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Showing 1 to 20 of 124 for “"Anaphase"”.
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Regulation of Anaphase Promoting Complex Coactivators
… From late mitosis through early G1, the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) is essential for cell-cycle relevant proteolytic degradation, and its activity is targeted to appropriate substrates by the evolutionarily conserved coactivators Cdc20 and Cdh1. After an initial wave of APC-Cdc20 …
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Possible Roles for Tropomyosin During Anaphase Chromosome Movement
During anaphase, chromosomes move toward the spindle poles by forces transmitted through their kinetochore fibres. The fibres contain microtubules, as well as actin and myosin, which work together to produce the force that moves chromosomes. If tropomyosin functions in the spindle, as it does in …
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Meiosis-specific Regulation of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex
… are triggered by an ubiquitin ligase called the Anaphase-Promoting Complex or Cyclosome (APC/C). APC/C-dependent destruction of securin/Pds1 is required to activate separase, a thiol protease that mediates chromosome segregation by cleavage of the cohesin complex. The first meiotic division is …
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Harnessing the Anaphase-Promoting Complex for Targeted Protein Degradation
… is yet to be explored in the field, namely the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). The APC/C is a vital ubiquitin ligase involved in the destruction of numerous proteins including Securin, Cyclin B1 and Aurora kinase A. Most natural APC/C substrates contain multiple copies of short …
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INSIGHTS INTO SUBSTRATE RECOGNITION BY THE ANAPHASE PROMOTING COMPLEX (APC)
… is executed by an E3 ubiquitin ligase called the anaphase promoting complex (APC). APC adds polyubiquitin chains to numerous substrates, which leads to their subsequent degradation in late mitosis and G1 phase. The selective and timely recognition and degradation of APC substrates is essential for …
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The Mitotic Exit Network detects spindle position and anaphase entry
… of the nucleus into the daughter cell and (2) anaphase onset. These two events only coincide after anaphase chromosome segregation, ensuring that mitosis is complete prior to cytokinesis. The MEN is regulated by spindle position. The MEN GTPase, Tem1, is inhibited as long as the entire spindle …
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Regulation of Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome to Control M Phase Exit
<p>The Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) is a RING E3 ligase that plays essential roles both within and outside of the cell cycle. At the onset of anaphase, the APC/C targets cyclin B and securin for degradation, initiating chromosome separation and mitotic exit. Regulation of APC/C …
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Regulation of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex Examined at the Single Cell Level
… degradation, mediated by ubiquitylation by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC). In this work, I analyzed the regulation of the APC by its activator Cdh1 in budding yeast in single cells. Inactivation of APC-Cdh1 is an important regulatory transition leading to mitotic entry. I developed and …
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Understanding Structural And Functional Mechanisms of Emi1 Inhibition of the Anaphase Promoting Complex
… the cell cycle. A mitotic regulator called the Anaphase Promoting Complex, also called Cyclosome (APC/C), modifies myriad substrates that control cell cycle activities. The APC/C is a ubiquitin ligase complex; it is the final enzyme in a tri-enzyme cascade and catalyzes the final step of Ub …
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Calcium and actin coordinate egg activation and the metaphase-anaphase transition in Drosophila oocytes
Egg activation is the process through which the mature oocyte is prepared for embryogenesis, consisting of key cellular changes including, but not limited to: i) Physical and chemical changes to the oocyte’s outer covering; ii) The release of meiotic arrest, enabling the formation of a haploid …
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The developmental role and regulation of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome in Drosophila meiosis
… driven in part by proteolysis mediated by the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/ Cyclosome (APC/C). During oogenesis of multicellular organisms, molecular control of meiosis has an added complexity because these divisions must be coordinated with the growth and development of the oocyte as well as its …
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A meiosis-specific form of the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome regulates the oocyte-to-embryo transition in Drosophila
… irreversible manner. At the heart of this is the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin ligase. The APC/C targets its substrates for degradation, and thus progresses the cell cycle irreversibly forward. Many substrates of the APC/C have been identified in mitosis, but how …
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Design and development of novel antagonists targeting Cdc20, a central regulator of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome, for the treatment of cancer
… SAC regulator and mitotic protein, binds the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), a complex capable of stipulating protein destruction, regulating its activity and driving cell cycle progression through orderly APC/C substrate degradation. Key oncogenic roles and aberrant expression …
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Regulation and functions of Cdc14 in mitotic exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… phosphatase Cdcl4 regulates many events in anaphase, including the inactivation of CDKs. The activity of Cdcl4 is thought to be restricted to anaphase due to two signaling networks, the Cdc fourteen early anaphase release (FEAR) network and the mitotic exit network (MEN). Although the major …
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Regulation of mitotic exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… pathway, termed the Cdc fourteen early anaphase release (FEAR) network, which regulates the activation of Cdcl4 during early anaphase. I found that at the onset of anaphase, the FEAR network initiates the release of Cdc 14 from its inhibitor. During later stages of anaphase, the MEN …
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REGULATION OF CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION BY CONSERVED PHOSPHATASE CDC14 AND KINASE CDC5
… cleavage of cohesin is required to trigger anaphase onset while the physical segregation of the separated sisters is next driven by spindle activity. However, this scenario appears to be more complicated involving additional factors driving the sister chromatid segregation process (i.e. the …
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The regulation of chromosome segregation by Aurora kinase, protein phosphatase 1 and nucleolar protein UTp7
… Subcellular localization of this complex during anaphase is regulated by the Cdc14 protein phosphatase, which is kept inactive in the nucleolus until anaphase onset. I show here that the predominantly nucleolar ribosome biogenesis protein Utp7 is also present at kinetochores and is required for …
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Mechanisms and Consequences of Chromosomal Instability in Malignant tumours
… this thesis, telomere deficiency with subsequent anaphase bridging was found to be associated with chromosomal instability in established colorectal cancer cell lines and in Wilms tumour. In colorectal cancer cell lines, anaphase bridging was observed to generate both numerical and structural …
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Using Chemical Probes to Examine Cellular Activities
… investigating rapid cellular processes, such as anaphase in cell division, by allowing for the modulation of protein activity over the course of minutes. In addition, resistance to chemical probes by mutation can provide insight into inhibitor binding interactions and may provide morphological …
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