Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"Cytochrome P450 (CYP)"”.
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Studying the Specificity of hPXR Antagonists Using a Panel of Cell-based Assays
… of a large network of genes including cytochrome P450 (CYP) and Mdr1 which play critical roles in chemicals metabolism and transportation. Induction of CYPs contributes to adverse drug-drug interactions. Non-toxic, PXR-specific antagonists will be valuable in attenuating the adverse …
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Modulatory Effects of Citrus Flavonoids Towards the Metabolism and Mutagenicity of Environmental Carcinogens
… enzymatic activation. This activation occurs via cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and leads to metabolites that bind to human DNA which may in turn cause mutations which may then in turn lead to carcinogenesis. Certain nonnutritive plant compounds termed phytochemicals may protect against HCA and …
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Elucidation of the Mechanism of Action of a Cell Line Selective Toxin
… concentrations. Sensitive cell lines expressed cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4F11, which metabolized the compounds into irreversible stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitors. SCD has been recognized as a promising biological target in cancer and metabolic disease. However, SCD is essential to sebocytes, …
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Transcriptional regulatory elements for basal expression and effects of phenobarbital and dexamethasone onmRNA levels of rabbit CYP2C genes
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes, expressed in many species, are involved in the oxidative metabolism of many xenobiotis as well as endogenous compounds. Expression of the rabbit CYP2C1 gene is observed only after induction with phenobarbital and is confined to the liver. The CYP2C2 gene is inducible in …
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Atomic-level characterization of protein-lipid interactions using molecular dynamics simulations
… Specific systems studied include membrane-bound cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, a class membrane proteins involved in the metabolism of a wide range of molecules, the hemagglutinin fusion peptide (HAfp), a small peptide that mediates the fusion process of the influenza virus to a host cell, and …
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Effect of cell- and species-differences in the expression of drug metabolism enzymes on chemical-induced injury to the rat and human kidney
… caused in part by differences in the activity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) between the two cell types. rPT cells expressed cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B1/2, CYP2C11, CYP2E1, CYP4A2/3, and GSTα, but not CYP3A1/2, GSTµ, GSTπ, or GSTτ. rDT cells expressed CYP2B1/2, CYP2E1, and CYP4A2/3, GSTα, …
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Determination of Absolute Protein Content of Hepatic CYP4F Enzymes in Human Liver Microsomes Using LC/MS/MS Methodology and Comparison with Immunoquantification and Enzyme Activity
… the absolute protein content of multiple cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in individual donor human liver microsome (HLM) samples. The CYP4F subfamily of enzymes have recently been identified to be involved in the metabolism of endogenous compounds (arachidonic acid, leukotriene B4), …
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Xenobiotic metabolism and zebrafish (danio rerio) larvae
… and ecotoxicology. Genes similar to mammalian cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP2B6, CYP3A5 and UDP-lucuronosyl-transferase (UGT) 1A1 were demonstrated to be expressed during normal embryonic development, with increased expression post hatching in Wik strain zebrafish larvae (72 hours post …
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Diversity and characterization of novel Cytochrome P450 2 genes in the marine teleost Fundulus Heteroclitus
The multiplicity and roles of cytochrome P450 CYP genes in the 2 family are not well known in fish. Characterizations of CYP2 genes were done in the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Multiple cDNAs from three CYP2 subfamilies were isolated from killifish cDNA libraries. Sequence analyses showed …
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Role of Fatty Acid omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation
… The ω-hydroxylation reaction is catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 (CYP) proteins, of which few have been characterized to date. In 2009, CYP86A33 from potato was identified and implicated as the main suberin-associated ω-hydroxylase by another research group through RNAi gene silencing; although …
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Human Cytochrome P450 2E1: Functional Comparison to Cytochrome 2A13 and 2A6
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of enzymes plays the predominant role in human phase I xenobiotic metabolism. The CYP2 family, in particular, is known for it extensive Phase I metabolism of a majority of the xenobiotic compounds [1]. The goal of this project is to determine the structural …
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FEXOFENADINE AND ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTING POLYPEPTIDES (OATPs): TRANSPORT AND DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS
… dextromethorphan and losartan) used to probe cytochrome P450 (CYP) activities, a significant decrease in fexofenadine AUC was observed without a change in elimination. Based on this observation, I hypothesized a fexofenadine-probe drug interaction was occurring during oral absorption, and that …
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Improvement of Gastroparesis Management By Addressing Challenges in Drug Metabolism: Studies with Metabolite Identification, Reaction Phenotyping and In Vitro Drug-Drug Interactions
… previously. Chapter 3 aimed to identify the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes responsible for the metabolism of metoclopramide. The parent depletion approach was used and a novel LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to enable metoclopramide quantification. CYP2D6 was showed to the …
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Broccoli bioactives: impact on enzyme induction, estrogen metabolism and human cancer cell growth
… of the phase I detoxification enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A. Broccoli inhibited growth of human prostate and ovarian cancer cells via induction of apoptosis, but this was not due to formation of 2-methoxyestradiol. Compared to the purified glucosinolate breakdown products I3C and …
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Effect of Mesoporous Silica-Loaded Anticancer Drugs on 3D vs 2D Models of Colon Cancer Cells
… hours, with greater stability observed at 4°C. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play a central role in drug metabolism, with this study revealing differential expression in 2D vs 3D cellular models. Real-time PCR showed higher baseline expression of CYP enzymes such as CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 in …
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Potential Mechanisms for Inhibition of Breast Cancer by Novel Azaresveratrol Analogs: Implications of Estrogen Receptor, Estrogen Metabolism and Cell Death Pathways
… the expressions of estrogen metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) affecting estrogen metabolism in cancer and normal breast epithelial cells and c) a combination of resveratrol analogs with tamoxifen has a synergistic inhibitory …
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Targeting CYP5122A1 and CYP51 for the Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Trypanosomatids
… development of new anti-trypanosomatid agents. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 51 acts as a sterol C14α-demethylase during ergosterol biosynthesis and has been widely studied for its potential as a therapeutic target. CYP5122A1, another CYP enzyme found in both Leishmania and Trypanosoma species, has been …
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Cytochrome P450 1B1 and 12/15 Lipoxygenase Interaction in Paraventricular Nucleus in Angiotensin II-induced Hypertension in Females
… female mice, and b) the interaction between the cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1-generated metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2) (2-methoxyestradiol, 2-ME) and ALOX15 in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) as a mechanism that protects against Ang II-induced hypertension and its associated pathogenesis in female …
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Tobacco/HIV-1-Induced Myeloid Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
… to exacerbate HIV-1 replication, in part via cytochrome P450 (CYP)-induced oxidative stress. CYP enzymes metabolize cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), causing oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Our previous studies have demonstrated that CSC and specific CSC constituents, benzo(a)pyrene and …
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In vitro metabolism studies to inform physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling of mefloquine, ritonavir and proguanil
… drug metabolism, substantially mediated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme superfamily. Thus, a valuable step in assessing the contribution of drug metabolism to variability in drug exposure is the measurement of the kinetics of CYP-mediated metabolism. However, this in vitro data needs to be …
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