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Showing 1 to 20 of 35 for “"Aurora B"”.
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Analysis of Aurora B Regulation and Signaling
Aurora B is a serine/threonine kinase that functions in a complex with two other chromosomal passenger proteins called INCENP and Survivin. Its function is implicated in a variety of processes related to mitosis, such as chromosome condensation, regulation of arm cohesion, spindle assembly, …
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Control of Chromosome Segregation by the Aurora B Complex
… to include Incenp, Survivin, and the kinase Aurora B. We report the identification of Dasra A and Dasra B as two new components of the vertebrate CPC, and demonstrate that the CPC is required for chromatin-dependent spindle formation in Xenopus egg extracts. The failure of microtubule …
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A Novel Function For Aurora B Kinase In The Regulation of P53 By Phosphorylation
<p>The mitotic kinase Aurora B plays a pivotal role in mitosis and cytokinesis and governs the spindle assembly checkpoint which ensures correct chromosome segregation and normal progression through mitosis. Aurora B is overexpressed in breast and other cancers and may be an important molecular …
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Mechanistic Insights into the Microtubule-Mediated Differential Modulations of Aurora B Substrate Structures for Accurate Chromosome Segregation
… must be stabilized. This process is regulated by Aurora B, the kinase subunit of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC). How Aurora B can distinguish between erroneous and correct attachments and selectively phosphorylate its key substrates in the right contexts remains poorly understood. The …
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Validation of The Activation of Aurora B Kinase By Caenorhabditis Elegans to usled-Like Kinase and The Identification of Cyclin B3 As A Phospho-Specific Tlk-1 Interactor
… of research have confirmed that the conserved Aurora B/AIR-2 kinase is required for multiple mitotic events including the proper attachment of microtubules to kinetochores, activation of a checkpoint that monitors kinetochore-microtubule attachment, and separation of daughter cells during …
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Structural and Mechanistic insights into Centromere Specification and Kinetochore Regulation
… overlooked in aneuploid cells. We found that Aurora B, the enzymatic kinase of the CPC, is enriched at the misaligned centromeres of healthy, diploid cells leading to an increased dynamic range of Aurora B substrate phosphorylation at misaligned versus properly aligned kinetochores. These …
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Preventing aneuploidy and the consequences of failure
… yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The conserved Aurora B kinase is found to be responsible for detecting, and attempting to correct, incorrect kinetochore-microtubule attachments during both meiotic divisions. The meiosis I-specific protein Maml is found to link sister chromatids in a …
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Regulated Recruitment of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex to Chromatin and Microtubules Promotes Accurate Cell Division
<p>Aurora B, the kinase subunit of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), promotes accurate cell division by destabilizing erroneous kinetochoremicrotubule attachments and activating the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Both functions require Aurora B activation, which is promoted by its …
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Role of phosphatases in the end-on conversion process
… and KNL1-recruited PP1 - in counteracting Aurora B kinase during the end-on conversion process. I found that BubR1-recruited PP2A-B56 plays an essential role in the process, but KNL1-recruited PP1 does not. I also investigated whether the HEC1/Ndc80 N-tail is a critical substrate of Aurora …
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Regulation of Chromosome Segregation by the Chromosomal Passenger Complex
… egg extracts. The CPC contains the kinase Aurora B, which is well known for its phosphorylation of serine 10 on histone H3 (H3S10). While this phosphorylation is a hallmark of M-phase, its functional significance is enigmatic. In the first part of my thesis, I, with my collaborators, …
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Protein Phosphatase 1 at the Kinetochore Regulates Chromosome Segregation
… centromeric and kinetochore kinases, including Aurora B. Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) plays a counteracting role to Aurora B to stabilize kinetochore-microtubule attachments and silence the SAC. The regulation of PP1 to modulate these functions, however, remains enigmatic. Using the biochemical …
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Mitotic slippage by ATP depletion and its mechanism
… the localization and the kinase activity of Aurora B, which is widely recognized as a component of error correction of microtubule attachment and its role in maintenance of spindle assembly checkpoint, were reduced on kinetochores during the mitotic slippage by co-treatment with 2-DG and …
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Investigating the function of Citron kinase and its regulation by other mitotic kinases
… by other mitotic kinases, including Cdk1 and Aurora B, suggesting that its functions must be tightly controlled. Furthermore, although several lines of evidence indicate that CIT-K kinase activity is important (the most significant being the identification of mutations in the CIT-K kinase …
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Molecular mechanisms of kinetochore microtubule attachment
… of kinetochore-microtubule attachments, Aurora B kinase. The Astrin-SKAP-LC8 complex is essential for mitotic progression and directly associates with microtubules. Furthermore, the microtubule polymerization factor CLASP requires the Astrin-SKAP-LC8 complex to localize to kinetochores. …
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Characterization of a Novel Chromatin-Induced Mechanism that Couples Microtubule Disassembly and Nuclear Re-Formation
… step in this process is the inactivation of the Aurora B kinase by the Triple A-ATPase Cdc48/p97, which physically extracts the protein from chromatin at anaphase. Aurora B is the catalytic subunit of the Chromosome Passenger Complex (CPC), which promotes microtubule polymerization and spindle …
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The Multifunctional Kinase Bub1 Acts as a Signaling Hub for the Spindle Checkpoint
… 120, which is important in recruiting Sgo1 and Aurora B kinase to the kinetochore. Bub1 also phosphorylates Cdc20 serine 153. It was shown in vitro that phosphorylation by Bub1 can inhibit APC/CCdc20. However, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) expressing Bub1 kinase dead mutant only display …
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Studies of Aurora and Polo Kinases During Cell Division in C. elegans
… Using C. elegans, we investigated the roles of Aurora and Polo kinases during the release of meiotic chromosome cohesion. We found that the Aurora B kinase AIR-2 is localized to sub-chromosomal regions representing the last points of contact between homologous chromosomes in meiosis I and …
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Histone Post-translational Modification Dysregulation Contributes to Toxicity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Proteinopathy Models
… the pathology of C9orf72 ALS and identify Ipl1/Aurora B Kinase as a possible therapeutic target. We find that H3S10ph levels are significantly increased in both yeast and human <em>in vitro </em>models of C9orf72 ALS. Furthermore, we show that knocking down Ipl1 in yeast significantly improves …
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MAP kinase phosphatase-2 in vascular smooth cell muscle function
… requires phosphorylation of the mitotic kinase aurora B for successful division of two daughter cells. However nocodazole-arrest studies reveal MKP-2 is required for aurora B phosphorylation and its downstream target histone H3, thus identifying MKP-2 as essential in the effective completion of …
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Changes in Kinetochore Structure and Molecular Composition in Response to Mis-attachment
… bringing MCAK and other KT substrates closer to Aurora B kinase for rapid and efficient correction of KT mis-attachments.
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