Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 95 for “"Anterior Cingulate Cortex"”.
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Executive control in the anterior cingulate cortex
… supports the hypothesis that the prefrontal cortex is critical for executive control. One prefrontal subregion, the anterior cingulate cortex has previously been shown to be active in situations involving high conflict, presentation of salient, distracting stimuli, and error processing, i.e. …
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Differential contributions of subregions of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex to negative emotion in the common marmoset
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has been implicated in a broad range of cognitive and emotional functions, including the processing of negative emotion. Furthermore, abnormalities in dACC activity have been associated with anxiety and depression, disorders in which negative emotion is …
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Foundations for Improved Models of Value-Based Decision-Making: Neural Correlates in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and their Implications
… responses of neurons in the dorsal and subgenual anterior cingulate cortices (ACC) of rhesus macaques. Our findings in the dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC) are consistent with its direct involvement in the decision-making process. Moreover, neural responses to value in this region suggest an …
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Selective attention and the visual representation of object attributes in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey
… were made in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) while the monkey performed the task. Neuronal selectivity for matching rule, object attributes, attribute relevance, response choice, and congruency were assessed using multi-factor ANOVAs. …
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Marmoset emotional regulation during adolescence and adulthood, with a particular focus on risk-taking and the role of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in motivation and affective biases
… are complex, and maturation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is prolonged, lasting from childhood into early adulthood. The PFC is responsible for a wide range of higher-order functions including decision-making, reward valuation, and social cognition. In humans, adolescence is the age range in …
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Reinforcement Learning and the Error -Related Negativity: A Computational and Neurophysiological Investigation
… error-processing system associated with anterior cingulate cortex. The existence of the error-processing system has been inferred from the ""Error-Related Negativity,"" a component of the event-related brain potential elicited when human subjects commit errors in reaction-time tasks. It …
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Dissecting emotion : towards a functional neuroimaging probe for affective disorders
… paradigms in the amygdala, ventral prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. We studied healthy individuals? responses to complex emotion paradigms to attempt to distinguish activity in these regions. We hypothesized that the amygdala mediates ?bottom-up? processing driven by emotional …
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Combined Aerobic and Cognitive Training Effects on Complex Brain Networks in Older Adults
… memory tasks. With past research implicating the anterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus in changes associated with training programs in older adults, these were used as focal regions of interest. Of the original 73 participants, a subset of 29 participants were scanned using fMRI and had …
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Anteromedial Thalamus Gates the Selection & Stabilization of Long-Term Memories
… to a distributed cortical network, with the anterior cingulate cortex playing a central role in remote memory retrieval. However, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for coordinating this process. Additionally, the intermediate memory representations in the brain and the circuits …
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The impact of stress on the prefrontal cortex: a view of how socioeconomic status impacts executive function
… brain development especially the prefrontal cortex (PFC) which is a major region supporting executive function. Although the stress regulation mechanism seems valid, the influence of early life stress on the PFC and subsequent executive function outcomes have not been directly tested. The …
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Towards a mechanistic understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychosis
… disorders, which is glutamate levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), as measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In this chapter I aimed to replicate previous results that show differences in glutamate levels in psychosis and health. However, no statistically significant group …
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Molecular and Functional Characterization of Pyramidal Cell Types in the Frontal Cortex of Mouse Brain
<p>Mammalian neocortex is the most complex structure in the brain. Considered the seat of executive function, the neocortex subserves diverse cognitive processes such as decision-making, motor planning, sensory discrimination and memory consolidation. The cellular heterogeneity of the neocortex …
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Anomalies of GABAergic system associated with HIV-1 infection
… regions. Low inhibitory tone in the prefrontal cortex was strongly linked to poor verbal fluency tasking, while in the anterior cingulate cortex it was associated with worse performance in broad spectrum of functional tests. Reduced concentration of GABA synthesizing enzymes in the anterior …
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Performance Monitoring: Error Detection and the Error-Related Negativity in Choice-Related Time Tasks
… suggests that the component is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex. In choice reaction time tasks, the monitoring process compares a representation of the appropriate (correct) response with a representation of the response actually made. The ERN amplitude reflects the degree of mismatch, …
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Primate Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex and the Physiological and Behavioural Dysfunction Characteristic of Mood and Anxiety Disorders
… intrinsic to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is evidenced in both its anatomy and implicated function: vmPFC subregions have roles in positive affect, negative affect and autonomic/endocrine regulation. Whether different subregions serve fundamentally different functions, or …
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The Dissociation of Valence and Intensity Using Alliesthesia and Thermal Stimulation
… valence included the medial orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala, whereas stimulus intensity was correlated with activity in the insula, thalamus and striatum, among others. Our results suggest segregated patterns of neural activity underlying perceptions …
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Neuropsychological and biological mechanisms of checking in OCD and clozapine induced Schizo-OCS
… and NAA in three areas of brain including the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC), Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) and the Visual Cortex. The most important findings were in the ACC, where significantly higher levels of Glu and Gln and lower levels of GABA and GABA:Glu ratio were found in OCD …
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Investigating neuroinflammation in schizophrenia: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and cytokine study
… spectroscopy with voxels located in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left thalamus as well as a chemical-shift imaging 2-dimensional slice. Neurometabolites obtained included glutamatergic metabolites (glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and glutamate plus glutamine (Glx)) and …
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