Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 78 for “"Cell identity"”.
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Molecular control of embryonic stem cell identity
Embryonic Stem (ES) cells are the in vitro derivatives of the inner cell mass of a developing embryo, and exhibit the property of pluripotency, which is the ability of a cell to give rise to all cell lineages of an organism. Therefore, these cells hold great promise in the treatment of several …
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P53 Maintains Hepatic Cell Identity During Liver Regeneration
<p>p53 MAINTAINS HEPATIC CELL IDENTITY DURING LIVER REGENERATION</p> <p>Zeynep Hande Coban Akdemir, B.S.,M.A.</p> <p>Advisory Professor: Michelle Craig Barton, Ph.D.</p> <p>p53 is a tumor suppressor that has been well studied in tumor-derived, cultured cells. However, its functions in normal …
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Regulation of cell-identity maintenance in C. elegans
Multicellular organisms are composed of a huge variety of different cell types, defined by their unique morphology, function, and gene expression. In animals, these characteristics are established during development, where internal and external cues guide the determination and differentiation of …
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Transcriptional and structural control of cell identity genes
Mammals contain a wide array of cell types with distinct functions, yet nearly all cell types have the same genomic DNA. How the genetic instructions in DNA are selectively interpreted by cells to specify various cellular functions is a fundamental question in biology. This thesis work describes …
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Mechanisms for Maintaining Cell Identity in C.elegans Olfactory Neurons
<p>Maintenance of cell identity is a complex process that depends on developmentally determined transcriptional states and on environmental input. In neurons, which are both highly differentiated and highly sensitive to external stimuli, maintenance of identity is especially challenging. In this …
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Probabilistic models to resolve cell identity and tissue architecture
Cell identity drives cell-cell communication and tissue architecture and is in return regulated by cell-extrinsic cues. Cell identity is determined by the combination of intrinsic developmentally established transcription factor use (TF) and constitutive as well as cell communication-dependent TF …
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LNCFOXP3 CONTROLS CELL IDENTITY AND FUNCTION OF HUMAN REGULATORY T CELLS
Regulatory T cells (Treg) control immunological responses through suppression of effector cells, playing crucial roles both in physiological and pathological contexts. Treg suppressive activity correlates with the tightly regulated expression and stability of their master transcription factor …
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CROSSTALK BETWEEN PRC1 AND PRC2 IN INTESTINAL LINEAGE COMMITMENT AND CELL IDENTITY
… Complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2) control cell identity by establishing facultative heterochromatin repressive domains at common sets of target genes, from the early stages of development to adulthood. How they functionally preserve transcriptional silencing has been deeply explored in …
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TCF4 Is a Key Mediator of Cell Identity and Oncogenesis in Neuroblastoma
… that derive from the multipotent neural crest cells (NCCs) of the peripheral nervous system. NB accounts for more than 15% of all childhood cancer-related deaths. Despite the most intensive multimodal therapy, more than 50% of patients with high-risk NB relapse with often fatal, resistant …
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PHF6 is a novel regulator of B-cell identity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
… PHF6 are seen in approximately 20% of adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias and 3% of adult acute myeloid leukemias. The notable absence of PHF6 mutations in B-cell lineage malignancies has led to the hypothesis that PHF6 may act as a lineage-specific tumor suppressor gene. Recent work …
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Chromatin accessibility informs cell identity: studies in silico, in vitro, and in vivo
… provides key regulation in defining cell identity as it exhibits control over the ability of transcription factors and transcriptional machinery to bind to regulatory elements and initiate changes to gene expression. In this thesis I elaborate on the intricate relationships between …
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Studying the principles of cell identity transitions using naïve pluripotency induction as a model
In multicellular biology, an astounding array of cellular identities are specified from the same genome, by drawing on a finite pool of transcription factors and signalling pathways in different permutations. How are signal and transcription network interplay computed by the cell to instruct …
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Twist1 and Etv5 are part of a transcription factor network defining T helper cell identity
CD4 T helper cells control immunity to pathogens and the development of inflammatory disease by acquiring the ability to secrete effector cytokines. Cytokine responsiveness is a critical component of the ability of cells to respond to the extracellular milieu by activating Signal Transducer and …
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CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EPIGENOMIC PROFILE SHAPING HUMAN FOXP3+ REGULATORY T CELL IDENTITY IN THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT
… of the anti-tumor immune response. Cancer cells orchestrate several mechanisms to grow unchecked while promoting a suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this context, CD4+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) have emerged as a major immunosuppressive population sustaining cancer …
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Sustained Depolarization of the Resting Membrane Potential Regulates Muscle Progenitor Cell Growth and Maintains Stem Cell Identity in vitro
… the myogenic properties of muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) during in vitro expansion for stem cell therapies and tissue engineering applications. Controlling cell fate for biomedical interventions will require insight on all aspects that influence cellular properties. The resting membrane …
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Sox2 co-occupies distal enhancer elements with cell-type-specific POU factors to specify cell identity in embryonic stem cells and neural precursor cells
Sox2 is a master regulator of two distinct cellular states, that of pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and multipotent neural progenitor cells (NPCs), but what common or distinct roles Sox2 may play in these cell types not fully understood. Further, the molecular mechanisms by which Sox2 can …
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Integrative multi-omics dissection of cancer cell states and susceptibility
Cancer cells are characterized by a broad spectrum of unique genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional states, which are often concomitant with high degrees of plasticity in cell identity. These cell states and the fluidity therein are a major source of resistance to both chemotherapy and targeted …
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THE IMPACT OF REPLICATION STRESS ON THE EPIGENOME OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
… structure guide differentiation and define cell identity during embryogenesis. To maintain cell identity and genome integrity, epigenetic marks are faithfully inherited during DNA replication through tightly coordinated processes. Our recent work demonstrated that disruption of DNA …
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Insights into gene regulation by genome structure, phase separation and developmental signaling
… that give rise to hundreds of different cell types with unique cellular identities. Regulation of protein-coding and long non-coding RNA genes by RNA polymerase II is carried out by the coordinated action of transcription factors and cofactors. Transcription factors can be cell-type …
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Epigenetic regulation by 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and its implications for epidermal stem cell behavior
… consequences for embryonic development, stem cell identity, and ultimately organ homeostasis. Keratinocyte stem cells (KSC) maintain a healthy skin barrier by replenishing dead keratinocytes lost during daily turnover, injury, or pathological disturbances. In atopic dermatitis (AD) and …
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