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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"DNA aptamers"”.
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Functional DNA Aptamers as Biotherapeutic Molecules
Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides, DNA or RNA, which can bind to a myriad of targets such as ions, peptides, proteins, drugs, organic and inorganic molecules with high affinity and specificity. Aptamers are derived using combinatorial libraries comprised of a variable region flanked by …
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Selecting DNA aptamers for 17β-estradiol
… a promising approach which employs the use of DNA aptamers for the detection of E2. DNA aptamers are single stranded DNA molecules which are capable of binding target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. The aim of this project is to develop DNA aptamers that would function as sensors …
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USE OF DNA APTAMERS FOR TARGETED DELIVERY OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS
… to large biomolecules such as antibodies. Aptamers are a new class of biomolecules similar to antibodies in that they fold into 3D shapes which specifically bind to a target of interest, but differ in that they are composed of single stranded RNA or DNA. Aptamers are selected for using the …
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Fluorescent and Colorimetric Biosensors Based on DNAzymes and DNA Aptamers
… nucleic acids, a large number of catalytic DNA (DNAzymes) and aptamers have been isolated, many of which possess high analyte specificity. As a result, these functional nucleic acids can be used for sensing and diagnostic applications. However, the number of successful sensors made from …
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Selection and characterization of DNA aptamers for estradiol and ethynylestradiol for aptasensor development
… A promising alternative makes use of DNA aptamers as molecular recognition elements. In order to evaluate the potential of DNA aptamers and aptasensors to detect small organics in natural waters, the following objectives were pursued: (1) critically review DNA aptamers and aptasensors …
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Isolation and characterisation of novel DNA aptamers against Mycobacterium tuberculosis biomarkers: new tools for tuberculosis diagnostics
… in urine and ESAT-6 or CFP-10 in other samples. Aptamers can be packed more densely on biosensor surfaces increasing the dynamic range of detection while matching the affinity that an antibody has for a biomarker. Chemically modified DNA aptamers were isolated for LAM and the ESAT-6.CFP-10 dimer. …
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CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS ANALYSIS OF SINGLE-STRANDED DNA APTAMERS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH PROTEIN TARGETS AND CARBON DOTS
Aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides, which fold into particular 3-dimensional structures permitting high-affinity binding to target molecules. In the first part of this work, capillary electrophoresis experiments were conducted to determine the dissociation constant of a unique …
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Dna Aptamers Selected Against Wild-Type Helix 69 Ribosomal Rna And Their Implications In Combating Antibiotic Resistance
… specificity. </p> <p> In this thesis work, DNA aptamer candidates with binding specificity for the wild-type bacterial H69 were selected. The 84-nt-long DNA aptamer (H69DNAapt18) that was identified from a DNA library with a 40-nt randomized region has the sequence …
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The Identification and Validation of Novel Aptamers to Glioma
… to deliver therapeutics more specifically. Aptamers are short oligonucleotides that conform to unique three dimensional structures based on sequence and are able to target molecules selectively, in order to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the tumour. Aptamers can be selected against …
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SELECTION OF APTAMERS FOR INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY TEST.
… method to evolve nucleic acid ligands, called aptamers, with new functionalities. We have prepared single-stranded DNA aptamers against non-metabolizable sugars and peptide using SELEX, with the ultimate goal of developing biosensors for the intestinal permeability test. Design strategy for …
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Catalysis by DNA enzymes: roles of lanthanide(III) ions and DNA aptamer modules
For many years scientists considered DNA and RNA to be merely the means for the storage and transmission of genetic information. Catalytic roles of some RNA molecules, called ribozymes, were discovered in the early 1980s. Considering structural similarities between RNA and DNA, it was reasonable to …
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Development of Functional DNA -Based Sensors and Investigations Into Their Mechanism
… vitro selection. In vitro selection to isolate DNAzymes for Hg2+ and Cd2+ and the use of negative selections to overcome Pb 2+ interference at various stages of selection has been described in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 describes the structure-switching strategy to isolate DNA aptamers specific for …
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The development of aptamer-based probes for the detection of TB antigens ESAT-6.CFP-10 potential TB diagnostic tools
… our research group recently isolated DNA aptamers that bind to a putative marker for active TB; the ESAT-6.CFP-10 heterodimer. Aptamers are highly specific artificial mimics of antibodies that have shown great prospects in diagnostic applications. The aim of this study was to …
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Aptamers that bind SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for COVID-19 rapid diagnostics and therapeutics
… as well as disease surveillance. To that end, DNA aptamer-based rapid diagnostics show promise as cost-effective, shelf-stable alternatives to those based on antibodies. In the introduction, I discuss what DNA aptamers are, how they are discovered, and how they are applied to biosensing. In …
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Ultrasensitive DNA aptasensors based on exponential amplification reaction
… a general method to enhance the sensitivity of DNA aptasensors by coupling them with an isothermal DNA amplification technique known as exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR). The method involves two steps: (1) first, the target-induced structure-switching of DNA aptamers causes the release …
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DNA as a Catalyst and as a Sensor: Investigating the Structure of the Ty1 Retrotransposition Intermediate and the Utility of DNA -Based Biosensors
In vitro selection has been utilized to develop aptamers and aptazymes as components of small-molecule sensors. Aptamers have been selected for a range of targets from proteins to small-molecule ligands. Aptazymes have an aptamer domain that can allosterically control the catalysis of an attached …
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Mining microbes to engineer novel biosensors
… which have integrated sensing parts such as DNA aptamers, antibodies, or well characterized enzymes have either failed to demonstrate continuous monitoring or expand past monitoring a handful of biomarkers. To address this need, we propose to mine microbial metagenomes for novel …
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Development of chemical tools for studying biology with light: Photoactivatable donors and photoacoustic probes
… we combined the analyte specificity of DNA aptamers with commercially available fluorophores to show the feasibility of a general approach. For our proof-of-concept study, we used a thrombin-selective aptamer and were able to show a selective modulation of the photo-acoustic signal upon …
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Advances in DNA technology towards dynamic assemblies and biological applications
… published his seminal work on the design of DNA tiles, which along with his group, became the field now known as structural DNA nanotechnology. Professor Chad Mirkin and several others then later realized the power of complementary DNA can be utilized as a “smart glue” to programmably …
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QCM Aptasensor for Rapid and Specific Detection of Avian Influenza Virus
… would be able to rapidly detect AIV H5N1 using aptamers as biosensing material and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for transducing method. Specific DNA aptamers against AIV H5N1 were immobilized, through biotin and streptavidin conjugation, onto the gold surface of QCM sensor to capture the …
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