Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 34 for “"Bystander effect"”.
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Radiation-induced bystander fibroblasts both reduce and amplify micronuclei induction through the reciprocal bystander effect and the secondary bystander effect
… of radiation through cells also induces the bystander effect, which is the biological response of unirradiated cells that are neighboring or sharing medium with the irradiated cells. Although the mechanisms through which irradiated cells send signals to the bystander cells are not well …
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Do heavy ions induce the bystander effect? : study to determine the induction of the bystander effect from Fe ion beam compared to X-rays in human keratinocytes
The bystander effect is the observation that non-irradiated cells near a cell traversed by radiation express biological responses such as micronuclei formation and genomic instability. Most published studies of the bystander effect have been conducted using alpha particles, a high LET radiation. A …
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The role of nucleotides and the P2X7 receptor in radiation induced bystander effect
… related to radiotherapy is known as the bystander effect, whereby cells that have been irradiated initiate the destruction of neighbouring cells that have not been irradiated directly. The exact mechanisms that result in the bystander effect have yet to be fully identified. Purinergic …
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The role of stress-derived vesicles in the bystander effect and cancer related cachexia
… of EVs appears to be the induction of the bystander effect. The bystander effect refers to the non-targeted effects of stress, whereby stressed cells induce damage in neighbouring cells. EVs released from cells following irradiation have previously been shown to induce the bystander effect. …
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The effect of temperature on the bystander effect as examined in human prostate carcinoma cells with alpha particle irradiation
The bystander effect is seen when irradiated cells release a factor that can produce damage or death in neighboring "bystander" cells that are not actually hit by any radiation. One proposed mechanism involves the irradiated cells releasing a soluble factor into the medium that can cause damage to …
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An in vitro investigation of the impact of radiation induced bystander effect on the therapeutic irradiation of a prostate cancer cell line.
… to investigate the impact of the non-targeted effects of 6MV x-rays during the radiotherapy. This thesis intends to analyse the published mathematical models which predict occurrence and magnitude of radiation induced bystander effects (RIBEs), with experimental validation of one of these …
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Micronuclei induction in AG01522 cells is independent of temperature and linear energy transfer
The bystander effect describes radiation-induced biological effects in nonirradiated cells that have received signals from irradiated cells. In a co-culture experiment, the bystander signaling is proposed to occur via the medium. Using a co-culture setup, the work in this thesis investigates the …
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Direct and indirect effects of alpha-particle irradiations of human prostate tumor cells
… to establish a model system to study the direct effect, the bystander effect and the combinational effect of alpha-particle irradiations of human prostate tumor cells, toward the goal of improving the effectiveness of alpha-particle involved radiation therapies such as radioimmunotherapy and …
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LET dependence of radiation-induced bystander effects using human prostate tumor cells
… This phenomenon has been coined as the "bystander effect". The purpose of this study was to characterize the ability of irradiated tumor cells to induce bystander effects in co-cultured cells. Human DU-145 prostate carcinoma cells were grown on a 1.4 [mu]m-thick mylar membrane in …
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Gene Therapy for Osteosarcoma : "In Vitro" Characterization of Five Tumor Cell Lines and Development of Treatment Models "In Vivo"
… line was stably transduced, and the HS-tk gene effectively conferred ganciclovir (GCV) susceptibility to transduced cells. Each cell line showed a bystander effect (whereby wild type tumor cells are killed by co-incubation with HS-tk positive tumor cells and GCV). MNNG cells were used to develop …
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Bystander Effects Due To Neutrons, And Low-Dose Hyper-Radiosensitivity To Gamma Rays In Human Cells Using Cytogenetics
… induced by radiation.</p> <p>Chapter 3:</p> <p> Bystander effects have been observed repeatedly in mammalian cells following photon and alpha particle irradiation. However, few studies have been performed to investigate bystander effects arising from neutron irradiation. Here we asked whether …
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Metastatic cell responses to anticancer therapy: The possible role of cancer stem cells
… Helix pomatia snails. Radiotherapy could have an effect on cancer metastasis; by stimulating regulation signalling including ROS, TGF-β, E-cadherin and vimentin. This signalling can promote cancer cells to change from the epithelial to mesenchymal form. The cells behaviour could be mediated by the …
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The role of RNAs and extracellular vesicles in the radiation response
The bystander effect (BE) occurs when cells that have not been directly traversed by ionizing radiation exhibit DNA damage effects as though they had been. It is established that signalling molecules such as cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal to surrounding cells to mediate BE, …
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“Bad things happen [be]cause good people do nothing.” A study on how residents of Athlone and it's suburbs view their roles as bystanders
Bystander behaviour in Social psychology and criminology has often been discussed in terms of classic theory (as the bystander effect), bystander intervention for the purpose of crime prevention, situational factors impacting intervention or whether bystanders actually intervene. Other studies have …
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Development and Evaluation of Therapeutics in the Setting of Radiation Injury
… survival following TBI, we investigated the effect of KZ-41 on parameters important to initial wound healing. We developed an imaging model to specifically investigate the effect of KZ-41 on clotting following TBI and vascular injury. This model also allowed us to gain insight into “combined …
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Investigating the by-stander effect of Hypericin induced photodynamic therapy on human skin cells
… therapy (PDT) has been shown to be an effective treatment modality, through topical administration, for treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers. Our group investigates hypericin-induced PDT (HYP-PDT) for the treatment of both non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. However, a …
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Development, characterization, and application of a charged particle microbeam for radiobiological research
… particularly in the area of temporal and spatial effects of radiation on in vitro systems. An accelerator-based 750 keV proton source was characterized and integrated into a laboratory-scale device that includes a deflection/gating system, single-particle detection system, imaging and positioning …
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Use Of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles For Protection Against Radiation-induced Cell Death
… cell death, as well as the minimization of the bystander effect in radiation therapy.
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The effect of UVA irradiation on the DNA damage response in a human keratinocyte cell line
… protecting skin cells against the carcinogenic effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). In this research project, HaCaTs were used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of UVA irradiation on the DDR. Independent inhibition of ATM and ATR prior to irradiation with 50 kJ m-2 UVA caused …
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