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Showing 1 to 20 of 126 for “"Cytokinesis"”.
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Mechanical integration between cytoplasmic networks during cytokinesis
… of cells involves nuclear separation and cytokinesis, both of which depend on the mechanical nature of cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is a multicomponent and active gel, solid enough to integrate forces over the cell, but liquid enough to permit dynamic organization. This thesis addresses force …
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Experiments concerning the mechanism of cytokinesis in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
… to the understanding of the mechanism of cytokinesis in C. elegans embryos. I wanted to analyze the relative contributions of different spindle parts – microtubule asters and the midzone - to cytokinesis furrow positioning. I developed a UV laser-based severing assay that allows the …
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Analysis of the role of rab11-FIP3 phosphorylation during cytokinesis
Cytokinesis involves abscission of the intracellular bridge between two daughter cells, thus completing mitosis. Membrane traffic is at the heart of mammalian cytokinesis. Rab11-FIP3 (also referred to as FIP3) in complex with Rab11 plays a key role in the delivery and targeting of recycling …
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Anillin Stabilizes Membrane-cytoskeleton Interactions During Drosophila Male Germ Cell Cytokinesis
… protein anillin plays a crucial role during cytokinesis – the physical separation of daughter cells following chromosome segregation. Anillin binds filamentous F-actin, non-muscle myosin II and septins, and in cell culture models has been shown to restrict actomyosin contractility to the …
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The involvement of ARF6 in rapid membrane recycling during Drosophila spermatocyte cytokinesis
Cytokinesis involves constriction of the cell at the equator. Without decreasing in volume, a spherical cell requires a net increase in the surface area during this constriction. The constriction is driven by formation of an actomyosin contractile ring, and the surface increase by addition of …
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The role of RTNLB3 in endoplasmic reticulum structure and cytokinesis in planta
… within plant cell walls. The role of the ER in cytokinesis and the importance of the regulation of ER structure during this process has not been previously investigated in detail. This study demonstrates that RTNLB3 becomes highly concentrated at the cell plate during its formation and that …
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Structure-function analysis of ZapC, an FtsZ-ring stabilizer, in Escherichia coli cytokinesis
… in the Z-ring. ZapA-D are recruited during early cytokinesis and have overlapping functions in stabilizing FtsZ at midcell, but share no primary sequence identity. The focus of this study is on ZapC, a small cytoplasmic protein that is conserved in the gamma proteobacteria, co-localizes with FtsZ …
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An investigation into dystroglycan deficiency in fibroblasts and a role for dystroglycan in cytokinesis
… a possible new function for dystroglycan during cytokinesis. Endogenous dystroglycan was localised to the cleavage furrow and midbody of dividing fibroblasts, where it was found to co-localise with the ERM family member, ezrin. Expression of mutated and truncated dystroglycan-GFP constructs in …
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Molecular Mechanism By Which The Escherichia Coli Nucleoid Occlusion Factor, Slma, Keeps Cytokinesis In Check
Cell division or cytokinesis is one of the most fundamental processes in biology and is essential for the propagation of all living species. In Escherichia coli, cell division occurs by ingrowth of the membrane envelope at the cell center and is orchestrated by the FtsZ protein. FtsZ self-assembles …
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Characterization of the interaction between FtsZ-ring stabilizer ZapC and the conserved protease ClpXP in E. coli cytokinesis
<p>Cell division in bacteria requires the assembly of a macromolecular protein machinery at midcell that is spatiotemporally regulated during the bacterial cell cycle. Central to the process of division is the assembly of a cytokinetic ring-like structure, termed the Z-ring, formed by polymers of …
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Modulation of mitotic progression and cell cycle checkpoints by phosphorylation-dependent protein-protein interactions
… maturation, mitotic spindle control, and cytokinesis, which are all disregulated in cancer cells. To study the role of Polo-like kinases we took advantage of the recent discovery that the polo-box domain of Polo-like kinases is a phosphorylation-dependent binding module that regulates …
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MAP kinase phosphatase-2 in vascular smooth cell muscle function
… which therefore diverted our study downstream to cytokinesis. Utilising time-lapse microscopy, smooth muscle cells lacking in MKP-2 exhibited a delay in cytokinesis and failure in abscission, resulting in the dividing cells connected by an intercellular bridge. The molecular mechanism of …
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Determining Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Division in Fission Yeast by Testing Major Assumptions of the Search, Capture, Pull, and Release Model of Contractile-Ring Assembly
Cytokinesis is the final step of the cell-division cycle, resulting in formation of two daughter cells. The fission yeast <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> is an ideal model organism to study eukaryotic cytokinesis, because the components, mechanisms, and regulatory pathways are well conserved. …
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The Role of Polyploidy in the Liver and Its Implications for Cancer Therapy
… polyploidization mainly occurs through cytokinesis failure, we hypothesized that inhibiting cytokinesis could be an effective strategy to suppress liver tumorigenesis while preserving normal liver function. Therefore, we inhibited cytokinesis via Anln knockdown in multiple models and …
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CHARACTERIZATION OF MITOTIC REGULATORS ACM1 AND CDC14
Mitotic exit and cytokinesis are driven by a complex set of processes that serve to
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The Function of Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase III-Beta in Trypanosoma Brucei
… suggesting a defect in cell division and/or cytokinesis. Cell cycle analysis confirmed that cells depleted of TbPI4KIII-ß have a post-mitotic cytokinesis block. In summary, TbPI4KIII-ß is an essential protein in procyclic T. brucei, required for maintenance of Golgi structure, protein …
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The regulation of division of higher plant cells
… controlled investigations into the regulation of cytokinesis. They exhibit 60-70% division synchrony on subculture, and produce predictable growth patterns in batch culture. Previous studies in these laboratories with partially synchronized cultures led to the hypothesis that a critical "trigger" …
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The Mitotic Exit Network detects spindle position and anaphase entry
… chromosome segregation is complete prior to cytokinesis. Two signals are required for MEN activation: (1) movement of the nucleus into the daughter cell and (2) anaphase onset. These two events only coincide after anaphase chromosome segregation, ensuring that mitosis is complete prior to …
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Mitochondrial inheritance and cell cycle regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… studies have revealed a checkpoint that inhibits cytokinesis when there are severe defects in mitochondrial inheritance. An established checkpoint signaling pathway, the mitotic exit network (MEN), participates in this process. Here, we describe mitochondrial motility during inheritance in budding …
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Interactions and Functions of the Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 in Human Cells
… with KIF20B, a Kinesin-6 protein required for cytokinesis. I show that depletion of either FBXO38 or USP7 result in dramatic decreases in total KIF20B levels and its localization to the midbody, which were manifested in cytokinetic defects. Furthermore, cytokinetic defects associated with USP7 …
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