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Showing 1 to 18 of 18 for “"Butyl alcohol"”.
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Biodegradation of methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol in previously uncontaminated subsurface systems
… determine biodegradation rates of methanol and t-butyl alcohol at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 mg/L. Methanol degraded readily at all sites ranging from 0.8 mg/L/day to 20.4 mg/L/day and rates were generally greater in the saturated zone. TBA biodegraded at all sites, but was refractory …
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Enhancement of biodegradation of methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol in groundwater systems
… problem which is difficult to remediate. Alcohol additives in gasoline present more urgent problems because of their relatively high mobility in the subsurface. This study focused on the subsurface biodegradation of two octane-boosting additives, methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA). …
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Degradation of tertiary butyl alcohol by a Pseudomonas sp. isolated from groundwater
… sp. capable of degrading tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) as a sole carbon source, was isolated from a groundwater aquifer (50 ft. deep) at a petroleum refinery. The most probable number (MPN) of TBA degrading microorganisms was 4.9 x 10³ organisms/g (dry wt) of subsurface soil. …
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Biodegradation of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) using biological granular activated carbon (bio-GAC)
ABSTRACT Tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), a metabolite of the gasoline additive methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), is a common groundwater contaminant encountered at petroleum remediation sites. This work explored the capability of YZ2, a novel pure culture, to completely degrade TBA aerobically in both …
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Biodegradation of tertiary butyl alcohol by an introduced Pseudomonas sp. in subsurface soil microcosms
Microcosm studies determined that the indigenous microflora of the subsurface Groseclose clayey loam did not metabolize TBA, but TBA degradation was stimulated by the addition of the Pseudomonas sp., VT100. The indigenous subsurface microflora of the Fredrick clay metabolized TBA in soil microcosms …
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The effect of alternative electron acceptors on the subsurface biodegradation rates of methanol and tertiary-butyl alcohol
… biological degradation of methanol and tertiary-butyl alcohol (TBA), components of a gasoline-alcohol blend, in the subsurface by stimulating the growth of the microorganisms. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the stimulatory effect of nitrate and sulfate (alternative electron …
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Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization of an Electroorganic Process Flowsheet
… for the electrolytic oxidation of secondary butyl alcohol to methyl ethyl ketone in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. Experimental measurements were performed to calculate rate constants for an adsorption isotherm for butanol on platinum in order to elicit a kinetic expression for use in the …
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Heats of immersion of zeolites in n-alcohols
The heats of immersion in n-alcohols of zeolites NaY, 5A and ZSM-5 and the kinetics of the immersion process have been determined using a Calvet MS-70 microcalorimeter. The specific heat of immersion decreased non-linearly as a function of chain length of alcohol for NaY and 5A. In contrast, the …
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Quantification of molecular aggregation equilibria using spectroscopic measurements and random mixing modeling
… both the number of hydrophobic contacts between alcohol molecules in water and the affinity of ions for molecular hydrophobic interfaces. Furthermore, a generalized theoretical model is developed based on random statistics in which it is assumed that the concentration of each chemical species is …
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Quantitative Analysis of Acetylsalicylic Acid by q-NMR (Quantitative-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy)
… acid (ASA) was conducted using <em>tert</em>-butyl alcohol (<em>tert</em>-butanol) as the internal standard and deuterated chloroform (CDCl<sub>3</sub>) as the solvent. Preparations of ASA solutions in low and high concentration ranges, 1.0 mM – 10.1 mM and 10.0 mM – 100.1 mM respectively, …
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Degradation of gasoline oxygenates in the subsurface
Tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) are compounds with the potential for use as oxygenates in reformulated gasolines. Being relatively soluble in water, these organics, if accidentally discharged into the subsurface, may rapidly …
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Biodegradation of organic contaminants in subsurface systems: kinetic and metabolic considerations
… water. Compounds from industrial sources such as alcohols and phenols are frequently found as groundwater contaminants. These compounds are highly soluble in water and do not adsorb well to aquifer material. They also have the potential to migrate in the subsurface system achieving significant …
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A comparison of subsurface biodegradation rates of methanol and tertiary butanol in contaminated and uncontaminated sites
The use of alcohols as inexpensive octane enhancers in gasoline has contributed to an increased concern about the potential contamination of groundwater. Being highly soluble in water, alcohols may easily separate from other, more insoluble gasoline components, and rapidly enter the groundwater …
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Synthesis and characterization of (β-diketonate) zirconium alkoxides for low temperature chemical vapor deposition of lead zirconium titanium thin films
… centered on changing the alkoxide. Tri-tert-butyl alcohol(tritox) was prepared, however, the synthesis of the tritox - β-diketonate zirconium complex was unsuccessful. Other changes involved using pivalic acid to replace the alkoxide. Reactions with pivalic acid and zirconium di-(2,2,6,6 …
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The effects of Fe(III) reduction on biodegradation of fuel oxygenates and chlorinated ethenes
Fuel oxygenates, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and chlorinated ethenes (TCE, cis-DCE and VC) are two groups of contaminants prevalent in groundwater systems. Fe(III) reducing conditions are dominant in many sedimentary environments. However, the effects of Fe(III) …
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Glycerol permeability in two species of Peromyscus
… by Hunter, George, and Ospina (1965) in which n-butyl alcohol and tannic acid were used, provided further help in distinguishing between simple and facilitated diffusion systems. This work suggested that a carrier system was present for glycerol in the erythrocytes of the rabbit, mouse, and …
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Photochemical Formation Mechanisms and Applications of Mn Oxide Nanomaterials
… (O2•−) rather than hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) was added as an •OH scavenger to determine the role of •OH in Mn oxidation during nitrate photolysis. However, when TBA was added, more Mn oxides were formed, which was unexpected. Although TBA is commonly assumed to transform …
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Optimization of force fields for molecular dynamics
A technology for optimization of potential parameters from condensed phase simulations (POP) is discussed and illustrated. It is based on direct calculations of the derivatives of macroscopic observables with respect to the potential parameters. The derivatives are used in a local minimization …