Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"Carbapenems"”.
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Predictors of Carbapenem Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria in a Consortium of Academic Medical Center Hospitals
… infections and it may become resistant to carbapenems. In addition, newer threats to the future utility of the carbapenems are carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae Purpose: To determine if there is an association between the volume and composition of antibiotic use, geography, severity of …
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Characterization of β-lactamases and Porins in Uropathogenic E. coli
… porin defects can confer resistance to the carbapenems when paired with the production of the ESBLs and AmpCs. In this study, the mRNA and protein expression of the plasmid-borne β-lactamases, CMY-2, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, and KPC and the protein production of the porins, OmpC and OmpF in E. …
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Mobilome and antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
… cephalosporins (such as ceftazidime) and carbapenems (such as imipenem and meropenem) represent important treatment options for infections caused by this microorganism. Nevertheless, the number of strains resistant to these antibiotics has been increasing during the last decade. The …
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The postantibiotic effect of the carbapenem antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria
… by a wide variety of microorganisms. At present, carbapenems and penems are the only members of the -lactam group of antimicrobial agents that exhibit a significant PAE on Gram-negative bacilli. A standardised method was developed to evaluate the in vitro PAE of three carbapenems; imipenem, …
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Investigations of Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella species and associated clinical considerations
… quinolones, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and carbapenems. Resistance to β-lactams is mediated via extended-spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC type β-lactamases and carbapenemases combined with porin loss. Carbapenems are the antibiotics of last resort. The emergence of carbapenemase-producing …
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Using wildlife to biomonitor for antimicrobial resistance in the Scottish environment
… of clinical resistance to fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, 3rd gen. cephalosporins, and genes associates with extended spectrum β-lactamase resistance were detected. We also investigated the use of freshwater invertebrates as a biomonitoring tool. We utilised invertebrate samples to obtain …
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A ten-year review of ESBL and non-ESBL Escherichia Coli Bloodstream infections among children at a tertiary referral hospital in South Africa
… None of the E. coli isolates were resistant to carbapenems or colistin. The mortality rate was 5.9% and admission to the intensive care unit was required in 12.3% of BSI episodes. Predictors of severe disease included age less than 1 month, hospitalization in the 28-day period preceding E. coli …
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Identification and characterisation of cephalosporins and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Misrata, Libya
… bacilli showing resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems respectively, have been reported from several countries globally and recently among Libyan combatants who have been transferred to European countries for advanced medical care. However, there is a lack of data about their presence in …
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Optimization of a Method for Testing Ballast Water for Enterococci and an Investigation on the Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance in Vibrio cholerae
… 2012. Resistance to penicillins, monobactams, carbapenems, second-, third- and fourth- generation cephalosporins were tested by disk diffusion. Genotypic analysis of the resistance determinants was performed by PCR to detect ESBL (blaCTX, blaTEM, blaSHV), carbapenemases (blaIMP, blaSPM, blaVIM, …
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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP): a retrospective review of all children diagnosed with a VAP during 2017 and 2018, in the PICU, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital.
… Klebsiella pneumoniae sensitive to Amikacin and carbapenems. Conclusion: Our VAP rate has not decreased further since 2013. The VAP rate was slightly higher in 2018, and it is imperative that we improve compliance with the VAP bundle, in order to reduce VAP rates. Klebsiella pneumoniae and …
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Discovery and optimization of inhibitors and probes that target New Delhi metallo-[beta]-lactamase
… of β-lactam antibiotics including last resort carbapenems. This has placed NDM-expressing bacteria on the Center of Disease Control’s list of “urgent threats”, its highest-ranking level of concern. The emergence of NDM variants with low catalytic residue conservation makes it difficult to …
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The role of international ‘high-risk clones’ in the emergence of metallo-b-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa in the UK
… (MBLs) encoding resistance to carbapenems and other β-lactam antibiotics – which are important agents for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections – are increasingly reported in the species worldwide. This study aimed to characterise a comprehensive collection of MBL-producing …
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Studies of the nature of Burkholderia cepacia in cystic fibrosis
… of resistance to antibiotics, including the carbapenems. Considering this, carbapenemase production by isolates of B. cepacia was investigated. A metallo-β-lactamase from a clinical strain of B. cepacia was isolated and partially purified of using Cibacron blue F3GA-coupled agarose. The …
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Diversity of acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Egypt
… in plasmids and chromosome particularly to carbapenems The aim of this thesis is to look at the molecular epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of 34 non-duplicate A. baumannii in two cancer centres in Cairo, Egypt. Initial sequencing of the ubiquitous blaOXA-51-like gene revealed a large …
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Neonatal Sepsis And Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns At A South African Tertiary Nursery – Evolution Over A 15 Year Period
… and aminoglycosides but remained sensitive to carbapenems. Conclusions The initial reduction in positive blood cultures from 2004 to 2013 was primarily due to the reduction of contaminants, probably reflecting improved blood sampling techniques. The large reduction in Gram-negative organisms …
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Investigation of Biofilm Development by Antibiotic Resistant Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Products on Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli IMP and Klebsiella pneumoniae NDM-1.
… pathogenic bacterial strains. Resistance to carbapenems is of major concern because they are typically used as a treatment of last resort for infections associated with UTI pathogens. The ability of these pathogens to develop resistance to carbapenems has been linked to the formation of …
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Carbapenem and piperacillin-tazobactam prescribing in a hospital setting in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia : a mixed methodology study
… study,which included adult patient data on carbapenems (imipenem/cilastatin ormeropenem) and piperacillin/tazobactam use retrieved from a hospital database forthe period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017, was conducted followed by aqualitative study of physicians' views and perceptions …
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Identification of new therapeutic compounds against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae using a novel agar-based high-throughput microarray compound screening approach
… care. The most important of these drugs are carbapenems – a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics reserved for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The emergence of carbapenem resistance has resulted in limited or ineffective treatment options for MDR K. …
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Time series analysis for evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship interventions
… The interventions aimed to reduce the use of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam in Scotland and the first intervention was the introduction of a treatment guideline for infection with multidrug resistant Gram negative bacteria (MDRGNB). The second intervention was a quality improvement …
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Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanisms That Contribute to Variation in Susceptibility Testing Show the Need for Alternative Detection Methods of KPC-producing Gram-negative Bacteria
… KPC β-lactamase can efficiently hydrolyze the carbapenems, multiple studies have reported variability in susceptibility testing of KPC-producing clinical isolates. The first hypothesis tested in this dissertation was that the variation observed during susceptibility testing was due to …
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