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Showing 1 to 20 of 67 for “"Centrosome"”.
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Characterizing Components of the Dictyostelium Centrosome
Three functionally important centrosomal proteins from Dictyostelium were identified, cloned and characterized. The work focuses on the Dictyostelium-homologue of centrin and two proteins belonging to soluble gamma-tubulin complexes in other organisms.
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Structural and Molecular Mechanisms of Centrosome Assembly and Strength
The outermost layer of centrosomes, called pericentriolar material (PCM), organizes microtubules for mitotic spindle assembly. The molecular interactions that enable PCM to assemble and resist external forces are poorly understood. To answer such question, we use cross-linking mass spectrometry …
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Characterising the function of CDK5RAP2 in the vertebrate centrosome
The centrosome is the major microtubule organising centre in vertebrate cells. CDK5RAP2 is a human protein that localises to the centrosome. At the start of this thesis work, the function of CDK5RAP2 was uncharacterised. Significantly, cdk5rap2 is one of several centrosomal genes that are mutated …
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The chronic response to centrosome loss-induced cell cycle exit
The centrosome is a membrane-less organelle which primarily functions as a microtubule organising centre in eukaryotic cells, to allow normal progress through the cell cycle. While centrosome amplification in the absence of p53 is a well-established feature of cancers, more recently centrosome loss …
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Functional analyses of microtubule and centrosome-associated proteins in Dictyostelium discoideum
… Dictyostelium TACC was localized at the centrosome throughout the entire cell cycle. The protein was also detected at microtubule plus ends, however, unexpectedly only during interphase but not during mitosis. The same cell cycle-dependent localization pattern was observed for CP224, the …
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Centrosome-organized plasma membrane infoldings linked to growth of a cortical actin domain
… are involved in mediating cell shape change. The centrosome is an organelle that can organize cortical domains and affect PM topography by locally pulling the PM inward. Is the role of the centrosome in organizing cortical domains and changing PM topography coupled? At the syncytial Drosophila …
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The evolution of centrosome and chromosome number in newly formed tetraploid human cells
… also confer cells with double the number of centrosomes, the small membraneless organelle that organizes the cell's microtubule cytoskeleton and mitotic spindle apparatus. Centrosome number homeostasis is crucial for health, and recent studies have shown inducing extra centrosomes in cells …
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The dual use of cohesin and its protector Sgo1 contributes to the choreography of the chromosome and the centrosome cycle
Supernumerous centrosomes cause chromosome mis-segregation and genomic instability, thereby likely contributing to the development of cancer. Centrosome duplication in S phase requires the preceding licensing step in late mitosis/early G1 phase, centriole disengagement. Reminiscent of the control …
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Regulation of mitotic spindle biogenesis in budding yeast
… the mitotic spindle is critically dependent on centrosome duplication (spindle pole body or SPB in yeast), separation of sister centrosomes and microtubule dynamics. Activation of Cdc28 (Cdk1) by tyrosine-19 dephosphorylation is essential for centrosome separation, the first step in bipolar …
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Identification of centrosomal proteomes using COMPACT, a novel tool for purification of centrosomes
Centrosomes are small cytoplasmic organelles that play a critical role in multiple cellular processes; from mitotic spindle assembly and cell division, to cell migration, invasion and polarity. The human centrosome consists of two cylindrical structures known as centrioles, decorated at their …
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Mapping the cell cycle-dependent centrosomal interactome
… are crucial for deciphering cell fate. The centrosome is a non-membrane-bound organelle that acts as the primary microtubule organizing centre and is believed to act as a central hub for numerous cell cycle regulators. Consistent with this view, multiple cell cycle regulatory proteins have …
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Functional characterization of the novel centrosomal protein Nlp (ninein-like protein)
The centrosome is the major microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) in animal cells. Most microtubules (MTs) emanate from the centrosome, where gamma-tubulin ring complexes (gammaTuRCs) act as templates for MT nucleation. During interphase, the centrosome organizes a MT array that imparts shape and …
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Identification and Analysis of A Novel Role For The to usled-Like Kinase In Regulating Mitotic Spindle Dynamics
… lagging chromosomes, and supernumerary centrosomes.</p> <p>I discovered an unanticipated requirement for TLK-1 in mitotic spindle assembly and positioning. Normally, in the newly-fertilized zygote (P<sub>0</sub>) the maternal pronucleus migrates toward the paternal pronucleus at the …
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Consequences of Plk4 overexpression in mouse pancreatic organoids
… kinase 4 (Plk4), the master regulator of centrosome duplication, leads to centrosome amplification, a common feature of cancer, including pancreatic cancer. Previous studies have shown that overexpression of Plk4 in mice carrying a doxycycline-inducible Plk4 transgene (Plk4OE) causes …
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How TCR signal strength controls CTL polarisation for target killing
… followed by polarisation and docking of the centrosome to the junction of the two cells, the immune synapse (IS). This focuses secretion of the cytolytic components, perforin and granzyme, from modified lysosomes to kill the target cell. My PhD has utilised amino acid substitutions in the …
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Towards the understanding of pericentriolar satellite biology
… (PS) are electron dense granules surrounding the centrosome, the major microtubule-organizing centre in eukaryotic cells. In cycling cells the centrosome promotes spindle assembly and the faithful execution of mitosis. In non-cycling cells it is involved in forming the cilium, a plasma …
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Epitranscriptional Control of the Caspase-2—MDM2—p53 Axis: The Role of the m6A Writer in p53 Signaling.
The centrosome serves as the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells, orchestrating essential processes such as spindle assembly and cell cycle progression. Centrosome amplification and cytokinesis failure are hallmarks of genomic instability, often observed in precancerous …
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The Effects of RHAMM on Cell Division, Cell Motility, and Tumorigenesis
… RHAMMΔ163 binds to the mitotic spindle and centrosomes via a C-terminal leucine zipper; these interactions are predicted to regulate genomic stability and cell polarity and proposed to account for the oncogenic function of RHAMMΔ163. We hypothesized that RHAMM leucine zipper maintains …
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Cell cycle control governing built-in asymmetry underlying the spindle pole body duplication cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… with an invariant age-dependent pattern of centrosome inheritance. Self- renewal supports tissue homeostasis by providing, in a balanced manner, one daughter cell retaining stemness and another daughter cell set to differentiate. Such balance is central to avoid tumourigenesis. Age-dependent …
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