Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"Actomyosin Contractility"”.
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Actomyosin Contractility in Nonmuscle Cells
<p>Forces and stresses generated by the action of myosin minifilaments are analyzed via simulation of their motion in idealized computer-generated random, isotropic actin networks and actin bundles. The networks and bundles are generated as random collections of actin filaments in two dimensions …
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Mechanisms of Actomyosin Contractility in Cells
… the ability of cells to exert contractile force. Contractility is used by cells to divide, to migrate, to heal wounds, and to pump the heart and move limbs. Contractility is mediated by the actin and myosin cytoskeleton, a dynamic and responsive meshwork that assembles into various well-defined …
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CELL GEOMETRIC CONSTRAINTS REGULATE NUCLEAR AND CHROMATIN PLASTICITY VIA ACTOMYOSIN CONTRACTILITY
Extracellular mechanical signals (EMS) can regulate nuclear morphology and chromatin dynamics via the physical link from focal adhesions to chromatin via the cytoskeleton, linker proteins on the nuclear envelope and the nuclear lamina. However, how such force transmission from cytoskeleton to the …
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The role of actomyosin contractility in zebrafish neural tube formation through hollowing.
… hollowing lumen formation. While the role of actomyosin contractility is well understood in primary neurulation, for example through constriction of apical-lateral junctions to mediate neural plate bending, its role in secondary neurulation is less clear. In this thesis, I investigated the …
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The Role of the Discoidin Domain Receptor-1 (DDR1) in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMC) Mechanosensing
… and transmitted through the cytoskeleton by actomyosin contractility. The work presented in this thesis identifies how Discoidin Domain Receptor-1 (DDR1) mediates stiffness sensing and how this influences vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. In the first study, experiments in …
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Characterisation of the expression profile and endothelial function of Rho GTPase RhoJ
… collagen gel contraction, suggesting increased actomyosin contractility. Pharmacological inhibition of ROCK and myosin II, two regulators of actomyosin contractility, restored motility and tube formation after RhoJ knockdown. RhoJ localised to blood vessels of developing mice and in various …
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A Nuclear Mechanoresponse to Morphogenesis Drives Acquisition of Neuroectoderm Lineage Competence During Pluripotent Cell Differentiation
… complex can transduce morphogenesis-associated, actomyosin-generated cellular forces to the nucleus and influence cell state. Nuclear mechanosensitivity can result in changes a cell’s molecular-epigenetic state and regulate gene expression during differentiation, thereby influencing cell fate. …
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Mechanical Regulation of Angiogenesis in a Biomimetic Model
… for successful multicellular invasion. While actomyosin contractility is well studied in single cells on flat surfaces, less is understood about its regulation of collective cell migration, including during angiogenesis whereby endothelial cells from existing vessels invade as multicellular …
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THE ROLE OF NON-MUSCLE MYOSIN IN TENDON AND ATTACHMENT UNIT FORMATION AND MATURATION
… poor clinical outcomes for tendon pathologies. Actomyosin contractility, powered by non-muscle myosin (NM-II), generates contractile forces and transduces signals from applied loads to the nucleus, supporting critical cellular functions such as division, migration, mechanosignaling, and …
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Morphogenetic forces planar polarize LGN/Pins in the embryonic head during Drosophila gastrulation
… through disrupting adherens junctions, actomyosin contractility, laser-induced tissue isolation, and, finally, by disrupting mesoderm invagination. Overall, the results show how mechanical forces are integrated across an embryo to control cell division via a novel mechanism that involves …
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Anillin Stabilizes Membrane-cytoskeleton Interactions During Drosophila Male Germ Cell Cytokinesis
… cell culture models has been shown to restrict actomyosin contractility to the cleavage furrow. Whether anillin also serves this function during the incomplete cytokinesis that occurs in developing germ cells has remained unclear. Localization of anillin to several actin-rich structures in …
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Regulation of Blood Vessel Development via Rho Family GTPase Signaling
… GTPase signaling pathways that converge upon the actomyosin contractility machinery. We find that different pools of NMII, downstream of Rasip1, control two different processes in endothelial cells: 1. NMII mediates the removal of pre-apical membrane adhesions to form a lumen. 2. NMII then …
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Visualization of cellular signaling by fluorescence resonance energy transfer in response to biochemical and mechanical microenvironments
… in particular, distinct roles between active actomyosin contractility and passive cytoskeleton supports. In addition to these Ca2+ signals, I show that agonist-induced PKA activation is regulated by the different magnitude of substrate rigidity, which further reveals to mediate endocytosis of …
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Molecular mechanisms involved in cell response to mechanical forces
… calcium response was also shown to depend on actomyosin contractility and F-actin integrity, probably controlling the membrane stretch-activated channels. The localized nature of the stimulation is one of the most important features of these new designs as it allowed the observation of the …