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Showing 1 to 20 of 64 for “"Anopheles gambiae"”.
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Trifluoromethyl ketones: Potential insecticides towards Anopheles gambiae
… ketones (TFK's) are potent inhibitors of An. gambiae AChE (AgAChE), that inhibit the enzyme by making a covalent adduct with the catalytic serine of the enzyme. However research in the Carlier group has shown that trifluoromethyl ketones bearing benzene and pyrazole cores have shown very …
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Fluoromethyl ketone prodrugs: Potential new insecticides towards Anopheles gambiae
… ketones can potentially inhibit An. gambiae AChE (AgAChE). These compounds inhibit the enzyme by making a covalent adduct with the catalytic serine of AChE. Trifluoromethyl ketones however are poor inhibitors of the G119S resistant mutant of AgAChE. However difluoromethyl ketones can …
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Host-seeking behaviour in the malaria vector Anopheles Gambiae
… cases are the result of transmission by the Anopheles gambiae species complex, causing 600,000 deaths annually. Increasingly, An. gambiae demonstrate behavioural and physiological resistance to control interventions and this, coupled with inadequate sampling methods, necessitates urgent …
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Comparative Analysis of Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex
… diverse genomes. The genome of malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae was first sequenced in 2002 and since then has been updated to include additional scaffolds, their orientations and correction of mis-assemblies. Yet, the greatest challenge remains in assembling the heterochromatin regions, that …
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Investigations into the oviposition behaviour of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae
The Anopheles gambiae species complex includes the most predominant malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa. How they locate oviposition sites is not fully known, but a greater understanding of this subject may lead to more effective monitoring and trapping of gravid females. This project …
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The organization and evolution of heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae complex
The Anopheles gambiae complex is comprised of the most important vectors of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most current control methods involve the use of chemicals that help to limit potential contact with these mosquitoes. However, these control methods still have risks that include insect …
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Chromosome evolution and mechanisms of speciation in the Anopheles gambiae complex
… through the bites of infected females of a few Anopheles mosquito species. Understanding the chromosome evolution and mechanisms of speciation can shed light on developing novel ecological-friendly vector control techniques. Sibling species of the An. gambiae complex provide an excellent model …
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Comparative analysis of Anopheles gambiae L-tyrosine decarboxylase and L-DOPA decarboxylase
… decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase enzymes of Anopheles gambiae were expressed, their substrate specificities and biochemical properties were critically analyzed. My results provide clear biochemical evidence establishing that the mosquito tyrosine decarboxylase functions primarily on the …
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Molecular, Biochemical, and Toxicological Evaluation of Anticholinesterases for control of the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae
… testing of new carbamate insecticides on Anopheles gambiae, the African malaria mosquito. AChE gorge pharmacology data revealed differences between insect and vertebrate AChE that can be exploited in the design of a bivalent insecticide. Toxicokinetic analysis showed that metabolic …
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The Role of PGRP Proteins in Innate Immunity Pathways in the Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae
… pathways in the immune defense of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae, the main vector of human malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The PGRP gene family consists of seven genes with ten PGRP domains. We have shown that from all PGRP genes only PGRPLC has a role in the resistance to bacterial infections of …
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Small Core Heterocyclic Carbamates and Carboxamides: Resistance-breaking Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Targeting the Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae
… type (G3) and resistant (Akron) malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Ag). Isoxazole carboxamide and carbamates were obtained regioselectively through judicious use of two different protocols. The final products were characterized and identified using ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. In …
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Investigating the role of glutathione and glutathione biosynthetic genes in the adaption of Anopheles gambiae to insecticides
… women and children under the age of five. <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> (<i>An</i>. <i>gambiae</i>) is the principal malaria vector in Africa, where vector control measures involve the use of insecticides in the forms of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying …
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Revisiting aryl N-methylcarbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as potential insecticides to combat the malaria-transmitting mosquito, Anopheles gambiae
… to combat the malaria-transmitting mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. We identified six novel carbamates that demonstrated levels of target selectivity exceeding our project milestone of 100-fold. Among the C2-substituted phenylcarbamates examined (class II), 2'-(2- ethylbutoxy)phenyl …
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Evidence for RNA interference as an antiviral immune response to alphavirus infection in the mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti
… the mosquito RNAi pathway were identified in the Anopheles gambiae genome. Genes in the dicer and argonaute gene families were tested for their involvement in the RNAi pathway in An. gambiae cells using a dual-luciferase assay and dsRNA knockdown techniques. These experiments identified the Dcr2, …
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Regulatory mechanisms involved in the control of <i>CYP6M2</i> gene in insecticide resistant <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> (Diptera: culicidae)
… This mechanism is yet to be identified in <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>. Thus, we examine whether there is differential regulation of <i>CYP6M2</i> gene between permethrin resistant Tiassalé and susceptible Kisumu strains of <i>An. gambiae</i>. Bioinformatics analysis was used to search for …
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Enhancing the fight against malaria : from genome to structure and activity of a G-protein coupled receptor from the mosquito, Anopheles Gambiae
G-proton coupled receptors (GPCRs) are excellent drug targets that occupy a central position in the physiology of insects and are involved in transmission of signal from the extracellular to the intracellular side of the cell. Adipokinetic hormone receptors (AKHRs) are GPCRs that mediate …
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Mechanistic Studies on Memory of Chirality Alkylations of 1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones & Structure-based Design of Insecticidal AChE Inhibitors for Malaria Mosquito, Anopheles gambiae
… beings. A major African malaria insect vector, Anopheles gambiae (Ag), was targeted. Based on sequence alignment and homology models of AgAChE, a strategy of dual-site binding was adopted that targets Trp84 in the active site and Cys286 at the peripheral site. Selective AChE inhibitors have been …
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Effects of field and laboratory larval inhabited water physical chemicals and background colour on oviposition site selection by gravid female anopheline mosquitoes in Lusaka province.
… in influencing oviposition behaviour in gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s. KISUMU mosquitoes. Effects of larval pre-inhabited water on oviposition site selection was determined by presenting 30mls of the treatment water in 36mls capacity oviposition cups to groups of 30 gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s., …
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Effects of field and laboratory larval inhabited water physical chemicals and background colour on oviposition site selection by gravid female anopheline mosquitoes in Lusaka province.
… in influencing oviposition behaviour in gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s. KISUMU mosquitoes. Effects of larval pre-inhabited water on oviposition site selection was determined by presenting 30mls of the treatment water in 36mls capacity oviposition cups to groups of 30 gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s., …
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Determination of Allosteric Solvent Effects Between Acetylcholinesterase and Mosquito Selective Carbamates: Implications for High Throughput Screening of Insecticides
Malaria is vectored by the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Ag) in Sub-Saharan Africa and infects approximately 500 million people annually. The increasing prevalence of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes has amplified the need for development of new, selective mosquitocides for use on insecticide-treated …
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