Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 68 for “"Calpain"”.
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Elucidating Isoform Specific Roles of Calpain-1 and Calpain-2 in Breast Cancer
… disease. This study investigated the roles of calpain-1 and calpain-2 in metastatic breast cancer. Genetic knockout of CAPN1, CAPN2, and CAPNS1 genes allowed us to analyze the functions of these two calpain isoforms in the MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer model cell line and to …
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Targeting Calpain-1 and Calpain-2 for Prevention of Breast Cancer Metastasis: In Vivo Insights and Drug Discovery Approaches
… decline in breast cancer patients’ survival. Calpain-1 and -2, ubiquitous calcium-dependent cysteine proteases, are a potential novel therapeutic target in cancer as they are upregulated in multiple cancer subtypes, including breast cancer, and have been implicated in tumor progression, …
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Calpain 9 Functions in TNF Receptor Mediated Apoptosis
… high-throughput siRNA screen and identified Calpain 9, CAPN9, as a novel component of TNF-alpha induced apoptosis. CAPN9 knockdown does not affect TNF-a secretion, yet is essential for downstream activation. Two splice variants are reported for CAPN9. The smaller splice, CAPN9-SP2, is …
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N-terminomics/proteomics investigation of Calpain-2 substrates
Calpains are a family of intracellular cysteine proteases that require calcium for activation. Calpain-1 and -2, first described as the classical calpains due to their ubiquitous expression, are part of this larger 15-member family in humans and share similar patterns of expression and structural …
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Calpain inhibitor design inspired by the natural inhibitor calpastatin
Calpains are cysteine proteases that depend on Ca2+ for activation. They have many roles in the cell; hence modifications of calpains or changes in their levels of activity can lead to altered physiological states. Thus, it is of great interest and medical relevance to design inhibitors that can …
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The characterisation of calpain-like proteins in Trypanosoma brucei
Calpains are a ubiquitous family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases involved in a wide range of cell regulatory and differentiation processes. In many protozoan organisms, atypical calpains have been discovered that lack the characteristic calcium-binding penta-EF-hand motif of typical …
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PALMITATE INDUCED ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION: THE ROLE OF CALPAIN, AMPK AND ENOS
… our study demonstrated that endothelial calpain, a calcium dependent protease associated with endothelial dysfunction, was activated by palmitate, specifically its μ-calpain isoform. Altogether, these data suggested that a new role of calpain as a key mediator of palmitate induced …
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Postmortem energy metabolisms' role in calpain activation, inhibition, and subsequent function
The calpain system is the most extensively studied group of proteases involved in postmortem beef tenderization. Tenderness is a critical quality characteristic that significantly influences consumer satisfaction and repeat purchases. Among the various proteolytic systems active in muscle after …
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Investigation into the lipid activation of calpain and its role in cataract formation
… is easily administered and equally effective. Calpains are Ca2+dependent intracellular proteases and several of these enzymes are believed to participate in cataractogenesis. Calpain 2 is the major isoform of calpain involved in human cataractogenesis and its activation appears to be …
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Synthesis of Novel Sulfonamide-Based Calpain Inhibitors and Their Potential as Anti-Tumor Agents
<p>Calpain is a class of intracellular cytoplasmic cysteine proteases.1 The enzyme participates in different intracellular signaling pathways that are mediated by Ca2+.2 The two major isoforms of calpain universally distributed in most mammalian tissues are calpain 1 (µ-calpain) and calpain 2 …
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Increased Mitochondrial Calpain-1 Is an Important Mechanism Contributing to Mitochondrial ROS Generation in Cardiac Diseases
Both calpain activation and excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. We investigated whether and how calpain regulates mtROS generation in mediating cardiac diseases. In mouse models of streptozotocin-induced type-1 …
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Increased structure-bound proteolytic activity in maturing dystrophic skeletal muscle
… (Zeman et al., 1985). Increased levels of calpain, a calcium-dependent protease have been reported as early as age 4 weeks in mdx (dystrophin-deficient) mice (Spencer et al., 1995). Increased calpain activity has been demonstrated in mdx myotubes (Alderton et al., 2000a). There is also …
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The activity and content of calpains in maturing dystrophic muscle membranes
Increased calcium-activated calpain proteolysis in the sarcolemma membrane is thought to be a primary mechanism in the pathophysiology of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). However, few studies have tested this possibility prior to the overt signs of the dystrophy. The purpose of this study was to …
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Exploring the effect of genetic calpain disruption on cell migration, invasion, drug sensitivity, and metastasis in triple negative breast cancer
… reported to promote spread to secondary sites. Calpains are a family of calcium-activated proteases that have emerged as a potential target in triple-negative breast cancer. Calpains cleave substrates involved in various cell signalling pathways associated with tumourigenesis and metastasis. …
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In vitro proteolysis of ovine lens crystallins by calpain II : A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours
… human blindness worldwide and it is thought that calpain-induced degradation of the major lens proteins, the crystallins, is an important component in many types of cataract.. At Lincoln University, a heritable cataract in sheep is being studied. The aim of this project was to set up an in vitro …
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Design and synthesis and testing of conformationally constrained peptidomimetics.
… Chapter Three introduces cysteine protease calpain II as the primary biological target for this thesis. Calpain is implicated in cataract formation and its inhibition is a logical approach to cataract prevention. Proteases are known to, almost universally, bind substrates and inhibitors in a …
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The development of a method to deliver neuroprotective peptides specifically into stroke-affected neurons
… events triggered is the activation of the enzyme calpain, a protease whose action is dependent on the intracellular concentration of calcium, which is known to be elevated during excitotoxicity. In this thesis, I hypothesize that neuroprotective drugs can be better accumulated into stroke-affected …
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Effects of four weeks of daily soy or dairy milk ingestion on the exercise-induced proteolytic responses in plasma and skeletal muscle in a post-menopausal female population.
… decade of life. Evidence indicates that the calpain and ubiquitin proteolytic degradation pathways account for the majority of myofibrillar protein degradation seen with muscle atrophy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of daily consumption of soy or dairy milk in older …
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Non-lysosomal protein degrading systems in chicken skeletal muscle
… the roles played by the ubiquitin-dependent and calpain pathways in protein degradation in chicken skeletal muscles, biochemical studies were conducted on components of these two systems as well as their potential endogenous and exogenous substrates. ATP- and ubiquitin-dependent breakdown of …
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