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Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 30 for “"Chloramines"”.
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The Effect Of Free Chlorine And Chloramines On Lead Release In A Distribution System
… more total lead was released in the presence of chloramines than in the presence of free chlorine for RO and blended finished waters; however, there were no statistical differences in total lead release to finished GW and SW. Laboratory measurements of finished waters oxidation-reduction …
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The Effect of Chlorine and Chloramines on the Viability and Activity of Nitrifying Bacteria
… concern for drinking water systems employing chloramines for secondary disinfection. Utilities have implemented a range of disinfection strategies that have varying levels of effectiveness in the prevention and control of nitrification events, including optimizing the chlorine-to-ammonia …
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A comparison of the biocidal efficiencies of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide on the heterotrophic iron precipitating bacterium, Pseudomonas cepacia
… identified. An investigation of free chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide was undertaken to examine their applicability in the control and/or elimination of this type of deterioration in water quality. Environmental conditions were then varied to determine their effects on the …
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Investigation of Copper Pitting Propensity Using Bench and Field Scale Testing
… 2004). In addition, higher concentrations of chloramines increased the pitting propensity of the water, although the ratio of chlorine to ammonia had little effect. Similar experiments were also conducted at a utility in Iowa. Copper pitting has always existed in this area at some low level; …
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Water Quality Variations During Nitrification In Drinking Water Distribution Systems
… sea water were treated and disinfected with monochloramines to produce finished water quality similar to regional utility water quality. PVC, galvanized, unlined cast iron and lined iron pipes were harvested from regional distribution systems and used to build eighteen pilot distribution systems …
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Effects of Extracellular Polymeric Substance Composition on Bacteria Disinfection by Monochloramine
… facilities in the United States began to utilize chloramines as their primary or secondary disinfectant. Although chloramines have been known to have better efficiency for biofilm control than chlorine, our understanding of the reaction, stability, transport and fate of alternative disinfectants …
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Effectiveness of Disinfectant Residuals in Distribution Systems
… present. The model showed that both chlorine and chloramines in each decay and inactivation condition considered provided some benefit over no disinfectant at all when examining susceptible organisms. Chlorine, under medium and low decay conditions, provided the best inactivation. Where 29.8% of …
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Impact of an Epoxy Pipe Lining Material on Distribution System Water Quality
… treatments: no disinfectant, free chlorine, or chloramines. As a comparison, an aged epoxy-lined field sample was also tested. Water exposed to the liners under stagnant conditions was analyzed for the following water quality parameters: pH, ammonia, alkalinity, hardness, metals, disinfectant …
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Disinfectants and Plumbing Materials: Effects on the Sensory and Chemical Characteristics of Drinking Water
… and the presence of either chlorine or chloramines. A panel was trained in flavor profile analysis (FPA) according to Standard Methods 2170B and used to assess the sensory properties of all samples. Chemical analyses were performed to determine disinfectants, total organic carbon (TOC), …
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Chloramine and MIEX control of disinfection by-products formed from an alluvial aquifer water source
… control the DBPs in the drinking water system. Chloramines have been generally used to control the concentration of elevated DBPs species in drinking water distribution systems. However, much of the research on chloramines in DBPs has focused on the surface water sourced water treatment systems. …
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Chlorinated Tyrosine Species as Markers of Inflammation: A Kinetic Study
… side-chain amines react with HOCl to become chloramines. This contradicts the relatively slow reactions kinetics of tyrosine chlorination by histidine or lysine chloramine and warrants further investigation. In these studies, we identify the product of 3ClTyr and NO2Tyr reacting with HOCl as …
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Ndma Formation During Chloramination: Temporospatial Distribution Of Ndma Precursors, The Effect Of Lime Softening Treatment, And Precursor Identification Via Non-Targeted Analysis
… in competition between precursors and NOM for chloramines and possibly reduced interactions of precursors with NOM. The geospatial distribution of NDMA precursors in watersheds in Minnesota and its association with anthropogenic activities was investigated via geostatistical analysis. River …
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Reconsidering Lead Corrosion in Drinking Water: Product Testing, Direct Chloramine Attack and Galvanic Corrosion
… reading of the literature indicates that chloramines can accelerate corrosion of lead bearing materials and increase lead contamination of water. When a new sampling protocol was conceived and used in Washington homes to assess the nature of the problem, hazardous levels of lead were found …
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Occurrence, monitoring and removal of drinking water contaminants by advanced technologies
… (DWTPs) are switching from free chlorine (FC) to chloramines (MCA). Concerns are raised as MCA disinfection has been linked N-nitrosamine formation. N-nitrosamines are a group of nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs) which are highly carcinogenic in comparison to regulated DBPs (THMs and HAAs, generated by FC …
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Comparison of ion chromatography and flow injection analysis methods for monitoring chlorite and chlorate ions in drinking water
… in drinking water, however, FIA responded to chloramines and other oxidants present in drinking water causing inaccurate analysis of CIO₂-; and CIO₃-; by FIA. The two IC eluants investigated, a carbonate/bicarbonate mixture and a borate/boric acid mixture, performed well. By taking advantage …
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Evaluating factors that affect copper tasting sensitivity in drinking water
… copper was poorly tasted. Chlorine and chloramines dosed at typical tap water levels had no significant effect on panelists' tasting abilities for water containing 1 mg/l total copper. Geometric mean copper thresholds values did not correlate with (PROP) status so PROP sensitivity would …
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The inactivation of Coxsackievirus B5 with monochloramine for safe global water
… sanitation, can result in the formation of chloramines. The primary objective of this work is to characterize the kinetics of Coxsackievirus B5 inactivation using monochloramine as a function of temperature and pH conditions relevant to water treatment. The efficiency of dichloramine in …
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Water Quality, Aesthetic, and Corrosion Inhibitor Implications of Newly Installed Cement Mortar Lining Used to Rehabilitate Drinking Water Pipelines
… chlorine (2 mg/L at pH 6 .5 and 8), and chloramines. Flavor Profile Analysis panels evaluated odors of samples and controls. Additionally, the affects of three different phosphate-based corrosion prevention additive regimes were evaluated. Cement mortar leachates impacted water quality …
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The Occurrence and Control of Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) in Two Water Treatment Plants Utilizing the Same Source
… applied (chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chloramines and/or ozone). The study was conducted at two public drinking water treatment plants that derive their water from one source; the Delaware River. Each plant was associated with a different chemical environment that affected DBP …
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