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Showing 1 to 20 of 43 for “"Antiporter"”.
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Characterization of CAXCK31, a Bacterial Calcium/Proton Antiporter
… a class of transporters known as Calcium/Cation Antiporters (CaCAs), the bacterial calcium/proton antiporter CAXCK31 was purified and characterized. New methods were developed for its heterologous overexpression and purification. These methods help to define stress responses to toxic membrane …
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Functional characterization of a putative Plasmodium falciparum calcium/hydrogen antiporter pfcha
… falciparum genome, a putative calcium hydrogen antiporter has been identified. To understand the role of this gene in the calcium metabolism of P. falciparum and to evaluate it as a drug target, we describe here the functional characterization by the heterologuous expression of this putative …
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Structural And Mechanistic Elucidation Of The EF-hand In LETM1 Ca2+/H+ Antiporter Function
Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) is integral cellular energy production; however, excessive Ca2+ leads to cell death. Both these processes are crucial to cellular function, and thus Ca2+ homeostasis is tightly regulated. Leucine zipper EF-hand containing transmembrane protein-1 (LETM1) is an essential …
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Functional expression and initial biochemical characterization of Yp-NhaP, cation-proton antiporter from Yersinia pestis
… of Yp-NhaP, putative sodium-proton antiporter from the dangerous human pathogen Yersinia pestis. We expressed Yp-NhaP in its functional form in the antiporter-deficient strain of E. coli, TO114. When assayed in inside-out sub-bacterial membrane vesicles, Yp-NhaP acted as an …
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Chloride Channel 3 (CLC3), an Immune Antiporter in the Migration and Activation of Human Eosinophils in Allergic Asthma
Allergic asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease of the airways. Eosinophils migrate to the airways under the influence of chemokines to start an excessive damage and repair cycle leading to airway inflammation and remodeling in allergic asthma. TGF-β has been closely related with eosinophils …
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Räumliche und zeitliche Aspekte der intrazellulären pH-Regulation in Epithelien
… Na+-abhängiger HCO3--Transporter bei. Der Na+/H+-Antiporter hat in der unstimulierten Drüse keinen messbaren Einfluss auf den Ruhe-pHi. • Die Wiederherstellung des Ruhe-pHi nach einer intrazellulären Alkalisierung (Na-acetat-Vorpuls) ist Cl--abhängig, aber auch unter extremen Bedingungen waren die …
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Cloning and Characterization of the Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) Gene in Chenopodium quinoa WILLD.
… many species, encoding a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter that plays an important role in germination and growth in saline environments. Here we report a preliminary investigation of salt tolerance in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Quinoa is a halophytic grain crop of the Chenopodiaceae …
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Charakterisierung von Transportmechanismen in der Speicheldrüse der Schabe Periplaneta americana
… und der Cl<sup>--HCO3<sup>--Antiporter, gekoppelt mit dem Na<sup>+ H<sup>+-Antiporter (NHE) waren an der NaCl-Aufnahme in die peripheren Zellen der Acini zur Bildung des NaCl-reichen Primärspeichels beteiligt. Die Aktivität dieser Transporter hing von der …
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Metabolic Reprogramming in Response to Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Dysfunction
… SLC7A11 (a plasma membrane glutamate/cystine antiporter) promotes pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondria via generation of an electron acceptor, a-ketobutyrate. Furthermore, in the liver, loss of ETC complex I results in no observable clinical or biochemical phenotype, while complex IV …
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Broad Ligand Specificity in the Small Multidrug Resistance Transporter EmrE
… two sides of the membrane. As a secondary active antiporter, EmrE must couple drug binding to this conformational exchange and its energy source, the proton gradient across the inner membrane. The transport cycle involves the import of two protons to drive the export of one substrate molecule. As …
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Glutamate and MDMA Neurobehavioral Toxicity
… and inhibition of the cystine-glutamate antiporter (Xc-) with 4-S-carboxyphenylglycine (CPG) each attenuated the observed glutamate efflux. The results strongly suggest the likely source of glutamate release is Xc-, which is expressed on glial cells. Results from additional studies into …
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Molecular and Immunohistochemical Identification of a Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger-2C (Nhe2C) Paralog in the Gills of Marine Longhorn Sculpin (Myoxocephalus Octodecemspinosus)
… proteins (NHEs) are members of the cation proton antiporter superfamily (CPA) and are thought to function in fish for maintaining physiological ion concentrations and acid-base balances by excreting excess H+ ions from the body in exchange for Na+ ions. There are many more types of these proteins …
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Analysis of AtNHX1-expressing transgenic cotton under high salt conditions and in the field
… AtNHX1 that encodes a vacuolar sodium/proton antiporter resulted in higher plant salt tolerance. In an effort to improve drought and salt tolerance of cotton that are grown in the semi-arid land of America¡¯s Southwest, we introduced the Arabidopsis gene AtNHX1 into cotton by using the …
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Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake: LETM1 and MICU1 Are Mitochondrial Proteins That Regulate Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis and Cellular Bioenergetics
… calcium signals. Since LETM1 is the Ca2+/H+ antiporter, I hypothesize that alterations in LETM1 expression and activity will decrease mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and will result in impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics. As a regulator of free intracellular Ca2+, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the …
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Observing molecular interactions that determine stability, folding, and functional states of single Na+/H+ antiporters
… the structural stability of the sodium/proton antiporter NhaA of Escherichia coli, which serves as a model system for this class of proteins. Mechanical pulling of NhaA molecules embedded in the native lipid bilayer caused a step-wise unfolding of the protein and provided insights into its …
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Mechanistic studies of a multidrug efflux protein from <i>Escherichia coli</i>
… protein from Escherichia coli is MdtM, a 12 TM antiporter of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). MdtM, like other members of the MFS, utilises the energy stored in the electrochemical gradient to drive the extrusion of drugs from the cytoplasm. Therefore, protons take part in many critical …
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Gene Knockout Of PRFA And The Arginine Deiminase Pathway In Listeria Monocytogenes
… and ATP. With the help of a membrane-bound antiporter, the ornithine is transported out of the cell while the ammonia is converted to ammonium. The ATP by-product can also be used with the F0F1-ATPase system to help maintain homeostasis. The prfA gene, which codes for the PrfA protein, is …
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Mechanical unfolding of membrane proteins captured with single-molecule AFM techniques
… kinetics of the membrane protein, i. e. Na+/H+-antiporter NhaA from Escherichia coli. Performed here experiments on NhaA in its functionally active and inactive states demonstrated the advantages of examining unfolding kinetics at the single-molecule level. It was possible to observe unfolding …
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Investigating the protective effects of intestinal GABA[subscript A] receptor activation on an animal model of Multiple Sclerosis
… decarboxylase (GAD) and glutamic acid/glutamate antiporter to produce high levels of GABA (Castillo, unpublished data). P8 GAD-L.lactis produced significantly more GABA than the L. lactis control strain (pAC-L. lactis). EAE-induced C57BL/6 mice treated with P8 GAD-L. lactis (n=10) had …
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Effects of GABA on inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption
… acid decarboxylase) and gadC (glutamate/GABA antiporter) to increase GABA levels produced by the bacterium (GAD-L. lactis). EAE studies showed that the treatment with GAD-L. lactis and not with a L. lactis control expressing an empty plasmid (P-L. lactis) reduced the severity of the disease. …
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