Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"CXR"”.
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Interreadervarianz bei der HRCT- und CXR-Befundung in einer Längsschnittstudie bei ehemals asbeststaubexponierten Personen
In preventive medical ckeckups of formerly asbestos-exposed persons the computer tomography (CT) is gaining an increasing influence besides the standard x-ray scans. A number of studies has been performed to investigate the interreader variance of two observers evaluating radiographic appearances …
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Evaluation of the utility of specific CXR features for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in young children using multiple readers
… can be notoriously difficult. The chest X-ray (CXR) is a significant diagnostic resource in the detection of PTB in children. However, non-specific radiological features combined with variable inter-observer assessment s contribute to diagnostic uncertainty. The CXR would be of most value when …
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Image Features for Tuberculosis Classification in Digital Chest Radiographs
… limited. Analysis of digital chest radiographs (CXRs) is a common and inexpensive method for the diagnosis of TB; however, a trained radiologist is required to interpret the results, and is subject to human error. Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) systems are a promising machine-learning based …
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Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of Lung Ultrasound Compared to Chest X-rays for Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children
… antibiotic resistance. Addition of chest X-ray (CXR) to diagnostic algorithms improves specificity, but CXR use is limited by radiation exposure and relatively high costs, limiting access in low-resource settings. Current guidelines therefore reserve CXR for moderate to severe disease and …
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Radiological progression of lung disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected children
… There are limited data on the chest X-ray (CXR) abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC's). Aim: To investigate the evolution of CXR abnormalities in HIV-infected children in LMIC's, to correlate this with the severity …
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The Advantage of Digital Tomosynthesis for Pulmonary Nodule Detection concerning Influence of Nodule Location and Size: Phantom Study
… the advantage of DT over chest radiography (CXR) and dual-energy subtraction radiography (DES) for pulmonary nodule detection according to the location and size of simulated pulmonary nodule (SPN) Material and Methods: Four different sizes (5, 8, 10 and 12 mm in a diameter) of SPNs (1~4 …
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Radiological predictors of PCP in HIV-positive adults in South Africa: a matched case-control study
Definition of chest X-ray (CXR) features associated with laboratory-confirmed pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) among HIV-positive adults is needed to improve diagnosis in high-burden settings. Methods: We conducted a case-control study involving HIV-positive adults with laboratory-confirmed PCP and a …
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Refining the role of the chest radiograph in paediatric tuberculosis clinical care and research
… microbiological confirmation, and chest X-ray (CXR) is a critically important tool in diagnostic decision-making algorithms. In this PhD dissertation I evaluate how CXR, as a tool for both diagnosis and disease severity stratification, could be better used and its role refined, within paediatric …
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Radiological predictors of PCP in HIV-positive adults in South Africa: a matched case-control study
Background Definition of chest X-ray (CXR) features associated with laboratory-confirmed pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) among HIV-positive adults is needed to improve diagnosis in high-burden settings. Methods We conducted a case-control study involving HIV-positive adults with laboratory-confirmed …
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The conclusions drawn from ventilation/perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) compared to lung perfusion SPECT and a chest x-ray (CXR) in patients with suspected pulmonary pulmonary thromboembolism
Purpose: There are conflicting results from studies on whether the ventilation (V) scintigraphy can be safely omitted or replaced by a chest x-ray. These studies were based on planar ventilation perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy. We evaluated the value of the V single photon emission computed tomography …
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Widened mediastinum on chest radiography as a prompt for further imaging in suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury: 3-year experience at a major trauma centre
… of a widened mediastinum on a chest radiograph (CXR) as the commonest indication for chest computed tomography (CT) in cases of suspected blunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI). Evaluating the practical implementation and accuracy of this tool could improve the degree of interdepartmental agreement …
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A comparative study evaluating the performance of diagnostic radiography units and protocols for paediatric and adult chest radiography examinations
… dose for paediatric and adult chest radiography (CXR), between and within hospitals. Large variations in IQ could influence the diagnostic accuracy, and variations in radiation dose could affect the risk to patients. This thesis aims to develop, validate and then use a novel method for comparing …
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Illuminating a neglected population: epidemiological and clinical features of silicosis and tuberculosis among former gold miners from Lesotho
… TB, and 60% have lung lesions on chest x-ray (CXR) suggestive of TB. In this country, many silicosis cases have been treated repeatedly for TB, and some have been documented as MDR-TB on the basis of plain CXR alone, even when bacteriologic tests gave negative results. Objectives To address the …
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"A-OK": Chest Radiograph During Primary Survey Facilitates Faster, More Accurate Endotracheal Tube Position in Injured Children
… are inaccurate and that early chest x-ray (CXR) would overcome such inaccuracies, allowing for faster intervention of malpositioned ETTs.
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Chest X-Ray Image Classification with Deep Learning
… one essential task in CAD, the chest X-ray (CXR) image classification problem, with the deep learning technologies from the following three aspects. First, considering most diseases existing in CXRs usually happen in small, localized areas, we propose to localize the local discriminative …
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Automatic Chest X-rays Analysis using Statistical Machine Learning Strategies
… the well known and affordable chest x-ray (CXR) interpretation by radiologists is the technique employed in those places. Nevertheless, if this method is obsolete in other parts of the world nowadays it is because of its many flaws including: i) it is a tedious task that requires experienced …
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The relationship between chest X-ray findings, bacterial load and treatment-related outcomes in persons with extensively drug resistant TB
… of literature describing the chest X-ray (CXR) findings in patients with XDR-TB, and whether disease extent is related to treatment outcomes and the evolution of resistance remains unclear. It has been shown that patients with radiological extensive drug-sensitive TB have higher initial …
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Multi-Dimensional Evaluation Metrics for Chest X-Ray Reports
… quality radiology reports using the large MIMIC-CXR chest x-ray dataset. However, there has been little work focused on evaluating the quality of generated reports from a clinical perspective, where accuracy is the most important factor. Current evaluation metrics evaluate reports in one …
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Radiology Report Summarization With Large Language Models
… first stage, we fine-tune each model on MIMIC-CXR, a large publicly available dataset of chest radiographs with free-text radiology reports, to transform the Findings into an Impression. Due to its large parameter count, the LLaMa model was fine-tuned using QLoRA—a quantized adaptation approach …
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An overview of adult corrosive ingestion injuries in a sub-Saharan African setting
… only 17 were assessed with CT. A chest X-ray (CXR) was performed in 82 patients and only one patient was initially assessed using a contrast swallow examination. Neither CXR nor early contrast swallow findings directly influenced the management in any of these cases. Twenty patients required …
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