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Showing 1 to 16 of 16 for “"Aposematism"”.
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Models of aposematism and the role of aversive learning
… and a conspicuous primary defence is known as aposematism. Previous models mainly focused on questions of the initial evolution of aposematism in ancestrally cryptic populations. However, the field has a renewed interest in questions beyond the initial evolution of aposematism such as: how …
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Phylogeography and the evolution of correlated traits under multiple origins of aposematism in the poison frog family
… (Dendrobatidae) are a well-known example of aposematism in anurans. They include ~270 species of Neotropical frogs with aposematic (toxic and conspicuous) and non-defended (palatable and cryptic) species. The origin of aposematism in poison frogs is puzzling, because of its predicted low …
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AERIAL WARFARE BETWEEN BATS AND MOTHS: EFFICACY OF ACOUSTIC APOSEMATISM, FLIGHT BEHAVIORS OF UNPALATABLE PREY, AND TWO NOVEL ANTI-BAT STRATEGIES
Tiger moths (Erebidae: Arctiinae) have experienced intense selective pressure from echolocating, insectivorous bats for nearly 65 million years. In response, they have evolved a suite of remarkable defenses to deal with their would-be predators. Three key innovations underlie the success of the …
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Poison frog warning signals: From the rainforest to the genome and back again
… by predators and may prevent attacks altogether. Aposematism is widespread both geographically and taxonomically, and aposematic species are seen across the tree of life (including nudibranchs, invertebrates, and vertebrates). There are three main requirements for aposematism to function …
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The genomics of adaptive colouration in Hypolimnas butterflies and the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis
… of wing mimicry in Hypolimnas butterflies and of aposematism in the wood tiger moth using a range of genomics and transcriptomics methods. First, I produce genome assemblies of two Hypolimnas species and investigate the evolution of W chromosomes in Lepidoptera. By comparing the H. misippus genome …
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The defensive role of ultrasonic moth clicks against bat predation : a mathematical modeling approach
… against bat predation by means of jamming, aposematism or startle. By assessing the characteristics and variation of the ultrasonic moth clicks it was possible to define the most likely function of the ultrasonic clicks by moths from sites in South Africa. Additionally, this study used …
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Structural Origins and Functions of Colour Diversity in Sea Slugs: Novel Photonic Architectures, Biological Roles, and Biomimetic Applications
… to Batesian mimicry in Cephalaspidea and aposematism in Nudibranchia. In the case of Elysia viridis , I extended the study of the inorganic nanostructures producing the photonic colouration by examining its biogenesis. Additionally, as a separate project inspired by the ability of this …
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Rapid diversification and wing colour pattern evolution in tropical butterflies
… by the selective forces of predation and aposematism. Mimicry rings form an excellent system for studying phenotypic change and convergence, since often several subspecies with different wing colour patterns exist within one species, and different species exhibit convergent changes in …
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Ethics, ecology and evolution of Indonesian slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.) rescued from the pet trade
… in slow lorises could serve as a form of aposematism. I postulate that the Javan and Bengal slow lorises actively mimic the spectacled cobra (Naja naja). Although the evidence appears to support this theory, more studies are necessary for validation. In conclusion, I believe that my study …
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Predators vs. Prey: The information ecology of warning signals
Explaining the origin and maintenance of aposematism has remained a challenge for evolutionary biologists because conspicuous warning signals are predicted to have a high initial predation cost before predators learn to avoid them. Most previous work has assumed that predators need to sample prey …
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Phenotypic consequences of adaptive toxin production and resistance in coevolutionary partners
The effect that ecological interactions between species have on their evolution is an impactful but understudied area of research. The influence species have on each other's evolution has taken on new relevance as anthropogenic change alters where, when, and how species interact. Partnered species …
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Impacts And Implications Of Polytypism On The Evolution Of Aposematic Coloration
Aposematic signaling is a comdefensive strategy whereby prey species use conspicuous signals (i.e., bright coloration) to warn predators of the risks of predation due to a secondary defense. Theoretical, lab, and field experiments have demonstrated that individuals who project novel conspicuous …
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Insect Development and Evolution: Perspectives on Individual and Colony-Level Phenotypes
<p>This dissertation analyzes the develop and evolution of insect phenotypes, ranging from the level of individuals to colonies. The first four chapters focus on wing patterning in the bella moth Utetheisa ornatrix. I begin by quantifying the pattern variation in the species, then attempt to …
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Behavioural and ecological interactions between Heliconius butterflies, their predators and host plants
Heliconius butterflies exhibit Müllerian mimicry, in which two or more unpalatable species share a mutual advantage from having a common conspicuous colour pattern. These tropical butterflies have impressive visual signals, which are under conflicting selection pressures, as they are used in …
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Contribution à l'étude de métabolites secondaires d'Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) en relation avec la coloration de l'insecte
Ce travail a pour objectif l’étude de métabolites secondaires d’Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coccinellidés) en relation avec la coloration de l’insecte. Dans ce but, deux méthodes analytiques originales de quantification de métabolites secondaires de cet insecte ont été mises au point en vue de …
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Intrasexual selection and warning color evolution in an aposematic poison dart frog
Flamboyant colors are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. While many of these traits arise through sexual selection, bright coloration can also evolve through natural selection. Many aposematic species, for example, use conspicuous warning coloration to communicate their noxiousness to …