Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"Circuit mechanisms"”.
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Neural Circuit Mechanisms Underlying Behavioral Evolution in Drosophila
… emerge from conservation of peripheral detection mechanisms and diversification of central circuitry and suggest how evolution can exploit flexible circuit nodes to generate behavioral variation. To investigate if changes in the balance of excitation and inhibition at this node evolved repeatedly, …
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Circuit Mechanisms of Context-dependent Memory-based Action Selection
… on its learned value and the innate context. The circuits that allow learned value signals and innate contextual information to converge onto motor command neurons are not well understood. The Drosophila larva is an excellent model system for such investigations due to its rich behavioural …
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Brain states and circuit mechanisms underlying sleep and general anesthesia
… consciousness have not been identified, and the circuit mechanisms that generate these dynamics remain unknown. Furthermore, understanding the neural basis of sleep and anesthesia is key to improving clinical monitoring of patients undergoing general anesthesia and to advancing treatments of …
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Modelling resting-state neural oscillations to uncover circuit mechanisms of aging and rTMS response in late-life depression
… namely depression. However, their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, especially how they vary across brain regions and respond to therapeutic interventions such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Gaining mechanistic insight into these dynamics holds critical potential for …
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Cholinergic Control of Cortical Circuit Activity
… periods of wakefulness. Yet, the underlying circuit mechanisms of synaptic cholinergic function in the neocortex remain unclear. Moreover, acetylcholine continues to be widely viewed as a slow and diffuse neuromodulator, despite the preponderance of in vivo evidence demonstrating rapid …
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Temporal Processing by Caenorhabditis elegans Sensory Neurons
… genetic perturbation to uncover cellular and circuit mechanisms of temporal processing. This work should firmly establish C. elegans as a viable platform for applying quantitative dynamical systems methods to understanding how a nervous system processes sensory information, integrates it with …
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Mechanisms of Olfactory Plasticity in Caenorhabditis Elegans
… changes in behavior. Understanding the neural mechanisms of plasticity not only satisfies intellectual curiosity, but also provides a basis for understanding pathological conditions that come from excessive or insufficient plasticity. With a well-characterized nervous system, stereotyped …
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Predictive Novelty Detection in Songbird Auditory Cortex
… both kinds of novelty detection with the same circuit mechanism. Armed with predictions made by the Agnotron, we perform experiments to confirm the existence of Agnotron-like circuitry in the brain. While we fail to find evidence that the various novelty signals in this brain area are produced …
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Serotonergic Circuits Mediating Stress Potentiation of Addiction Risk
… and potentiate drug reward; however, the circuit mechanisms responsible for this effect are not known. We found that conditional deletion of KOR from Slc6a4 (SERT)-expressing neurons blocked stress-induced potentiation of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP). Within the dorsal raphe …
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A SINGLE GUSTATORY RECEPTOR CAN SWITCH THE INCENTIVE SALIENCE OF A SPECIFIC REWARD
… has been done on understanding the nature and circuit mechanisms of reward, how reward perception evolves to drive species-specific long-term behavioral changes remains unknown. Previously, we found that Drosophila melanogaster innate responses to a reward can be distinct from how robustly the …
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Cortico-thalamic interactions for head direction coding
… representations must be flexible. However, the circuit mechanisms and dynamics underlying how HD is modulated are largely unknown. Retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a key region for spatial cognition and exhibits dense interconnection with visual and motor areas, the hippocampal formation, and …
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Neurobiological mechanisms underlying episodic memory retrieval
… we demonstrated that the hippocampal output circuits are functionally segregated for memory formation and memory retrieval processes. We suggested that the dorsal subiculum-containing output circuit is dedicated to meet the requirements associated with memory retrieval, such as rapid memory …
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Neural circuits for solving the cocktail party problem in mouse auditory cortex
Neural circuits that mediate complex behaviors contain several cell types, yet little is known about the role of each cell type within these circuits. An example problem in the auditory domain is how cortical circuits process complex natural sounds amidst competing stimuli from different spatial …
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Neuromodulation and neural circuits underlying cognitive flexibility in the rat
… activity in the mesoaccumbal and nigrostriatal circuits during reversal learning. Here, activation of the mesoaccumbal, not nigrostriatal, circuit modulated reversal learning on trials when the expected reward was omitted. Taken together, these original results provide support for a dissociable …
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Dopamine and the Temporal Dependence of Learning and Memory
… at the behavioral level, the molecular and circuit mechanisms for this temporal sensitivity remain incompletely understood. Using the simple architecture of the mushroom body, an olfactory associative learning center in Drosophila, I examined how the relative timing of olfactory inputs and …
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Neural and psychological mediators of trait impulsivity: cortico-striatal circuitry and catecholaminergic neuromodulation
… on elucidating the psychological and neural mechanisms of waiting impulsivity in experimental rats trained on the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT). The psychological processes involved in this behaviour are yet to be fully understood. However, aspects of sustained attention, …
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The Role of the Infralimbic-Basal Forebrain Pathway in Fear Extinction
… (IL-BLA), has thus far failed to uncover the circuit mechanisms that lead to mPFC-mediated amygdala suppression of firing and diminished fear responses during extinction retrieval. One problem of this model is that it doesn’t incorporate indirect IL communication with the BLA. A key region to …
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Behavioural principles underlying navigational decision-making in Drosophila melanogaster larvae
… detailed understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms at a synaptic level and across entire brain circuits. The Drosophila melanogaster larva is an apt model system for probing the mechanisms of decision-making given its rich behavioural repertoire, small nervous system, genetic …
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Activity Dependent Trans-synaptic Tracing Of Neural Circuits In Drosophila
… brain an attractive model system to study the mechanisms that translate neural circuits to meaningful behavioral responses. Delineation of neural circuits requires development of approaches that trace functional synaptic connections. We have developed HA-Tango-trace, an activity-dependent …