Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"Chest Radiography"”.
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Observer variation in detecting lymphadenopathy on chest radiography
… agreement in the detection of lymphadcnopathy on chest radiography in children at risk for tuberculosis. Methods Dianostic test. Chest radiography using antero-posterior and lateral films. Observers. Four paediatric pulmonologists independently viewing the radiographs. Alain outcome measures. …
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Investigating the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Chest Radiography: Efficacy, Bias, and Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
… especially given the initial testing shortages. Chest radiography played a key role in diagnosis and clinical management, and radiological findings were found to predict patient outcomes. The calls for artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to help clinicians resulted in unprecedented access to …
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A comparative study evaluating the performance of diagnostic radiography units and protocols for paediatric and adult chest radiography examinations
… (IQ) and radiation dose for paediatric and adult chest radiography (CXR), between and within hospitals. Large variations in IQ could influence the diagnostic accuracy, and variations in radiation dose could affect the risk to patients. This thesis aims to develop, validate and then use a novel …
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The impact of chest radiography on the diagnosis, clinical management and outcome of acute lower respiratory infections in children
Background. When available, chest radiography is widely used in acute lower respiratory infections in children. Its impact on clinical outcome is unknown. Methods. A randomised controlled trial was performed of 522 children aged 2 to 59 months who met the World Health Organisation case definition …
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Widened mediastinum on chest radiography as a prompt for further imaging in suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury: 3-year experience at a major trauma centre
… the presence of a widened mediastinum on a chest radiograph (CXR) as the commonest indication for chest computed tomography (CT) in cases of suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI). Evaluating the practical implementation and accuracy of this tool could improve the degree of …
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Optimisation of computed radiography chest imaging utilising a novel simulation technique derived from real patient computed tomography data sets
… optimise any medical digital imaging system for chest radiography, it is vital that the images used for optimisation contain projected anatomy, or in other words, anatomical noise. In this thesis, a method to produce and validate a digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) computer algorithm that …
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An investigation of the influence of radiographic malpositioning and image processing algorithm selection on ICU/CCU chest radiographs
Mobile chest radiography remains the most appropriate test for critical care patients with cardiorespiratory changes and with patients who have chest tubes and lines as a monitoring tool, and to detect complications related to their use. However, one of the most frequent issues recognized …
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An investigation of the influence of radiographic malpositioning and image processing algorithm selection on ICU/CCU chest radiographs
Mobile chest radiography remains the most appropriate test for critical care patients with cardiorespiratory changes and with patients who have chest tubes and lines as a monitoring tool, and to detect complications related to their use. However, one of the most frequent issues recognized …
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An evaluation of digital radiography in the imaging of the neonatal chest.
Neonatal chest radiography is an area where there has been very limited research. The introduction of Computed Radiography (CR) has provided a new imaging modality that can be used to acquire neonatal chest radiographs and possibly reduce the radiation dose. The aim of this thesis was to design a …
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Deep Learning Based Approaches For Low Cost Defense Detection
… may not be accessible in all clinical settings. Chest radiography provides a lower-cost and widely available imaging modality, but interpretation of chest X-rays for fibrotic disease can be challenging due to subtle radiographic patterns and overlapping anatomical structures. This thesis …
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Synthesizing a complete tomographic study with nodules from multiple radiograph views via deep generative models
Chest radiography encodes a 3D anatomy into a complex 2D representation. This projection creates distinctive challenges even for the most experienced radiologists as many critical findings are superimposed, often resulting in error or further imaging. In particular, it is difficult to visualize the …
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Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners
… and pleural lung abnormalities as evidenced by chest radiography.
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Modeling the impact of screening algorithms and prisoner turnover levels on TB transmission in South African prisons
… (1 air change per hour), improved screening with chest radiography and Xpert testing yielded equal or better results compared to improved ventilation (12 air changes per hour) at every level of turnover modeled. This study suggests that the number of prisoners in high-turnover environments should …
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The efficacy of intermittent directly observed isoniazid in preventing tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults with advanced disease
… a symptom questionnaire, measured weight loss, chest radiography, sputum microscopy and culture prior to receiving tuberculosis preventive therapy. Once tuberculosis was excluded, a randomized doubleblind trial was conducted comparing INH with placebo among TST negative status participants with …
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Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia in Children: A Systematic Review and Case Series from South Africa
… (9/12) and diffuse alveolar infiltrates on chest radiography (12/12) were common at presentation. Chest computed tomography revealed ground glass opacification with lower zone predominance (9/9) and interlobular septal thickening (8/9). All bronchoalveolar lavage specimens appeared …
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The long-term respiratory health effects of the herbicide, paraquat, among Western Cape workers
… Spirometry and gas transfer were measured and chest radiographs performed. Oxygen desaturation on exercise testing was by oximetry during a modified stage one exercise test. Results: No association was found between long-term paraquat exposure and reported symptoms, spirometry (FVC, FEVl, …
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Towards Interpretable AI for Longitudinal Disease Monitoring and Clinical Reporting from Chest X-Rays
Chest radiography (CXR) plays a pivotal role in diagnostic imaging for monitoring disease progression and evaluating treatment effectiveness. Despite notable advancements in machine learning, disease progression monitoring remains relatively underexplored. Challenges arise from the specificity of …
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A retrospective audit of the clinical value of routine chest radiographs in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery using medical records
Routine postoperative chest radiography after cardiac surgery is a common practice, although studies, both prospective and retrospective, conducted in their majority outside Africa, have shown that these chest radiographs are of low clinical value, mainly due to limited impact on patient …
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Geometric Deep Learning for Healthcare Applications
… Tracking the progression of pathologies in chest radiography poses several challenges in anatomical motion estimation and image registration as this task requires spatially aligning the sequential X-rays and modelling temporal dynamics in change detection. The first part of this thesis …
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Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Pulmonary Concerns in Remote Spaceflight Triage Environments
… examinations to computed tomography and chest radiography, allowing for successful use in a wide variety of austere environments. Pulmonary injury and illness are among the potential health risks facing astronauts during orbital and suborbital space activities. The implementation of …
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