mouse brains and 5 isoenzymes were present on electrophoresis. The contribution …
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Investigation of Huntingtin’s Role in DNA Repair and Transcription
… as a member of the nuclear Transcription-Coupled DNA Repair (TCR) complex. Both wild type and mHTT were shown to interact with several nuclear DNA repair and transcription proteins, including PNKP, RNA Polymerase, DNA ligase III, CREB, and Ataxin3 (Atxn3). HTT is directly implicated in regulating …
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Novel nanoparticle drug delivery systems: application in the in vitro study of Bisnaphthalimidopropyl derivatives against human colorectal cancer cell lines.
… 24-hour treatment associated with an increase of DNA damage with the significant creation of DNA strand breaks against both cell lines (both at IC50). According to proteome profiler array, BNIPPiProp, BNIPPiEth and BNIPDaCHM were found to up-regulate and downregulate apoptosis-related proteins in …
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Study of Low Energy Electron-Impact Induced Ionization and Fragmentation of Uracil
… the fundamental reaction mechanisms leading to DNA strand breaks. The experiment also includes the development and testing of a supersonic source using a 50 micron straight nozzle with argon gas acting as the buffer gas. The supersonic source will improve beam collimation and will enable …
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Development of methods to investigate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity and DNA base-excision repair in relation to cancer and ageing
… automation of the fluorescence detected alkaline DNA unwinding (FADU) assay to measure DNA strand breaks and repair. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is involved in DNA base-excision repair and the maintenance of genomic stability, but emerges to have many more functions in cellular …
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Uncovering the Role of 5'-Nucleotidases in Pyrimidine Metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei
… Finally, I used a PCR-based assay to study DNA strand breaks in cells lacking 5'-HDNT, and DNA damage was visualized using a comet assay. These results support the critical role of 5'-HDNT in facilitating interconversion between pyrimidine nucleotides and nucleosides, especially C and U. …
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Assessing the effects of radiotherapy on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using microfluidic techniques
… cytokeratin18 (M30 antibody). Radiation-induced DNA strand breaks were detected using the TUNEL assay.ResultsA significant surge in LDH release was demonstrated in the rat liver after a single dose of 20 Gy; in HNSCC it was seen after 40 Gy, compared to the control. There was no significant …
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