Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 24 for “"Chest X-Rays"”.
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Automatic Chest X-rays Analysis using Statistical Machine Learning Strategies
… Instead, the well known and affordable chest x-ray (CXR) interpretation by radiologists is the technique employed in those places. Nevertheless, if this method is obsolete in other parts of the world nowadays it is because of its many flaws including: i) it is a tedious task that …
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Computer aided diagnosis of miliary TB in chest X-rays
With the improvement in computer technology, Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is becoming an increasingly more powerful tool for radiologists. The focus of this project was on CAD of pulmonary miliary tuberculosis. Several methods for enhancing lung textures were discussed as an aid to the …
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Computer-assisted detection of lung cancer nudules in medical chest X-rays
… in 1895 with Rontgen's discovery of x-rays. X-ray photography has played a very prominent role in diagnostics of all kinds since then and continues to do so. It is true that more sophisticated and successful medical imaging systems are available. These include Magnetic Resonance Imaging …
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Computer-aided diagnosis of tuberculosis in paediatric chest X-rays using local textural analysis
… the appearance of the lung fields in paediatric chest X-rays to detect the presence of tuberculosis. The computer aided diagnosis (CAD) tool consists of 4 phases: 1) lung field segmentation; 2) lung field subdivision; 3) feature extraction and 4) classification. Lung field segmentation is …
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Towards Interpretable AI for Longitudinal Disease Monitoring and Clinical Reporting from Chest X-Rays
Chest radiography (CXR) plays a pivotal role in diagnostic imaging for monitoring disease progression and evaluating treatment effectiveness. Despite notable advancements in machine learning, disease progression monitoring remains relatively underexplored. Challenges arise from the specificity of …
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Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of Lung Ultrasound Compared to Chest X-rays for Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children
… and drive antibiotic resistance. Addition of chest X-ray (CXR) to diagnostic algorithms improves specificity, but CXR use is limited by radiation exposure and relatively high costs, limiting access in low-resource settings. Current guidelines therefore reserve CXR for moderate to severe …
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A systematic review: the role of neuroinflammation as a pathway to injury in traumatic brain injury
… tuberculosis has a high mortality. Chest x-rays are an adjunct diagnostic tool for tuberculosis but has high inter-reader variability, which may be reduced with chest x-ray scoring systems. We analysed and scored chest x-rays of hospitalised patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis …
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The prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in patients with a short history of cough (less than three weeks) at Kamwala, Chilenje and Kabwata Clinics, Lusaka, Zambia
… microscopy and culture of 3 sputum samples and chest radiographs; 54 (26.5%) had PTB. There was no difference in the age and gender between patients with PTB and those with no evidence of PTB. Twenty-nine patients (53%) with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis had chest radiographs …
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The prevalence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in patients with a short history of cough (less than three weeks) at Kamwala, Chilenje and Kabwata Clinics, Lusaka, Zambia
… microscopy and culture of 3 sputum samples and chest radiographs; 54 (26.5%) had PTB. There was no difference in the age and gender between patients with PTB and those with no evidence of PTB. Twenty-nine patients (53%) with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis had chest radiographs …
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Self-Supervised ECG Learning for Multimodal Clinical Tasks
… We then align and fuse these ECG embeddings with chest X-rays and EHR text using a vision–language model backbone, enabling end-to-end multimodal inference. Our results show that incorporating ECG signals meaningfully improves diagnostic performance, highlighting the value of multitask time series …
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Image registration and bias evaluation for a COVID-19 pulmonary X-ray severity (PXS) score prediction algorithm
… to provide better care for patients. Analyzing chest x-rays (CXRs) is one method used by radiologists to assess disease severity, but manual interpretation is time-consuming and subject to inter- and intra-rater variability. One study has used a Siamese neural network to predict numerical …
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Latent diffusion for generative visual attribution in medical image diagnostics
… Radiography Database containing labelled chest X-rays with differing pathologies via the Frechet Inception Distance (FID), Structural Similarity (SSIM) and Multi Scale Structural Similarity Metric (MS-SSIM) metrics obtained between real and generated images. The resulting system also …
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A retrospective audit of the clinical value of routine chest radiographs in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery using medical records
Routine postoperative chest radiography after cardiac surgery is a common practice, although studies, both prospective and retrospective, conducted in their majority outside Africa, have shown that these chest radiographs are of low clinical value, mainly due to limited impact on patient …
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Improving Model Generalization of Pneumonia Detection from Chest Xray Images Using Deep Learning and Transfer Learning
… and one of the leading causes of mortality, with chest X-rays serving as the primary diagnostic tool. Despite their promise, deep learning models for pneumonia detection often face limitations in generalization, performing strongly on familiar datasets but losing accuracy when applied to unseen …
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Deep Learning Based Approaches For Low Cost Defense Detection
… may not be accessible in all clinical settings. Chest radiography provides a lower-cost and widely available imaging modality, but interpretation of chest X-rays for fibrotic disease can be challenging due to subtle radiographic patterns and overlapping anatomical structures. This thesis …
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Laparoscopy (to detect occult diaphragm injury) versus clinical and radiological follow up to detect diaphragm injury and herniation, in patients with asymptomatic left thoracoabdominal stab wounds : A prospective randomized controlled study
… can be safely treated with careful clinical and chest X-ray follow up to ascertain healing of occult injuries. Methods: A parallel-group, prospective, randomized control study was conducted at the Trauma Centre at the Groote Schuur Hospital from 01 September 2009 through to 01 November 2014. All …
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Healthy Behavior: Essays in Health and Behavioral Economics
… behavior. The first essay studies human error in chest x-ray interpretation, a common and consequential medical task. It casts radiologists as facing a classical decision-theory problem, derives a novel martingale test for optimal behavior, and implements this test through a prudent application of …
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Minimal Labels, Maximum Gain. Image Classification with Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning
… general framework for diagnosis and apply it to chest X-rays, including the diagnosis of COVID-19. For all the approaches in the paper, we show, through rigorous experimental and detailed ablation studies, that our models produce state-of-the-art results and are competitive with fully supervised …
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A complex, high-performance agent-based model used to explore tuberculosis and COVID-19 case-finding interventions
… and in the case of TB, screening using chest X-rays. The impact of several such early diagnosis interventions on case detection have been studied in clinical trials, but the longer-term impact of these interventions on infections (incidence) and deaths (mortality) is not known. There are …
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Role of workplace based assessment of radiographers in informing curriculum development practices: a plain X- ray film technical sufficiency exemplar using 2010 post- registration radiographers.
… was based on technical evaluation of five (5) chest X-rays for anatomical coverage, patient positioning, exposure, contrast, sharpness, image annotation and radiation protection. A total of 31 participants participated in the self-assessment and WBA conducted in four teaching hospitals. The …
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