Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"Cytosolic DNA"”.
-
Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic DNA
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is normally confined within the nucleus and mitochondria. DNA exposed in the cytosol is a danger signal that warns the host of invading microbial pathogens and triggers innate immune responses including the production of type-I interferons (IFNs). Endogenous DNA that is …
-
The Mechanism and Function of Autophagy Induction by Cytosolic DNA
The file named "GUI-DISSERTATION-2018.pdf" is the primary dissertation file. The file named "Archive.zip" is a zipped file folder that contains six (6) movie files (AVI format).
-
Mechanisms of cytosolic DNA sensing and neuroinflammation in ataxia-telangiectasia
… mutations in genes critical for the DNA damage response. These disorders commonly present with neurological disease, exemplifying the importance of preserving genome stability in the central nervous system (CNS). Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a prototypical genome instability …
-
THE ROLE OF DNA SENSOR SIGNALLING PATHWAY IN LYMPHOMA
… of viral nucleic acids. Many intracellular DNA sensors induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons (IFN) through the activation of the transcription factors including IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Interestingly, we found evidence that the same defense …
-
STING safeguards epithelial genome integrity and protects from carcinogenesis via mitotic checkpoint control
… a central mediator of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA. However, whether cGAS-STING directly coordinates DNA damage response in non-immune cells and thereby contributes to cell-intrinsic prevention of oncogenesis is not known. The present work uncovers a novel role and identifies STING as …
-
Roles of Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase in Immune Defense Against Retroviruses and Autoimmunity
The presence of DNA in the cytosol is known to trigger robust innate immunity. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is the sensor of cytosolic DNA and activation of cGAS initiates cytokine production. Here we show cGAS plays essential roles in immune defense against retroviruses as well as in autoimmune …
-
Disruption of Dna Polymerase Zeta Promotes An Innate Immune Response
<p>DNA polymerase ζ (pol ζ) is a specialized polymerase that protects cells from the consequences of DNA damage and stress. Without pol ζ function mammalian cells and yeast are exquisitely sensitive to genotoxic stresses including ultraviolet irradiation and platinum compounds such as the …
-
Regulatory Mechanisms in Innate Immunity
… discovered in metazoan. It is produced by the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS in response to pathogen or self DNA as a second messenger to activate STING. cGAMP has been proven to be very important in anti-viral response and anti-tumor process. In the second part of the dissertation, I used …
-
The cell-intrinsic innate immune response to DNA damage in human cells
The innate immune response has evolved to detect DNA from viruses and intracellular bacteria and differentiate this from our almost identical self-DNA. DNA detected in the cytoplasm is thought to be identified as foreign due to its location, and bacterial DNA in endosomes in recognised by its …
-
Intratumoral Sting Activation Sensitizes Poorly Immunogenic Cancers to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy
… of acute inflammatory signaling through the cytosolic DNA sensing pathway component stimulator of interferon genes (STING) could reprogram tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to support rather than suppress T cell activity, converting CRPC and PDAC …
-
The Role of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Cancer and Autoimmunity
The DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detects cytosolic DNA derived from infections, cancer, or aberrant self-DNA accumulation. DNA-bound cGAS synthesizes cGAMP, which activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein to induce type I interferons, inflammatory cytokines, and …
-
Toward the Rational Design of Better Antivirals: The Development of cGAMP as an HIV-1 Anti-Retroviral and the Genetic Surveillance of WNV Evolution
… to evade immune detection by the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway. A small cyclic di-nucleotide, cGAMP, activates the same pathway by directly binding STING. Treatment with cGAMP, delivered by ultra-pH sensitive nanoparticles or by liposomes, in human peripheral blood mononuclear …
-
Exploring antiviral strategies: From innate immunity modulation to viral proteins targeting
… a downstream actor in the detection of non-self cytosolic nucleic acids related to viral infections and tumor conditions. The Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) plays a pivotal role in counteracting viral infections, independently from whether the viral genome is DNA or RNA, mounting a strong …
-
TREX1 C-Terminus Regulates Oligosaccharyltransfererase to Prevent the Accumulation of an Endogenous Bioactive Disaccharide Associated with Autoimmune Disorders
… Detection of viral and bacterial intracellular DNA by cytosolic DNA sensors (CDS) is crucial for the activation of the innate immune system and for eliciting a proper immune response. However, self-DNA species that originate from retro-elements, genomic DNA replication, and damaged mitochondria …