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Showing 1 to 20 of 67 for “"Cardiac Hypertrophy"”.
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Insulin -Like Growth Factors Regulate Cardiac Hypertrophy
… IGF-I or IGF-I receptor antibodies also lead to hypertrophy of adult cardiomyocytes. This induction appears to be mediated by the local production of IGF-II, that this growth factor then stimulates the hypertrophy via an IGF-I receptor-independent, IGF-II-responsive pathway that likely involves …
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FHL2 Inhibits Calcineurin and Represses Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy
Stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy is a hallmark feature of pathological remodeling which, left unchecked, predisposes hearts to arrhythmia and failure. FHL2 is a member of the four-and-a-half LIM domain (FHL) family of proteins expressed predominantly in the heart. Targeted disruption of FHL2 …
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Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs Modulating Cardiac Hypertrophy
… stimuli; in most cases, a phase of compensated hypertrophy evolves into frank dysfunction and heart failure. To identify microRNAs able to prevent cardiac hypertrophy and preserve cardiac function, we performed a high-content microscopy, high-throughput functional screening for human microRNAs …
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Characterization Of Pregnancy Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy In Rats
… compensate for fetal development, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy. For the majority of women, this physiological cardiac hypertrophy resolves following pregnancy. Prolonged cardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure. We propose that by studying the biochemical mechanisms that mediate healthy …
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Regulation Of The Tubulin Code In Cardiac Hypertrophy And Failure
… microtubule network underlies cellular growth in cardiac hypertrophy and contributes to contractile dysfunction in heart failure. Yet how the heart achieves this modified network is poorly understood. Determining how the “tubulin code” – the permutations of tubulin isoforms and post-translational …
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Caspase-dependent Signaling as an Inductive Cue for Cardiac Hypertrophy
… and myocardium enlargement, referred to as cardiac hypertrophy, is a common form of stress adaptation. Divergent forms of hypertrophy can occur depending on the type and duration of the insult. The beneficial physiological form of hypertrophy is reversible and leads to improved cardiac …
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Molecular Basis of Sex Differences in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure
… are known to contribute to the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. It is well established that premenopausal females possess a lower incidence of these pathologies. We and others have observed a greater level of fibrosis in male hearts compared to female hearts in rodent …
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Cardiac PI3Kα Signaling and K+ Channel Regulation in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure
Pathologic biomechanical stresses cause cardiac hypertrophy, which is associated with QT prolongation and increased risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Previous studies demonstrated that repolarizing K<super>+</super> current densities are decreased in pressure overload-induced left …
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Cardiac hypertrophy and the dynamic changes in structure and function after pressure overload
Introduction: Cardiac hypertrophy establishes itself when the heart has to pump against an increased resistance in the vasculature. Contrary to exercise-induced hypertrophy, pathological hypertrophy is characterized by an increased amount of interstitial collagen, induction of foetal-type genes, …
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Elucidating the Role of Two Inotropic Agents in Cardiac Hypertrophy: the Ceramides and Apelins
… (CERS5/6) on cardiomyocyte health and induced hypertrophy. In this work, we demonstrate that the VLC and LC ceramides play contrasting roles in cardiomyocyte health. The silencing of CERS2 in healthy cardiomyocytes leads to pathway changes indicative of a decline in cardiomyocyte health, while …
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Mechanical Property and Phenotype Characterization of an in vitro Model for Afterload-triggered Cardiac Hypertrophy
… has also revealed that conditions that increase cardiac afterload, like obesity and hypertension, worsen HCM patients’ prognosis. Among research models of HCM, in vitro models that use patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiated cardiomyocytes are especially promising …
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The Transcription Factor TFEB Protects Against Cardiac Hypertrophy by Increasing Lysosomal Capacity and Activating AMPKα
… in the modern world. Stress-induced pathological hypertrophy is observed in most forms of heart disease. Pathological cardiac remodeling is a hallmark of impending heart failure. Lysosome-assisted processes such as autophagy and mitophagy play important roles in this remodeling, as do signaling …
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The effects of ethanolamine and magnesium on cardiac and neurological function in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction and cardiac hypertrophy models in adult Wistar rats Christie Nicole Garson.
… MI can result in pump dysfunction, inducing cardiac hypertrophy which may become maladaptive leading to heart failure (HF). In the brain, MI is associated with psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression. Many pharmacological agents have been identified to modulate MI and …
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The regulation of protein synthesis in adult rat cardiomyocytes
… agents such as phenylephrine (PE) that activates hypertrophy in the heart. Cardiac hypertrophy involves an increase in the muscle mass of the heart, principally in the left ventricular muscle, and the increase is due to enlarged cell size, not increased cell number. A pivotal element of cardiac …
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Characterisation of cardiac remodeling associated with pregnancy: providing insights to peripartum cardiomyopathy
… However, pregnancy can induce adverse cardiac events in previously healthy women without any known cardiovascular disease. Understanding of the maternal cardiovascular adaptation during healthy pregnancy is important to identify deviations from regular patterns caused by pathological …
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Mechanisms and Functional Consequences of Cardiac Remodeling: Role of Myocardial Rac1 and Vascular Profilin1 Genes
… of myocardial human Rac1 in the development of cardiac remodeling and heart failure in both animal and human patients. However, nothing is known about the effects of nonmammalian Rac protein on the mammalian heart. In an exciting discovery, we showed in chapter 2 of this thesis that a …
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Probiotic therapy for heart failure: Investigating the potential anti-hypertrophic properties of probiotics
… a five-year 50% mortality rate, due to impaired cardiac function and hypertrophy of the heart. Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Considering the established cardiovascular benefits of some probiotics, including …
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Investigations into the influence and role of tissue factor in the pathogenesis of myocardial hypertrophy
… role in the induction and/or progression of cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of this thesis was to examine the relationship between TF and the onset of cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was achieved by aortic constriction in male Sprague-Dawely rats. TF levels increased in cardiac tissue …
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New Advances on the Biochemical Pathways in the Reninangiotensin System in Hypertension and their role in Cardiac Structure and Function
… disease and heart failure are hyperension and cardiac hypertrophy. Although the incidence of heart disease has been declining since 1999, it is still the number one killer accounting for 27% of all deaths in the United States in 2005, the latest year for which data are available. Moreover, …
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