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Showing 1 to 20 of 57 for “"Cohesin"”.
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Cohesin Promotes the Myelination Transcriptional Program in Oligodendrocytes
The general metadata -- e.g., title, author, abstract, subject headings, etc. -- is publicly available, but access to the submitted files is restricted to UT Southwestern campus access and/or authorized UT Southwestern users.
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Genomic analysis of cohesin dynamics in fission yeast
Cohesin holds sister chromatids together and facilitates their accurate segregation in mitosis. Little is known about how and where cohesin binds to chromosomes. Recent genome-wide investigations have led to apparent disparities between different model organisms. In this thesis, analysis of the …
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Human cohesin dynamics and their regulation in M and S phase
Cohesin is a multimeric ring complex, which associates with DNA throughout most of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Its canonical role is to hold the two copies (sister chromatids) of each chromosome together from the time of their generation in S phase until their separation in M phase, thus ensuring …
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Structural insights into the folding of cohesin and the membrane binding of bactofilin
Cohesin is a highly conserved eukaryotic complex that performs two essential cellular functions: sister chromatid cohesion and DNA loop extrusion. As such, they involve the association and translocation of cohesin along chromosomes through an ATP-dependent DNA binding and release cycle. The cohesin …
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MODELING COHESIN-DEPENDENT ONCOGENESIS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO: POSSIBLE AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF PARP INHIBITION
The cohesin complex performs essential cellular functions including regulation of chromosome cohesion, chromatin 3D architecture and DNA repair. Somatic pathogenetic variants in cohesin genes have been associated with tumorigenesis but it is unclear their contribution to brain tumors. Hence, I …
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Regulation Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation By E3 Ubiquitin Ligase DCAF15 Control Of Cohesin Dynamics
… directly interacts with the SMC1A protein of the cohesin complex and destabilizes the cohesin regulatory factors PDS5A and CDCA5. Loss of PDS5A and CDCA5 removal precludes cohesin acetylation on chromatin, resulting in uncontrolled chromatin loop extrusion, defective DNA replication, and …
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Analysis of the S. pombe sister chromatid cohesin subunit in response to DNA damage agents during mitosis.
… the respective anaphases of both life cycles. Cohesin is a proteinacious structural complex holding sister chromatids together until nuclear division. Defects in this complex can cause chromosome mis-segregation inevitably causing an unbalanced genetic cell content which can either manifest as …
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Identification and characterization of Sgo2 interactions - Insights into dynamic chromosomal localization, mechanism of cohesin protection and putative checkpoint function
… by a ring-shaped multiprotein complex called cohesin, from the time of their generation in S-phase until their separation in M-phase. Shugoshins protect centromeric cohesin from premature dissociation and, hence, are important regulators of genome stability. This work demonstrates that hSgo2, …
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Regulation of Sister-Chromatid Cohesion
… stable transmission of genetic materials. The cohesin complex physically connects sister chromatids during DNA replication in a process termed sister-chromatid cohesion. Timely establishment and dissolution of sister-chromatid cohesion is a prerequisite for accurate chromosome segregation, and …
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The dual use of cohesin and its protector Sgo1 contributes to the choreography of the chromosome and the centrosome cycle
… cell cycle. The multi-subunit protein complex cohesin forms a tripartite Scc1-Smc1-Smc3-ring around sister chromatids. In early mitosis cohesin is removed from chromosome arms by the phosphorylation-dependent prophase pathway. During this time, centromeric cohesin is protected by shugoshin 1 …
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Dissecting The Roles of Human Smc Complexes In Transcription Regulation and Chromatin Organization
… are not well-understood. SMC complexes including Cohesin complex and Condensin complex has been widely proposed to organize 3D genome structure, and further regulate metazoans’ gene transcription. Here, we aim to dissect the direct functions of SMC complexes (both Cohesin and Condensin) in …
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Functional characterisation of cohesin subunit SMC3 and separase and their roles in the segregation of large and minichromosomes in Trypanosoma brucei
… functions during mitosis. The T. brucei cohesin subunit, TbSMC3, localised to the nucleus as a chromatin-bound protein from G1 phase until metaphase and dissociated from chromatin during anaphase until the completion of cell division. On the other hand, cytoplasmic localisation of …
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Insights into Shugoshin localization and function in S. cerevisiae chromosome segregation
… sister chromatids segregate during the second. Cohesins, protein complexes that associate along the length of chromosomes during DNA replication, are lost in a step-wise manner in meiosis. During the first division, cohesins are lost only along chromosome arms. Cohesins remain at centromeres …
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REGULATION OF CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION BY CONSERVED PHOSPHATASE CDC14 AND KINASE CDC5
… spindle poles. Next, Esp1-mediated cleavage of cohesin is required to trigger anaphase onset while the physical segregation of the separated sisters is next driven by spindle activity. However, this scenario appears to be more complicated involving additional factors driving the sister chromatid …
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The examination of mechanisms underlying meiotic chromosome segregation
… including bulk phosphorylation of the meiotic cohesin Rec8. I also find that homolog linkage resulting from recombination regulates stepwise cohesion loss. Additionally, I present data that Rec8 plays an additional cellular role that is separable from its function as a cohesin. Rec8 is …
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Localization studies of sister-chromatid cohesion proteins MEI-S332 and RAD21 in Drosophila
… of MEI-S332 does not require the presence of cohesin, an evolutionarily conserved protein complex that is essential for the establishment and maintenance of cohesion, nor a replicated sister chromatid. However, MEI-S332 delocalization is dependent upon the activity of the separase pathway that …
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The interplay of global chromosomal organisation, promoter-enhancer interactions and transcription
… I use PCHi-C data from HeLa cells, in which cohesin or CTCF are rapidly depleted using Auxin-induced degradation. I show that promoter interactions that are lost, maintained, or gained upon cohesin depletion possess distinct distance profiles and relate to TAD organisation in markedly …
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Chromosome dynamics during cell divisions in Drosophila melanogaster: The role of Rad21 in meiotic cohesion and dynamic analysis of the condensin subunit CapG in early embryonic mitotic divisions
… protein complexes, the condensin and the cohesin complexes, respectively. Both complexes are composed of two core SMC subunits and a set of non-SMC subunits, which are conserved among most eukaryotes. In the first part of my thesis, I have analyzed the localization and dynamic behavior of …
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Characterization of Loop Extrusion and Regulatory Elements in IgH Locus Structure and Function
… chromatin loops by extruding chromatin through cohesin’s ring structure and is a critical regulator of distal V(D)J recombination. However, the relationship between chromatin looping and loop extrusion remains incompletely understood. To this end, these studies demonstrate that EVH2, EVH4, and …
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Mitotic regulators and their effects on Drosophila : chromosome structure during development
… transition. Finally, we find that the cohesin complex, a complex required for the physical attachment of sister chromatids in mitosis, is required for proper polytene chromosome structure in the salivary gland. These results describe a requirement for the cohesin complex in a variant of …
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