Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"DNA Demethylation"”.
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Dynamic regulation of DNA demethylation and RNA-directed DNA methylation in Arabidopsis
<p>DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark present in many eukaryotes, and is involved in many crucial biological processes, such as gene imprinting, regulation of gene expression, and genome stability. Proper genomic DNA methylation patterns are achieved through the concerted action of DNA …
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Regulation of Active DNA Demethylation and its Role in Fertility in Arabidopsis thaliana
… maintenance of existing methylation, and active demethylation as it utilizes these processes to facilitate gene expression changes throughout the lifetime of the plant. Expression of the DNA demethylase REPRESSOR OF SILENCING1 (ROS1) is dependent upon this balance as well as perpetuating it, yet …
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Identification and characterization of factors involved in DNA demethylation and anti-silencing in Arabidopsis
<p>DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark for transcriptional gene silencing in many eukaryotes. DNA methylation status can be dynamically controlled by methylation and active demethylation processes. Compared to the well-known mechanisms of DNA methylation, the mechanisms of DNA demethylation …
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Tet1: A Unique Dna Demethylase For Maintenance of Dna Methylation Pattern
<p>DNA methylation at the C5 position of cytosine (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a crucial epigenetic modification of the genome and has been implicated in numerous cellular processes in mammals, including embryonic development, transcription, X chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting and chromatin …
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The Role of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Genome Instability
… a critical epigenetic modification, and DNA methylation is involved in many biological processes. DNA methylation state is not static; hence, DNA demethylation mechanisms exist to remove 5mC from the genome. This is critical during developmental periods of widespread epigenetic …
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The Regulation of UHRF1 during Mammalian Embryogenesis
… comprises two independent instances of global DNA demethylation that each coincide with an increase in developmental potential: firstly during the development of the inner cell mass from the gametes, and secondly during the development of primordial germ cells. Although some of these changes in …
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Maintaining Proper Levels of DNA Methylation Marks Through the TET Family is Critical for Normal Embryo Development in Pigs
DNA methylation is one of the principal epigenetic modifications that plays an essential role in transcriptional regulation. After fertilization, mammalian embryos undergo dynamic changes in genome-wide DNA methylation patterns and the changes are essential for normal embryo development. Ten-eleven …
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Genetic and biochemical studies of human apobec family of proteins
… in higher vertebrates converts cytosines in DNA or RNA into uracil. These proteins have essential roles in either innate immunity or adaptive immunity. Recently, AID has also been implicated in DNA demethylation in the context of early embryogenesis in mammals. This is partly based on the …
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ELUCIDATION OF MECHANISMS GENERATING 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE (5hmC) IN MAMMALIAN MITOCHONDRIA
<p>DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in governing cellular processes including genomic imprinting, gene expression, and development. Recently, the Tet family of methylcytosine dioxygenases(Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3) was found to catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to …
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Dynamic epigenetic modifications during human fetal germ cell development
… gene expression without changing the underlying DNA sequence, can affect the fate of germ cells. Abnormal epigenetic reprogramming will facilitate abnormal germ cell development; therefore, understanding of epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms can contribute to the discovery of medical …
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DNA Translesion Synthesis Factors are Essential for Mammalian Embryonic Germ Cell Development
… genome stability are incompletely understood. DNA mutations can arise from errors in replication, mis-repair of damaged DNA or the action of error-prone pathways such as DNA translesion synthesis (TLS). TLS enables DNA replication to be completed when the replication machinery stalls at …
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The core mammalian pluripotency network in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) formation : models for genetic and epigenetic reprogramming
… model that incorporates the eæect of DNA demethylation on the activation of the network, with attention given to the relationship between this epigenetic transformation and the cell proliferation barrier that somatic cells seemingly face on the road to pluripotency.
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Multi-omics characterisation of mouse gastrulation and organogenesis at single-cell resolution
… (1) the role of the spatial environment and (2) DNA methylation in cell lineage priming and specification during embryonic development. To better understand the spatial environment's role on cell fate specification (Aim 1), we used the image-based single-cell transcriptomics method, seqFISH, to …
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THE ROLE OF DNA REPAIR IN DNA METHYLATION DYNAMICS
… involves the erasure and re-establishment of DNA methylation by both passive and active mechanisms, including DNA repair pathways, and occurs concurrently with an increase in developmental potency. In addition to Uhrf1 and the Tet enzymes, the interplay between activation induced cytidine …
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The role of Ten Eleven Translocation enzymes in the hair follicle mesenchyme
… complete reversal of hair loss. Tet2 promotes DNA demethylation by the hydroxylation of 5mC to 5hmC which in turn causes gene transcription activation. Dermal papilla (DP) cells located within the hair follicle are responsible for the regulation of development and the growth of hair follicles. …
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Regulation of De Novo and Maintenance Dna Methylation By Dnmt3A and Dnmt3B
<p>DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is essential for the regulation of gene expression and integrity of the mammalian genome. It occurs predominantly in the context of CpG dinucleotides to form a symmetrical pattern on both DNA strands, which allows DNA methylation patterns to be …
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Epigenetic regulation by 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and its implications for epidermal stem cell behavior
Far from being just an intermediary in the DNA demethylation pathway, 5- hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) is an epigenetic marker that significantly influences gene expression, with major consequences for embryonic development, stem cell identity, and ultimately organ homeostasis. Keratinocyte stem …
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ZSCAN4 AND REPLICATION STRESS: SAFEGUARDING GENOME STABILITY IN MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
The accuracy of DNA replication is essential for maintaining genome stability. However, replication can be disrupted by both endogenous and exogenous factors, leading to a condition known as replication stress (RS). RS slows down and eventually stalls replication forks. If stalled forks are not …
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Dopamine-dependent Transcriptional Dynamics in Striatal Physiology and Cocaine Reward
… that has been implicated in activity-dependent DNA demethylation. However, the role of Gadd45b in cocaine reward has not been examined. Using unbiased genome-wide transcriptional profiling, pharmacological manipulations, electrophysiological recordings, and transgenic animal lines, and CRISPR …
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Chronic oxidative stress and susceptibility to renal carcinogenesis
… regulatory genes/proteins and effect of DNA demethylation on growth and transformation of cells. To further understand role of chronic oxidative stress on progression of renal cell cancer, we evaluated effect of chronic exposure to H2O2 on growth and tumorigenic potential of Cak-1, human …
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