Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 34 for “"DNA mismatch repair"”.
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Investigating DNA remodeling in DNA mismatch repair
Many DNA metabolic pathways, including DNA repair, require the transmission of signals across long stretches of DNA or between DNA molecules. Solutions to this signaling challenge involve various mechanisms: protein factors can travel between these sites, loop DNA between sites, or form oligomers …
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The Crosstalk Between DNA Mismatch Repair and Replication
DNA replication fidelity relies on DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and the proofreading nuclease activity of DNA polymerases. Normally, biosynthetic errors can be removed by the polymerase's proofreading nuclease activity upon their incorporation, and those errors that have escaped the proofreading …
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ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DNA MISMATCH REPAIR IN THE CHROMATIN ENVIRONMENT
Mismatch repair corrects errors made during DNA replication and inactive mismatch repair is associated with Lynch Syndrome and sporadic cancer. Genome replication in eukaryotes is accompanied by chromatin formation. The first step in chromatin establishment is nucleosome assembly, that starts with …
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Role of DNA Mismatch Repair in Disease-associated Trinucleotide Repeat Instability
… and neuromuscular diseases. The mechanism of DNA instability is believed to involve the formation of slipped-repeat structures, and ongoing expansion requires the presence of functional mismatch repair (MMR) proteins. It is known that MMR efficiency is affected by the structure of the DNA …
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Roles of RNA interference and DNA mismatch repair in maintaining genomic integrity in Cryptococcus pathogens
… stability are RNA interference (RNAi) and DNA mismatch repair (MMR). RNAi defends the host genome by targeting double-stranded viral RNAs and aberrant endogenous RNAs for degradation. Endogenous sources of aberrant RNAs include transcripts derived from transposable elements and repetitive …
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Visualizing the One-Dimensional Diffusion of DNA Mismatch Repair Proteins at the Single-Molecule Level
The eukaryotic post-replicative DNA mismatch repair pathway corrects mispaired bases that escape polymerase-proofreading machinery during DNA synthesis before the errors become permanently embedded in the genome. The initial steps in this essential pathway involve a series of specific target …
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Mutational analysis of the DNA mismatch repair genes, hMLH1 and hMSH2, in South African colorectal cancer patients
… polyps. Recently five genes involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) have been implicated in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). In this retrospective study, paraffin-embedded normal and tumour tissues from 109 black, and 110 Caucasian CRC patients were studied. To screen for …
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The role of deficient mismatch repair system in Lynch syndrome and the increased risk of colorectal cancer
… syndrome is the result of germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes (Yurgelun & Hampel, 2018). Analysis of individuals and families with Lynch syndrome found that patients had defects specifically in chromosomes 2, 3 and 7 (Zhang et al., 2015). The significance of these chromosomes was …
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The Role of the Mismatch DNA Repair Protein MutL in Antigenic Variation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete
… the endonuclease activity of MutL, a canonical DNA mismatch repair protein, for vlsE gene conversion raising the question whether MutL might play a role in recombination or in antigenic variation systems in other bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the recombination activity of …
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Common genetic variance at the SMAD9 colorectal cancer risk locus influences tumour mutational phenotype
… role for SMAD9 risk variance in increasing DNA mismatch repair activity. Comparison of single base substitution signatures showed a depletion of DNA mismatch repair signatures among MSS tumours from risk allele carriers. This appeared to support my second hypothesis although results require …
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Loss of Mismatch Repair in the Aging Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell
… genetic change, as a result of failed DNA damage repair, in the adult stem cell (ASC) population. The hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HPC) is a well characterized example of ASCs. In second and third chapters I show evidence of age related accumulated genetic instability and …
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Determination of an interaction between the DNA repair proteins MLH1 and sMBD4 and aspirin regulation of DNA repair gene and protein expression in colorectal cancer
The base excision repair protein, MBD4 (also known as MED1) is known to be transcriptionally coupled to a mismatch repair protein MLH1. To date the significance of this coupling has not been elucidated and the significance of MBD4 within the mismatch repair system and apoptotic pathway is still …
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DISSECTING RESISTANCE TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IN MSS COLORECTAL CANCER
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibiting DNA mismatch repair deficiency and microsatellite instability (MSI) often display favorable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies, in contrast to mismatch repair proficient and microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. While the high …
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Single-molecule studies of mechanical and helicase-catalyzed disruption of nucleic acid duplexes
Nucleic acids (e.g. DNA, RNA) are subjected to numerous twisting, bending, and stretching forces within cells, and enzymes process them in a variety of ways. The behavior of nucleic acids in response to applied forces and enzymatic activity is therefore necessary for a fundamental understanding of …
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Novel antibiotics from DNA adenine methyltransferase inhibitors
DNA adenine methylation plays a role in several core bacterial processes, including DNA mismatch repair, the timing of DNA replication and gene expression. The dependence of bacterial virulence on the activity of Dam, an adenine methyltransferase, makes it an attractive target for novel …
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Determining the Roles that DICER1 and Noncoding RNAs Play in Endometrial Tumorigenesis
… a genetic and epigenetic disease. Changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA processing promote tumorigenesis, just as mutations in coding sequences of specific genes contribute to cancer development. In my thesis work I sought to determine the role that noncoding RNAs …
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Identification of proteins interacting with the human mismatch repair protein MLH1
Loss of expression of the human DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene, hMLH1, is seen in a number of tumour cell lines resistant to a variety of cytotoxic drugs. The aim of this study was to identify other proteins that interact with hMLH1 to attempt to further elucidate its role in MMR and the engagement …
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Universal Lynch Syndrome Screening in Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer: Impact of an Alberta-wide Screening Program
… is caused by a germline mutation in one of the DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) genes and can be diagnosed through germline genetic testing. Universal tumor screening in all new CRCs using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess for loss of MMR-protein expression allows for identification of individuals …
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