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Showing 1 to 7 of 7 for “"Addo Elephant National Park South Africa"”.
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Effect of Lion Calls on African Elephants (<i>Loxodonta Africana</i>) in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa
… at the cost of attaining resources. Generally, African elephants (<em>Loxodonta africana</em>) experience little predation pressure; however, the risk of predation by lions (<em>Panthera leo</em>) increases other prey species are less abundant. In elephant herds, related females and their …
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Chemosensory Behavior and Development of African Male Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)
African elephants are a polygynous species that raise offspring in a matriarchal society. Males disperse, spend time in male groups, and search for mates when mature. Urinary chemical signals play an important role in detecting reproductively active females. African male elephants develop movement, …
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Patterns of Chemosensory Behavior in a Closed Population of Wild African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)
… identity, status, or location of conspecifics. Elephants are a long-lived species and males reproduce at a much later age than females, which provides a protracted developmental period for males. This study examined chemosensory behaviors in a population of African elephants living in Addo …
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Effect of Matriarchs on Group Interactions, Kinship Fitness, and Differences In Chemosensory Behavior of African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana)
Female African elephants exhibit multiple levels of social organization with the family as the functional social unit. Families consist of related females and the oldest female is the matriarch. Related family groups that frequently fuse are termed kinship groups, led by the grand matriarch. I …
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Novel Applications of Multivariate Methods for Exploring Personality in African Elephants
<p>Investigators have shown that elephants exhibit consistent individual differences in behavior by rating elephants using personality adjectives. These adjectives, however, are not based on pre-defined measurements of the behaviors performed. Instead, they are based on the observers’ …
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Factors Influencing Travel Order as Proxy for Leadership and Trade-offs in Activity Budgets in Lactating and Nonlactating African Savanna Elephants
… inspection of the surroundings in female African savanna elephants <em>(Loxodonta africana africana)</em>. To quantify activities and behavioral patterns I used focal animal sampling with continuous recording. I determined leadership by the position in a mobile herd, where the first and …