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Showing 1 to 13 of 13 for “"Class 0"”.
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Streaming Instabilities in Class 0/I Disks
… so that we need to shift our focus to young Class 0/I disks to study the initial conditions for planet formation. To investigate this, we use global models of disk formation and evolution run with the non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic version of RAMSES, an adaptive mesh refinement code, with a …
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Observations of disks around the youngest protostars: Characterizing frequency, dust properties, and magnetic fields at the earliest times
… during the early phases of star formation. Class 0 objects are the youngest protostars and most embedded in their natal envelopes, and circumstellar disks can form even at this earliest stage of star formation. Less-embedded Class I protostars have cleared part of their surrounding envelope, …
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RFIDSim : a discrete event simulator for Radio Frequency Identification systems
… reader. RFIDSim currently supports the Auto-ID Class 0 and Class 1 UHF RFID protocols, and is designed to be an extensible framework for additional protocol implementations, as well as a modular structure that partitions the reader / tag logic separately from the signal modeling.
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Circumstellar Structure Properties of Young Stellar Objects: Envelopes, Bipolar Outflows, and Disks
… Astronomy (CARMA). (1) Envelopes: Three Class 0 YSOs (L1448 IRS 2, L1448 IRS 3, and L1157) have been observed by CARMA at 1.3 mm and 2.7 mm continuum. Through visibility modeling to fit the two wavelength continuum data simultaneously, we found that the dust opacity spectral index of …
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Probing planetary disks: from birth to protoplanets
… these disks that will grow into planets. By the Class II phase of a protostar’s evolution, large disks are common (so there is a large mass reservoir available) and it is commonly assumed that most of the planet formation process occurs at this time. However, with the advent of high-sensitivity …
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Population Status of Beaver on the Free-running Missouri River in Southeastern South Dakota
… different (P >0.05) from a 1:1 ratio for all age classes. The age structure of the sample was 69:26:45:15:4:3 for age classes zero through five, respectively. Minimum breeding age for female beaver was 2.5 years. Seventy-eight percent of all females (>2.5 years old) collected after the breeding …
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Managing unarticulated value : changeability in multi-attribute tradespace exploration
… maker perceived attributes, which can be classified according to the ease by which the system can display them. The attribute class spectrum from least to most costly ranges from articulated, class 0 attributes, to inaccessible value, class 4 attributes. Supporting the value-adding …
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Circumstellar environments around the youngest protostars: interferometric observations and modeling
… earliest stage of protostellar evolution, i.e., Class 0 young stellar objects, using interferometric data of the Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Association array and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy. Protostars form through gravitational collapse inside their natal …
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On the Pebbling Numbers of Graphs
… to n which categorizes this type of graph as Class 0. Another result is for the Cartesian product of a clique K2 and a graph G the pebbling number has the upper bound of 2ƒ(G ) + n/2 - 1/2. Finally we use the idea of a spanning tree to prove that for any graph G with n vertices and diameter d, …
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The impact of environment on the evolution of protoplanetary discs
… groups and clusters. Sub-mm surveys of Class 0 objects is compatible with all stars being born in multiple systems. Close binaries (with orbital separation < 40AU) are likely associated to a circumbinary disc, which can be misaligned to the binary plane. Such misalignment leads to a …
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Hydrogeochemical evaluation and groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purposes in Bushbuckridge, South Africa.
… the suitability of groundwater for drinking was classified as class – 0 (ideal; 10%), class – 1 (good; 24%), class – 2 (marginal; 40%), class – 3 (poor; 20%) and class – 4 (unsuitable; slightly over 7%). The WQI indicated that 40% of the analysed groundwater samples were of excellent quality, 56% …
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Observations of protostellar systems across sub/millimeter wavelengths in nearby molecular clouds
Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-03-28 without embargo terms
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Invasion Routes and Evolution of Brook Stickleback (Culaea inconstans) in Eastern Washington
… should be on average younger than age class I. Brook stickleback were collected from 18 water bodies and otoliths were extracted to determine age after which, standard length (SL) was measured to determine length-at-age. Average age of brook stickleback in permanent wetlands was …