Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics"”.
-
Laser-Produced Plasmas for Particle Acceleration
… experimental studies that aim to stabilise and optimise laser-based particle accelerators. The technique is called laser wakefield acceleration, where electric fields of the order of 102 GV/m accelerate electrons to high energies (⇠102 MeV) over mm-distances in laser-produced plasmas. Among …
-
Optical Coherence Tomography for Dermatological Applications
… ophthalmology, OCT has already proven its value and is routinely used for diagnosing retinal diseases. In many other areas the potential of OCT is explored worldwide, while the technique itself is further developed with improved imaging speed, resolution and extensions such as functional imaging. …
-
Development of Laser-Spectroscopic Techniques for New Detection Schemes in Combustion Diagnostics
… of three parts, concerned with the development and application of different techniques. The development of UV filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) for thermometry and fuel/air ratio measurements, using a frequency tripled, single-longitudinal-mode alexandrite laser at ~254 nm together with an …
-
Laser Diagnostics Applied to Lean Premixed Swirling Flames - Simultaneous Flow Field and Scalar Measurements
… different operational conditions. Combined flow- and scalar field measurements were performed at high repetition rates for detailed studies of the turbulent flames. A large part of the work presented concerns experimental studies of lean turbulent premixed flames stabilized by a low-swirl burner. …
-
Coherent Processes in Rare-Earth-Ion-Doped Solids
… as quantum information processing, superradiance and electromagnetically induced transparency, which have been experimentally implemented using rare-earth-ion-doped crystals. The rare-earths are a class of elements that have in common, an atomic structure that allows for very long lifetimes as …
-
Towards single Ce ion detection in a bulk crystal for the development of a single-ion qubit readout scheme
… relevant spectroscopic properties of Ce ions randomly doped in an Y2SiO5 crystal at low temperatures (around 4 K), in order to develop a technique and an experimental set-up to detect the fluorescence photons emitted by a single Ce ion. The aim of the work was to determine whether a single Ce …
-
Laser-Matter Interactions at Extreme Irradiance: X-ray Generation and Relativistic Channelling
… employed to investigate laser-produced X-rays and relativistic channelling. These lasers produce short pulses, of the order of 50 fs, with energies ranging from 1 mJ to 1 J. Thus, the peak powers reach several terawatts and with the most powerful laser system the peak irradiance exceeds 10^19 …
-
Laser-driven beams of fast ions, relativistic electrons and coherent x-ray photons
… presents experimental results on the development and optimization of novel and highly compact sources of beams of fast ions, relativistic electrons and coherent x-rays, driven by intense laser-plasma interactions. The rapid development of high-power, short-pulse laser systems have made available …
-
Environmental Monitoring - using diode-laser-based spectroscopic techniques
… of environmental gases is necessary to understand the complex processes governing global warming and the impact of pollutant emissions related to human activity. Diode-laser-based spectroscopic techniques, being robust and affordable, have a great potential to become an industrially …
-
Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Processing in Rare-Earth-Ion-Doped Crystals
… crystals in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information processing are addressed. The experiments and theoretical considerations referred to in this thesis are based on the coherent transient interaction between light and the ions in the crystals. A photon echo experiment …
-
Laser Diagnostic Techniques with Ultra-High Repetition Rate for Studies in Combustion Environments
… in an engine cycle. A multi-YAG laser cluster and a high-speed framing camera capable of recording sequences of up to eight image frames, and having a framing rate up to the megahertz range were originally set up for these types of studies. Within the framework of this thesis, further …
-
Scaling and Gating Attosecond Pulse Generation
… within imaging, attosecond spectroscopy, and high-precision frequency metrology. However, the rather low efficiency of the HHG process, which implies a limited pulse energy and repetition rate, places restrictions on many applications. In this thesis, the scaling of different parameters …
-
Attosecond Wave Packet Metrology
… They are created from the interaction of atoms with ultrashort, intense laser pulses whose electric field approaches the strength of inner-atomic electric fields. This thesis presents experiments around the generation, characterization and application of attosecond pulses. First, we study …
-
Laser Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring
… studies the techniques of laser remote sensing and their applications in environmental monitoring, as documented in several published papers. The environment where the human being live is degrading with an accelerating speed. Quantitative monitoring characterizes the quality of the environment …
-
Photodynamic Therapy utilizing Interstitial Light Delivery Combined with Spectroscopic Methods
… for development of modalities for both diagnosis and therapy. Most of the currently available methods suffer from serious disadvantages. The treatments, e.g. ionising radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, may themselves induce malignancies or the patient may be physically impaired for a longer period …
-
Laser-Driven Particle Acceleration - Improving Performance Through Smart Target Design
… W/cm^2 at the laser focus to form plasmas, and use ultra-relativistic and nonlinear dynamics to produce quasistatic acceleration fields. This allows electrons to be accelerated to ~100 MeV over sub-centimetre distances, while protons may be accelerated to the ~10 MeV regime. In addition, …
-
Quantum computing with naturally trapped sub-nanometre-spaced ions
… rare-earth-metal ions between cerium, with atomic number 58, and ytterbium, with atomic number 70, have a partly filled 4f shell, which does not extend spatially outside the full 5s and 5p shells. The 4f vacancies make electronic inner shell transitions possible between spectroscopic 4f …
-
Coherent Interactions in Rare-Earth-Ion-Doped Crystals for Applications in Quantum Information Science
… crystals for quantum information processing and quantum optics. Several aspects of the coherent interaction between light and rare-earth ions in solids are addressed. Quantum information science has given physicists new views of quantum mechanics. The transmission of quantum states has …
-
Multi-Dimensional Quantitative Laser-based Diagnostics - Development and Practial Applications
… By probing the relative occurrence of an atom or molecule in different rotational or vibrational states or by probing the Doppler shift in Rayleigh scattering, it is possible to extract the temperature. The flow field can be measured by seeding particles into the measurement volume and …
-
On the Use of Laser-Induced Incandescence for Soot Diagnostics: From Theoretical Aspects to Applications in Engines
The laser-induced incandescence technique (LII) is a laser-based diagnostic technique for measurements of soot volume fraction and particle size. The technique relies on detection of incandescent light from soot particles heated to around 4000 K using nanosecond laser pulses. A theoretical model …