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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"Chain elongation"”.
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Factors Affecting Translation of Messenger RNA's In Vitro: Use of a GTP Analogue to Investigate Rates of Polypeptide Chain Elongation
<p>The order of addition of amino acids to a growing protein is determined by the codon sequence of a messenger RNA molecule. This translation process was studied in vitro with a cell-free protein synthesis system derived from Escherichia coli. The rate of protein synthesis was proportional to the …
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APPLIED MICROBIAL ECOLOGY OF ANAEROBIC REACTOR MICROBIOMES
… wastes or biomass residues into mainly short-chain carboxylates with two to five carbon atoms. The short-chain carboxylates can be converted into the highly reduced end product methane by methanogenic consortia in anaerobic digestion. Microbial chain elongation such as via the reverse …
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Design and synthesis of mechanistic probes for polyhydroxybutyrate synthases
… catalysis with Cys have been proposed for the chain elongation catalyzed by PhaCs. The first involves an active site composed of two monomers in which the growing hydroxybutyrate (HB) chain alternates between Cys on each monomer. The second involves noncovalent intermediates (HB)[subscript]nCoA …
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ΧΡΗΣΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΣΟΥΛΦΙΔΙΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΟΡΓΑΝΙΚΗ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ. 1) ΜΕΘΟΔΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΣΧΗΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΑΛΛΥΛΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΡΒΑΝΙΟΝΤΩΝ ΜΕΡΙΚΩΣ ΕΝΣΩΜΑΤΩΜΕΝΩΝ ΣΕ ΙΣΟΚΥΚΛΙΚΟΥΣ ΔΑΚΤΥΛΙΟΥΣ 2) ΕΠΙΜΗΚΥΝΣΗ ΑΛΚΥΛΟΜΑΔΟΣ ΟΡΓΑΝΟΛΙΘΙΚΩΝ ΕΝΩΣΕΩΝ
… THE SECOND PART, A NEW METHOD FOR THE ALIPHATIC CHAIN ELONGATION OF ORGANOLITHIUM COMPOUNDS WAS DEVELOPED. THE STARTING MATERIALS WERE PHS-SUBSTITUTED ALKYLHALIDES. THE ELONGATION WAS SUCCEEDED VIA "HETEROCUPRATES".
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STRUCTURE DETERMINATION, BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, AND PROTEIN ENGINEERING OF THE ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DOMAIN FROM 6-DEOXYERYTHRONOLIDE B SYNTHASE
… acyl carrier protein (ACP). ACPs are involved in chain transfer and chain elongation during polyketide biosynthesis. Structural characterization of all seven ACPs could lead to a better understanding of the domain-domain interaction and the mechanism of action of the DEBS complex. Some polyketide …
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Synthesis of fragments of the capsular polysaccharide of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> (serogroup A) suitable for bioconjugation
… protection at the O-4 position. Formation and elongation of the CPS oligomers proceeds through the condensation of anomeric H-phosphonates 6. In order to accommodate this, compounds 2-5 allow for hydrolysis at the position-1 to the corresponding hemi-acetals. These are then converted to the …
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Chemical synthesis of <em>Leishmania </em>lipophosphoglycan structures conjugated to a biotin moiety
… at the D-galactose unit. This meant performing chain elongation from the reducing end, with the first disaccharide unit being capped at the D-mannose anomeric position with a methyl group. Below are examples of the targeted biotinylated phosphoglycan structures to be prepared in this project.
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Protein engineering and bioprospecting for selective hydroxyacid production in engineered Escherichia coli
… also known as coenzyme-A (CoA) dependent chain elongation, can allow for the synthesis of dozens of diverse classes of chemicals. However, this pathway suffers from byproduct formation, which is due to the promiscuous activities of the pathway enzymes. On one hand, this enables the …
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Biotin synthesis in Escherichia coli
… ester moiety is required for recognition and chain elongation of this atypical substrate by the fatty acid synthetic enzymes. The malonyl-thioester methyl ester enters fatty acid synthesis as the primer and undergoes two reiterations of the fatty acid elongation cycle to give pimeloyl-acyl …
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Antiviral Agents: 3,5-Disubstituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives and Novel Peptidomimetics Containing Hydroxyethyl Isostere and Imidazolidinone Structures
… rearrangement to the target imidazolidinone. A chain elongation on the resulting diol with a second amino acid or peptide fragment provides the novel peptidomimetics containing hydroxyethylene isosteres and imidazolidinone structures.</p>
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Structural Insights into TRIM21 Ubiquitination Mechanisms
… enzymes and how it utilizes these for ubiquitin chain formation. Previous work suggested that TRIM21 requires the E2 enzymes Ube2W and Ube2N/Ube2V2 to build K63-linked ubiquitin chains and drive anti-viral function. My work reveals how TRIM21 facilitates ubiquitin transfer and differentiates …
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Production of biofuels in a circular cascading bio-based energy system
… of pyrochar amendment were observed in microbial chain elongation for medium chain fatty acid (MCFA, containing 6-12 carbon atoms) production. Optimal pyrochar addition could achieve 115% more MCFA yield than no pyrochar addition; this was demonstrated to be attributed to the high electrical …
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THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION ELONGATION DEFICITS IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS
… far fewer studies have examined the peptide chain elongation phase in AD. Here, we provide evidence for elongation dysregulation in AD. We examined the two primary facilitators of elongation, eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) and eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). Hippocampal eEF1A …
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF SOME FLAVONOIDS ON DNA TRANSCRIPTION AND CLONING OF LIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE GENE
… transcription by SP6 RNA polymerase at the chain elongation step. The exact mechanism however remains to be elucidated. The interesting results obtained from the in-vitro run-off transcription experiments provided the impetus to clone a gene which could serve to illustrate these effects …
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Phosphorylation of polyglycans, especially glycogen and starch
… as they consist of α-1,6 branched α-1,4 glucan chains. Synthesis and degradation of transitory starch and of glycogen are accomplished by a set of enzymatic activities that to some extend are also similar in plants and animals. Chain elongation, branching, and debranching are achieved by …