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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"C4 grass"”.
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Metabolomic profiling of C4 grass responses to environmental stress
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Phenotypic and genetic variation in the architectural responses of a C4 grass to drought stress
Improvement of next generation C4 grass feedstocks is a promising avenue towards meeting the challenge of sustainably ensuring global food and fuel security in the face of climate change. C4 grasses are inherently resource use efficient, have a variety of food, fuel, and other industrial product …
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The role of water and nutrient availability in determining above and below ground allocations in a C4 grass Stipagrotis ciliata desf. de Winter
In order to understand the impacts climate change will have on plants it is important to understand the role of functional diversity in determining plant success across a range of environments. Two populations of Stipagrostis ciliata were compared at two sites - drier coastal and wetter inland - …
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Influence of Aridity and Fire on Holocene Vegetational Patterns in the Tallgrass Prairie Peninsula
… new techniques are needed to understand C 3 and C4 grass fluctuations. A method of isolating fossil grass pollen for delta13C analysis was developed, and the delta 13C composition of modern and fossil grass pollen was evaluated. Results suggest that modern pollen from C3 and C4 grass species can …
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Determining the potential drivers of invasive C4 grasses at De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa
Grassland and shrubland distribution in SA is associated with rainfall seasonality. In grassland the vegetation is exclusively C4 while the shrub and tree component is generally C3. Shrublands, in contrast, are predominantly C3, for both woody and herbaceous species, though there can be a small C4 …
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Ecophysiological responses of Themeda triandra Forsk. and other Southern African Câ‚„ grass species to increases in atmospheric COâ‚‚ concentrations
… dioxide (C02) concentrations on southern African C4 grass species, with respect to carbon assimilation and allocation, growth, and morphological development. Altered CO2-responsiveness with simultaneous exposure to other environmental influences was also assessed in order to estimate the impacts …
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Evolution and ecology of C4 grasses: insights from carbon isotope analysis of grass pollen grains
C4 grasses account for >25% of global primary productivity and dominate tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate grassland ecosystems. Because of limitations of conventional morphological and geochemical proxies, identification of C4 grasses in the fossil record is difficult. Thus, testing …
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A Paleosol-Derived Environmental Perspective on MIS 3 in the Central Great Plains
… a moderately active soil community dominated by C4 grass prairies, suggesting a warm fairly dry climate prevailed during most of MIS 3.
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Fossil C 4 plant signals in Southeast Atlantic Ocean continental margin sediments indicate climate-dependent vegetation changes on the adjacent continent
… climate dependent changes in the predominance of C4 or C3 land plants. Leaf waxes of 35 C4 grasses and three C3 grasses were analysed. These investigations revealed that C4 grass waxes have significantly higher compound-specific delta13C values, high contents of n-C31 and n-C33 alkanes and the …
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RNA-SEQ driven analysis of seasonal gene expression variation in miscanthus �� giganteus
Miscanthus × giganteus is a C4 grass that has generated a large amount of interest as a potential biofuel crop due to its high level of biomass production, its perenniality, and its sterility. In this study, two separate M. × giganteus RNA-Seq datasets were generated to help explore the …
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Effects of dynamic vegetation and topography on hydrological processes in semi-arid areas
… between terrain attributes and patterns of C4 grass productivity and water balance components are examined for three generic soil types: sand, loam, and clay. It is argued that in conditions of negligible moisture exchange, site aspect and slope are the key determinants of both the …
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Vegetation structure and inferred patterns of functional group attrition in a shrub encroached old field and tallgrass prairie mosaic
Tallgrass prairie is an endangered ecosystem and encroachment by woody species threatens many remnants. Insights are needed into the differences in diversity and species and functional group composition along a gradient of woody encroachment to help gauge restoration potential and gain insights …
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Comparing simple and complex native forage mixtures for grazing cattle in southwestern Saskatchewan
… production and nutritional qualities of C3 and C4 grass and legume species. Study two examined the in situ CP, NDF and DM disappearance of six selected species harvested in the fall. EDNDF and ADDM values did not differ (P>0.05) among C3 grasses. The C4 grasses had higher (P
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Genetic control of flowering time and biomass yield in sorghum
Sorghum is a C4 grass grown for grain, forage, sugar, and most recently biomass, though there has been very little genetic improvement for biomass yield. Most biomass sorghums are very late flowering to maximize vegetative growth. In order to understand the genetic control of flowering time and …
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Agro-Climatic And Land Suitability Mapping For Switchgrass Grown As A Bioenergy Crop In North Dakota
<p>Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L), a native warm-season perennial grass, grows in Central and North American tall-grass prairie. The plant is immense biomass producer and can reach heights up to three meters or more in wet areas. Its high lignocellulosic content makes switchgrass an appropriate …
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Straight from the cow's mouth: investigating procurement and management strategies in cattle supplied to Great Zimbabwe using a multi-isotopic approach
… between the two areas. Cattle fed mainly on C4 grass throughout the period from AD1300 to 1600, although some also consumed limited amounts of browse. Heterogenous δ 13C profiles indicate that animals derived from different environments, and that calves were born at different times of year. …
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When do propagules matter? The role of ecological filters and regeneration dynamics during community assembly in tallgrass prairie restorations
… species on community assembly during tallgrass prairie restoration. In the first study, patterns in the abundance, richness, and diversity of seed and bud banks were quantified across an 11-year chronosequence of restored prairies and in prairie remnants to elucidate the degree to which …
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A carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis of Pleistocene food webs in North America: implications for paleoecology and extinction
… of giant ground sloths as omnivores, 4) C4 grass grazers and open C4 grasslands restricted to southern North American latitudes, 5) generalized and opportunistic feeding habits of herbivores, 6) potential prey specializations of carnivores. A noticeable lack of competition and feeding …
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Characterizing phenotypic diversity, genotype by environment interactions, and optimizing selection efficiency of a miscanthus germplasm collection
… plants have exceptional cold tolerance for a C4 grass. M. ×giganteus, the industry standard for biomass production, exhibited low tolerance to frost relative to other Miscanthus genotypes, indicating the potential for genetic improvement. We observed large and significant differences among …
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Effects of Miscanthus grass as a fiber source in pet diets on extrusion processing and diet utilization by dogs and cats
… are in search of alternatives. Miscanthus grass is an ingredient produced from the dried canes of Miscanthus giganteus, a C4 grass grown for its high fiber content; however, it has not previously been evaluated in pet foods. Thus, the objectives were to determine the effect of Miscanthus …
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