Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 93 for “"Cell receptors"”.
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Engineering human single-chain T cell receptors
The alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) is responsible for mediating T cell recognition of self and non-self tissues, through recognition between a complex of a peptide and a product of the major histocompatibility complex (pepMHC) on target cells. In the immune response to cancerous tissue, the …
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Engineering T Cell Receptors for Potential Therapeutic Applications
… selections have involved incubating yeast cells with fluorescently labeled recombinant pepMHC ligand. Many pepMHC ligands are difficult to express and purify, so an alternative affinity selection strategy that obviates the need for this material would likewise facilitate affinity …
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Engineering and Characterization of High-Affinity T Cell Receptors
In Chapter 6, the role of TCR affinity in T cell activation was studied using CD8-negative T cells, as well as T cells expressing the co-receptor CD8. The peptide sensitivity of T cells that expressed the highest-affinity TCRs reached a plateau, suggesting the existence of an affinity maximum for T …
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Intratumoral B and T cell receptors: reconstruction and analysis
When cells divide, mistakes happen. However, an intricate surveillance system has evolved to detect and eliminate anomalous cells before they become detrimental to the host organism. In cancer, abnormal cells manage to escape the immune system and grow uncontrollably. In this sense, cancer can be …
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Engineering and characterizing human T cell receptors for cancer immunotherapies
The T cell receptor (TCR) is an heterodimer that binds to a short peptide bound to a product of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The chains each contain variable (V) and constant (C) region domains, followed by a transmembrane region. Each V domain contains three loops, called …
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Engineering and characterization of human single-chain T cell receptors
All nucleated cells display a sampling of their protein contents in the form of short 9-10 amino acid peptides bound to a product of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the cell surface. This class of MHC-restricted antigens provides the broadest class of potential disease targets, as the …
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Recognition of hepatitis B epitopes by T cell receptors and T cell receptor-like antibodies
T cells play a vital role in the adaptive immune response against viral infections. Virus-specific T cells recognize infected cells through a heterodimeric surface receptor known as the αβ T cell receptor (TCR). The TCR recognizes a peptide epitope presented by a product of the major …
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Engineering T Cell Receptors to Examine the Role of Affinity and *Kinetics in T Helper Cell Function
Chapter five details the engineering of a class II restricted human TCR isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis called 3A6. Yeast display of TCRs has previously relied on the use of an antibody specific for a properly folded TCR, here various strategies were used to generate stabilized 3A6 …
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The Use of High-Affinity T Cell Receptors to Study Specificity in the 2C T Cell System
… virus or tumor antigens (peptide-MHC) on the cell surface. In addition, the TCRs would provide a useful probe for tracking the processing and presentation of specific antigens. Chapter 6 discusses the development of soluble single-chain TCRs with enhanced properties, such as increased avidity …
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Adoptive cell therapy using primary T lymphocytes with genetically engineered T cell receptors against melanoma and glioma
… results, including therapy with adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of T lymphocytes. T cell immunotherapy is highly attractive because T cells have the ability to selectively recognize and destroy malignant neoplastic cells. Although a promising approach, one of the limitations encountered …
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Autosomal random asynchronous replication is analogous to X-chromosome inactivation
… a number of autosomal genes, including odorant receptors, immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors, interleukins, natural killer-cell receptors, and pheromone receptors. Random asynchronous replication of DNA in S-phase represents an epigenetic mark that often parallels monoallelic expression. All …
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Golgi Specificity and Development of Autoreactive B Cells
<p>B cell receptors with certain heavy/light chain pairs predominate in the periphery of anti-DNA heavy chain transgenic mice while certain other B cell receptors are absent. We wanted to know why. To answer this, we re-constructed B cell receptors represented in the anti-DNA transgenic mice by …
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Influence of Extracellular Matrix Stiffness and Topography on Neuronal Cell Behavior and Neurite Outgrowth
… is on the promotion and growth of neuronal cells. In vitro research attempts to improve this by modifying the stiffness and topography of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the limitations of in vitro experiments make it difficult to control the individual factors influencing neuronal …
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Statistical physics of T cell receptor development and antigen specificity
… made in understanding pertinent molecular and cellular phenomena, the mechanistic principles that govern many aspects of an immune response are not known. In this thesis, I illustrate how complementary approaches from the physical and life sciences can help confront this challenge. …
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Model systems for the retargeting of T cell-mediated immunity to tumor antigens
B cells and T cells are involved in the response against foreign antigens. Specificity of B cells is determined by antibodies while the specificity of T cells is determined by similar proteins called T-cell receptors. One function of T cells is surveillance against tumor cells. Progressing tumors …
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Determination of class II peptide-MHC repertoires and recognition via large yeast-displayed libraries
T cells occupy essential roles throughout the immune system to prevent and limit disease. As such, breakdowns in their function and recognition underlie poor clinical outcomes across diverse maladies including pathogen infection, cancer, autoimmunity, allergies, and transplant rejection. Yet, when …
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Impact of West Nile Virus Envelope Domain III Surface Loop Residues on Antigenicity and Virulence
… antibodies, and is thought to bind the host cell receptors. To determine the role of individual surface loop residues in the function and antigenicty of WNV EIII, a panel of mutants was generated. Changes in antibody neutralization, in vitro replication kinetics, and in vivo virulence were …
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Impact of West Nile Virus Envelope Domain III Surface Loop Residues on Antigenicity and Virulence
… antibodies, and is thought to bind the host cell receptors. To determine the role of individual surface loop residues in the function and antigenicty of WNV EIII, a panel of mutants was generated. Changes in antibody neutralization, in vitro replication kinetics, and in vivo virulence were …
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Tsyn-Seq: A T Cell Synapse-Based Antigen Identification Platform
… histocompatibility complex targets of T-cell receptors (TCRs) are not yet universally available. We present a new antigen screening method, the T-synapse (Tsyn) reporter system, which includes antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with a Fas-inducible NF-κB reporter and T cells with a nuclear …
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