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Showing 1 to 20 of 27 for “"Adrenal cortex"”.
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Investigating the maintenance of the mouse definitive adrenal cortex
The adrenal gland is an important endocrine organ, protecting the body against acute and chronic stress. The adrenal cortex consists of three morphologically and functionally distinct zones: the outer zona glomerulosa (zG), the zona fasciculata (zF), and the innermost zona reticularis (zR). In …
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Study of the androgenic activity of the regenerating adrenal cortex.
The androgenic function of the adrenal cortex has been studied in adult male rats; circulating androgens were assessed through sexual accessory organ weights and zinc 65 uptake by the dorsolateral prostate. Acclimated intact and castrated animals were used as well as animals with regenerating …
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Functional changes in the adrenal cortex of the aging laboratory rat
Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Physiology, 1968
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Long-Term Hypoxia Regulates Cortisol Biosynthesis in the Ovine Fetal Adrenal Cortex
Previous studies demonstrated enhanced fetal adrenal cortisol biosynthesis following exposure to long-term hypoxia (LTH). The studies presented here were designed to determine the mechanism(s) regulating this important adaptive endocrine response. Ewes were maintained at high altitude (3,820 m) …
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Cloning and characterization of organic anion systems in the adrenal cortex and their role in steroid release
The adrenal steroid hormones have a central role in maintaining homeostasis, as they have influence on almost every physiological process. Their movement across the cell membrane is still poorly understood, although this is of great interest to basic biology and medicine. Previous studies have …
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Sympathetic Innervation of the Rat Adrenal Cortex and Its Effects on the Compensatory Adrenal Cortical Growth Response to Unilateral Adrenalectomy (Catecholamine, Endocrine, Splanchnic Nerve, Cell Proliferation)
… techniques were used to demonstrate that rat adrenal cortex is innervated by catecholaminergic nerve fibers which enter the adrenal in arterial plexuses and distribute among zona glomerulosa cells. Ultrastructurally, axonal varicosities containing small (30-60 nm) dense-cored vesicles abut on …
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Význam androgenů adrenálního původu u syndromu polycystických ovarií a hirsutismu
The adrenal cortex is the source of a wide range of steroid hormones. Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and, last but not least, androgens are synthesized here. The most abundant adrenal androgen is dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, whose androgenic potency is not high, but it forms a reservoir in …
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Identifying the mechanism critical for proliferation, apoptosis, and cell-cell interaction in the development of mouse adrenals and gonads
Adrenal, testis, and ovary are steroidogenic organs derived from a common primordium that consists of Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1)-positive precursor cells. SF1 not only defines the steroidogenic lineages in these organs, but also controls their differentiation. In this thesis project, I used …
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The role of basic fibroblast growth factor in the compensatory adrenal growth response
… (bFGF) in the neurally mediated compensatory adrenal growth response. Unilateral adrenalectomy resulted in a 13%, 6% and 22% increase in adrenal weight, protein and DNA content, respectively, and 33-40% increases in the rate of cell proliferation measured by $\sp3\rm H$-thymidine incorporation …
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Assay procedures for dehydroepiandrosterone
… is a 17-ketosteroid which is produced by the adrenal cortex and is excreted in the urine as DHEAsulfate, In diseases of the adrenal cortex, such as adrenal carcinoma or adrenal hyperactivity, the level of DHEA-sulfate in the urine is increased. There are two standard methods currently in use …
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The Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Adrenal Steroid Hormone Secretion
… nerve fibers have been demonstrated in the rat adrenal cortex in close association with zona glomerulosa cells (Holzwarth, 1984). We have studied the effects of VIP on steroid hormone secretion from the outer zones of the normal rat adrenal cortex. Intact capsule-glomerulosa preparations, …
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STUDIES ON THE SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF 3-BETA- HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE IN STEROIDOGENIC CELLS
… in HSD3B lead to disorders such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia and disrupted sexual development. There are several isoforms of HSD3B in mice and humans that show distinct tissue expressions in organs like the adrenal cortex and gonads. However, its subcellular localization that provides the …
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The plasma corticosteroids: their determination and normal variations
The current interest in the secretions of the adrenal cortex is shared by physiologist, physician and pharmacologists alike. such attention is not surprising in the case of a gland which is immediately essential to life, which can produce syndromes as varied as precocious puberty, virilisation; …
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Regulation of Adrenal Steroidogenesis by Interleukin-6
… (ZF) and reticularis (ZR), respectively, of the adrenal cortex. Both steroids are upregulated in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Cortisol is a glucorticoid that is important in the regulation of inflammation and metabolism. DHEA is an adrenal androgen important in fetal growth and …
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Long-Term Hypoxia Alters Ovine Fetal Adrenal eNOS and Cortisol Biosynthesis
… adaptations in the fetal hypothalamopituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis that maintain basal cortisol levels but enhance production in response to a secondary stress. Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the adrenal cortex, plays a significant role in regulating …
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Differential gene expression analysis reveals functional roles of cryptic orange-pigmented organ in the colorless head kidney of Antarctic icefishes
… cells – the teleost homolog of the tetrapod adrenal cortex but are normally dispersed among the teleost head kidney tissue. Transcription of many cytochrome P450 enzymes participating in steroidogenesis were upregulated, potentially leading to greater levels of ROS and peroxidation of the …
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A functional study on novel genes involved in regulating aldosterone secretion in normal human zona glomerulosa and in aldosterone-producing adenomas
… the transcriptome of APAs and their adjacent adrenal glands by microarray assay. RNA was isolated by laser capture microdissection (LCM) from adjacent ZG, ZF and APAs from 14 patients with Conn’s and 7 patients with phaeocromocytoma. Two top hit genes from the comparison of ZG vs ZF were …
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Examination of the Effects of Pinealectomy upon Adrenal Structure in the White Rat
… extirpation at three days and thirty days upon adrenal structure in male and female rats were examined. Animals were either reared in a diurnally lighted (12 : 12) environment or in total darkness; those pinealectomized at three days were sacrificed at either twenty or forty days, while those …
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Epigenetic Regulation of Nuclear Hormone Receptor DAX-1
… in sex reversal, and mutations in NR0B1 cause adrenal hypoplasia congenita. DAX-1 has been observed to act as a corepressor of other nuclear receptors including androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), and steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1). In addition to pluripotent ES cells, DAX-1 is …
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