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Showing 1 to 20 of 42 for “"Crude oils"”.
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Characterization and Asphaltene Precipitation Modeling of Native and Reacted Crude Oils
… ongoing issue in upstream operations with native oils and in refinery processes of fluids from thermocracking and hydrocracking processes. Asphaltenes can precipitate with changes in pressure, temperature and composition, promoting problems with deposition and fouling during crude oil operations. …
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Geochemical correlation study of crude oils and source rocks by biological markers
Includes bibliographical references.
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The rheological complexity of waxy crude oils : yielding, thixotropy and shear heterogeneities
Precipitate-containing crude oils are of increasing economic importance, due to diminishing oil reserves and the increased need to extract hydrate and wax-containing crude oil from ultra deep-water resources. Despite this need, the rheological behavior of these types of crude oil is often poorly …
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Determination of trace elements in crude oils by ICP-MS using detergent microemulsion.
… Mo, Cd, Sn and Pb concentrations in three Libyan crude oil samples using ICP-MS. The samples were introduced to the plasma after the formation of microemulsions in which Triton X-100 was used as the emulsifier and tetralin was the co-solvent with the addition of nitric acid in order to enable …
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The effect of blending on selected physical properties of crude oils and their products
… practice upon selected physical properties of crude oils, and of various base oils and petroleum products, using a range of binary mixtures. The crudes comprised light, medium and heavy Kuwait crude oils. The properties included kinematic viscosity, pour point, boiling point and Reid vapour …
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Separation and characterization of crude oils and investigation of their wetting properties on rock surfaces
The complexity of crude oil makes its compositional characterization a very challenging task. As a conventional method for characterizing crude oil, SARA fractionation is based on the differences between the solubility and polarity of the four fractions: Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, and …
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Toxic effects of aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures isolated from crude oils to blue mussels (Mytilus edulis)
… hydrocarbons isolated from four different crude oils. The blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) biotest used shows a reduction of mussel feeding activity after 24 h exposure with increasing aqueous and tissue concentrations. The fractions of total and monoaromatic hydrocarbons exert similarly strong …
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The characterisation of crude oils and the analysis of by-products produced in petrochemical plants
… evaluated for identifying aromatic compounds in crude oils. A standard hexane solution of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was used for SPE method development using a coupled silic cyano cartridge system. Quantitative GC/MS analysis confirmed that the SPE method developed provided potential for …
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An Experimental Study on the Effects of Heat and Chemical Inhibitors on the Flow Behaviour of Waxy Crude Oils. The Effects of Heat and Chemical Inhibitors on the Rheological Properties of Waxy Crude Oils with regard to Pumping in Pipelines
Waxy crude oils (1/3 of oil produced worldwide), pumping through pipelines considered risky operation due to the crude wax content (15-40 wt.%) and to the temperature at which wax supersaturates and precipitates, leading to the danger of pipe blockage, eventually resulting, in multimillion dollars …
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Electrical treatment of waxy model oil to improve its cold mobility
… during offshore transportation of waxy crude oils. The sharp increase of viscosity due to wax precipitation increases the pressure drop and thus raises the capital and operating cost of transportation. Conventional methods of lowering the viscosity of waxy oils include adding chemicals …
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Modelling the impact of oil price volatility on investment decision-making
… decision-making associated with the prices of crude oils. Since 1973, crude oil price behaviour has become more volatile, which suggested that different forces were driving crude oil prices. One of the main factors in generating the behaviour of crude oil prices is the role performed by OPEC …
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The Separation of the Polar Constituents of Petroleum
… and environmental issues associated with crude oil production. The inherent molecular complexity of petroleum is such that detailed compositional investigations must ideally be preceded by some form of pre-fractionation. However, the more commonly performed methods of crude oil …
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The Characterisation of Oilfield Chemicals by Electrospray Ionization Multi-Stage Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MSᵑ)
… chemicals used during the offshore production of crude oils is routinely discharged from oil production platforms in so-called Produced Water (PW). The environmental fate of these chemicals is largely unknown since few methods exist for their detection. In the present study, the use of multistage …
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Quantitative Oil Source-Fingerprinting Techniques and Their Application to Differentiating Crude Oil in Coastal Marsh Sediments
… ratio analysis and chemometrics. The most common crude oil constituents used for oil source-fingerprinting are the oil biomarker compounds. Oil biomarkers are polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon molecules typically resistant to environmental weathering (i.e., biological and physiochemical …
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Determinazione delle proprietà del petrolio tramite spettroscopia 1H-NMR e analisi chemiometrica
… process increasingly heavier and poorer quality crudes. Furthermore, the recent trends to process heavy and lower cost crudes spurred the interest on residue upgrading, normally referred to as bottom of the barrel processing, as a means to fully exploit the crudes’ heavy fractions. To reach these …
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Recovery of crude oil from saturated porous media as a function of geochemistry and wetting-phase dynamics for multiple remediation flushing strategies
… of trapped nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) crude oil as a function of wetting phase dynamics and geochemistry during enhanced-flushing conditions. Synchrotron X-ray microtomography (SXM) was used to perform pore-scale examination of NAPL fragmentation and changes in blob morphology, and …
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NMR response of liquids and of natural gas mixtures
… assist in detecting and characterizing formation oils and gases. This work involves NMR laboratory experiments at a 1 H frequency of 2 MHz. Thermodynamic and transport properties are established by sample preparation or are obtained by measurement or are based on available data. Then, the …
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The Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Heavy Oils and Solvents
… Current models are challenging to apply to heavy oils. Thermal conductivity is required for the simulation of heat exchange operations in refineries. Current models are either intended for liquid phases or computationally intensive. This thesis presents the development of predictive viscosity and …
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The Fractionation of Crude Petroleum using Chromatography, Extrography and Supercritical Fluid Extraction
The accurate and reliable analysis of crude oil, weathered oil and oil-spill related environmental samples is extremely important in view of the distribution of oil pollution in the environmental. In this work the fractionation selectivity of column chromatography, extrography and supercritical …
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Geological and Geochemical Investigation of the Petroleum Systems of the Permian Basin of West Texas and Southeast New Mexico
Fifty (50) crude oils and nineteen (19) source rock samples from strata ranging in age from Ordovician to Middle Permian, and distributed widely over the Permian Basin, were studied geochemically and chemometrically to identify the petroleum systems within the greater Permian Basin. Variations in …
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