Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 81 for “"Actin polymerization"”.
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Giant vesicles compressed by actin polymerization
Actin polymerization plays a critical role in generating propulsive force to drive many types of cell motility. The discovery of actin based motility of the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes has lead to clearer understandings of the essential ingredients required for cell motility. The …
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Actin polymerization dynamics at the leading edge
Actin-based cell motility plays crucial role throughout the lifetime of an organism. While the dendritic nucleation model explains the initiation and organization of the actin network in lamellipodia, two questions need to be answered. In this study, I reconstructed cellular motility in vitro to …
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Requirement and regulation of actin polymerization during endocytosis
… involves the formation of a clathrin coat and polymerization of a branched actin network around the endocytic site, which facilitates internalization of the plasma membrane. The assembly of over 50 proteins during this process occurs under a minute with very high precision. However not much is …
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Java-based modeling of the actin polymerization cycle
… a project entitled "A Mechanistic Model of the Actin Cycle" [ 1,2]. This project uses accumulated biochemical research to write a broad mathematical model that describes the effects of regulatory proteins (profilin, beta-thymosin, cofilin, and capping protein) on the steady-state actin cycle. …
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Reexamining actin polymerization in maintaining cadherin mediated cell-cell adhesion
Inhibiting actin polymerization disrupts the cell-cell junction showing that continuous actin polymerization is required for maintaining tissue cohesion. The actin cytoskeleton maintains cell-cell cohesion by converting weak homophilic bonds between the cadherin cell adhesion molecules into strong …
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RhoA and Rac1 prenylation: Effects on serine/threonine signaling for actin polymerization
… located in signaling pathways regulating actin dynamics, it was hypothesized that overexpressing non-geranylgeranylatable RhoA or Rac1 would decrease the actin filament content in neuronal growth cones by altering the location of actin regulating molecules. In particular, it was …
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SINGLE-MOLECULE STUDY OF THE FORCE-INDUCED ACTIN POLYMERIZATION MEDIATED BY FORMIN
… A LARGE NUMBER OF CELLULAR FUNCTIONS VIA ACTIN CYTOSKELETON. TENSILE FORCES HAVE BEEN PREDICTED TO PROMOTE ACTIN POLYMERIZATION VIA BARBED-END FORMIN PROTEINS AS A NOVEL MECHANISM OF MECHANOTRANSDUCTION. HOWEVER, THIS HYPOTHESIS HAS NOT BEEN WELL CONCLUDED DUE TO THE LACK OF SENSITIVE …
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Modulation of TGFβ-Induced PAI -1 Expression by Changes in Actin Polymerization in Human Mesangial Cells
… myofibroblast differentiation (α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and hypertrophy) are associated with an increase in polymeric actin microfilaments (stress fibers). It is likely that other genes are also regulated in an actin cytoskeleton-dependent manner during myofibroblast differentiation. In …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF THE FORMATION OF ENDOCYTIC PATCHES AND THE INITIATION OF ACTIN POLYMERIZATION IN FAST ENDOPHILIN MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
… of endocytic priming patches and the local polymerization of actin, at the leading edge of the plasma membrane. However, the molecular mechanisms of these steps are poorly resolved, and the actin machinery involved in FEME has been elusive. Utilizing a combination of in-cellulo and in-vitro …
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Investigating Mechanical Strain-Induced Phenotypic Changes on Prostate Cancer Cell Toward Metastasis Using a Three-Dimensional <i>In-Vitro</i> Model
… application). The effect of mechanical strain on actin cytoskeletal organization was first investigated using a time lapse study. Following this, a larger data set was collected for further analyze cell elongation and actin polymerization. Finally, the effect of mechanical strain on cell invasive …
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Tetraspanin KAI1/CD82 inhibits cell migration-related cellular events via reorganizing actin network
… cellular events was accompanied by defects in actin cortical network and stress fiber formations. Notably, actin polymerization was attenuated by KAI1/CD82. Although Rac1 activity was diminished upon KAI1/CD82 expression, Rac1 could not rescue lamellipodia formation because Rac1 activity is not …
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Regulation of Myo5p function by phosphorylation
… in endocytosis and in the polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. In vitro, p21-activated kinases (PAKs) can phosphorylate a single serine in the myosin-I head domain, referred to as TEDS site, thereby activating the myosin-I ATPase. This work demonstrates that phosphorylation of the Myo5p TEDS …
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Directed Cell Migration: From Single Cells to Collectively Moving Cell Groups
… elements. I show that mechanical waves of actin polymerization are involved in this guidance–known as contact guidance–as dynamic sensors of surface nanotopography. The dynamics of guided actin waves were measured to build and test predictive models of contact guidance. The …
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NOVEL MECHANISMS IN THE REGULATION OF PERINUCLEAR ACTIN ASSEMBLY
Proper organization and dynamics of actin cytoskeleton are critical for cells? functions and survival. Perinuclear actin contributes to maintaining of nuclear shape and cellular mechanical homeostasis, and integrating cell nucleus into the actin cytoskeleton architecture. Actin dynamics is …
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Ethanol Impairs Mechanisms of Macrophage Phagocytosis and Cytokine Production
… beads demonstrated a 40 and 50% reduction in actin recruitment to the site of the phagosome compared control conditions. Prior to actin polymerization, the phagocytic response requires recruitment of the adhesion molecules paxillin and vinculin, forming a structure we term "phagosomal …
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Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction in neutrophil chemotaxis
… However, the signaling mechanisms that control actin cytoskeleton reorganization and interaction between the cells and the substratum on which cells migrate are still not fully understood. In my first research project, we have identified a signaling pathway, mediated by non-receptor tyrosine …
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The characterization of collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP-1) for Arp2/3 dependent actin structures
The actin cytoskeleton, composed of actin and its binding proteins, drives cell motility, determines cell shape, and is necessary for strong cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. Consistent with its critical function in cell physiology, actin assembly is highly regulated. One of the key factors …
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INTRACELLULAR PATTERN FORMATION OF F-BAR PROTEIN FBP17
… protein that functions upstream of actin polymerization. Travelling waves of FBP17 mechanically depend on plasma membrane and the appropriate curvature of F-BAR is crucial for membrane undulation and wave propagation. My results present a biological system where …
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Regulation and Targeting of Fyn in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
… a rapid (5-60 min.) increase in the cortical F-actin cytoskeleton. Treatment of the HaCaT-Fyn cells with Dasatinib also resulted in upregulation of F-actin. Induced F-actin colocalized with the adherens junction proteins α-catenin, β-catenin and p120catenin in HaCaT-Ras cells, suggesting that …
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