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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"CNIDARIAN"”.
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Locomotion and Control of Cnidarian-Inspired Robots
… operational goals. Gelatinous animals known as Cnidarians employ a wide variety of propulsive methods, ranging from the simple but efficient propulsion of large jellyfish to the rapid and highly maneuverable multi-jet propulsion of colonial animals known as siphonophores. This dissertation …
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SENSITIVITY AND RESILIENCE OF CNIDARIAN EARLY LIFE PROCESSES TO ANTHROPOGENIC CLIMATE CHANGE
… and deoxygenation have decimated populations of cnidarians (e.g., corals and sea anemones) on a global scale over recent decades. Conserving and restoring cnidarian populations requires a thorough understanding of these species’ early life processes (i.e., reproduction and development), yet we …
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Chronic toxicity of phthalates, biphenol and a Canadian bottled water stored under different light regimes using the Cnidarian Hydra Viridissima©
… leachates caused toxicity to the freshwater Cnidarian Hydra viridissima (green hydra). Three chemicals used in the production of polycarbonate and polyethylene plastics, bisphenol A (BPA) and two phthalate esters: dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and bis (2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) along with one …
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Characterisation of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in the Sea Anemone Aiptasia pallida and an Evaluation of Responses to Environmental Stress
… (NOS; E.C. 1.14.13.39) activity in number of cnidarian species from shallow marine subtropical environments. Enzyme activity was assayed by measuring the conversion of 3H L-arginine to 3H L-citrulline (the citrulline assay). This assay was shown to be sufficiently sensitive for studies of this …
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Understanding the evolution of the apical organ in the early branching metazoan, Nematostella vectensis
… of the apical organ and wider apical domain in cnidarian larvae, with a particular focus on Nematostella vectensis. As an early-branching metazoan, N. vectensis is a unique model for studying evolution of the apical organ, and subsequently the origins of the nervous system. Through generating …
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Mast Cell Histamine Release Induced by Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia) Venom
… pruritic and histamine releasing effects of cnidarian (e.g. Physalia, Actinia, Cyanea), toxic extracts. While the anaphylactic effect, discovered by Richet and Portier, has been extended by numerous studies to provide the foundation of our current knowledge of allergic atopy and anaphylaxis, …
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The Wnt Casade and Stem Cell Fate in a Basic Metazoan
… WNT cascade(s) that was found to be expressed in cnidarian stem cells. Functional studies were carried out using inhibitors to a key enzyme of the canonical WNT pathway, GSK-3ß. Such an inhibition simulates the effect of the Wnt signal. Changes to colony morphology and effects on the stem cell …
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Cloning, Characterization, and Functional Study of Laminin a Chain in Hydra
Hydra vulgaris, a fresh water cnidarian, was used in this study of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecular functions at the genetic level. To clone ECM genes, screening of a hydra cDNA library was accomplished by using a laminin A chain sequence obtained from polymerase chain reaction as a probe. A …
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Factors influencing the occurrence of stinging jellyfish (Physalia spp.) at New Zealand beaches
Individuals of the cnidarian genus Physalia are a common sight at New Zealand beaches and are the primary cause of jellyfish stings to beachgoers each year. The identity of the species and the environmental factors that determine its presence are unknown. Lack of knowledge of many marine species is …
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Life cycle evolution and systematics of Campanulariid hydrozoans
… faster than in anthozoans and comparable to non-cnidarian invertebrates. Comparison of Pacific and Atlantic sequences suggests cryptic species exist. Finally, hydroids in New Brunswick, Canada and Iceland may have survived the last glaciation.
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Connectome and Ultrastructural Studies of an Anthozoan Planula: Exaiptasia diaphana
… The sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana, a cnidarian and sister group to all bilaterians, holds a key position for comparative studies. Alongside ctenophores, cnidarians are the only non-bilaterian phyla with a nervous system. Here, I present the first comprehensive volume electron …
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Life cycle evolution and systematics of Campanulariid hydrozoans
… faster than in anthozoans and comparable to non-cnidarian invertebrates. Comparison of Pacific and Atlantic sequences suggests cryptic species exist. Finally, hydroids in New Brunswick, Canada and Iceland may have survived the last glaciation.
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Introducing the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model for investigating microbial mediation of health and disease in hexacorals
… are largely unknown. Here I employ an emerging Cnidarian model, the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, to investigate whether hexacorals maintain communities of beneficial microbes. I hypothesize that loss of this beneficial community by environmental perturbations will negatively …
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Integrating genomic, transcriptomic and developmental approaches to investigate coloniality and life cycle evolution in the Hydractiniidae (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria)
… of prominent life history characters of the cnidarian class Hydrozoa, including the transition from solitary to colonial forms, an elaboration of coloniality known as polyp polymorphism, and medusae (jellyfish) evolution and loss. While these characters have been repeatedly explored …
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Geochemical and Paleontological investigations of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Transition: Case Studies on geochemical clast provenance, emerging paleo redox proxies, and ambiguous dubiofossils
… identity of Brooksella alternata, a purportedly cnidarian fossil that was later suggested to be a hexactinellid sponge fossil. My morphological and compositional analysis reveals B. alternata to be a concretion and thus a pseudofossil.
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The biology and taxonomy of Mesozoic stromatoporoids
… intra-specific variation discussed. The present cnidarian-based nomenclature is replaced by one modified from Recent poriferan terminology. The possession of a calcareous skeleton is probably a relict feature of a previously widespread calcified sponge fauna. It appears that the calcareous …
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Multi-component chemical defense in seahares (Gastropoda:Opisthobranchia): antipredator compounds act as both honest and deceptive signals to multiple predator species
… (Aplysia spp. and Stylocheilus spp.) and their cnidarian, crustacean, and vertebrate predators. Seahares release defensive secretions called ink and opaline from independent glands. In behavioral assays, seahares with full glands versus those with depleted glands had a significant survival …
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CRSPR manipulation and nutritional status reveal functions of transcription factor NF-kappaB in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
… about the role NF-κB may play as part of the cnidarian immune response. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used in an attempt to genetically disrupt NF-κB function in Nematostella. In preliminary results, it is shown that CRISPR/Cas9 injection of fertilized eggs resulted in a mosaic alteration of DNA …
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Comunidades de macrofauna asociadas a zonas de rompiente de playas arenosas en el golfo de cádiz (so península ibérica)
… water temperature and the abundance of the cnidarian Carybdea marsupialis, which may have greater future implications due to increasing global warming. Finally, a higher monetary value was observed for potential fishery resources (juvenile fraction of the community) compared to exploitable …
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Screening for fluorescent and chromoproteins from South African sea anemones
… al. 2008). Therefore, a deeper exploration into Cnidarian molecular biology is needed to establish these as an evolutionary model organism. Gene discovery from various marine invertebrates has facilitated the recovery of anti-cancer drugs, antibiotics and reporter genes (Faulkner, 2000; Allen and …
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