Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 54 for “"Actin filament"”.
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Material properties of actin filament bundles
Actin is an ubiquitous structural protein fundamental to such biological processes as cell motility and muscle contraction. Our model system is the acrosomal process of the Limulus sperm which extends a 60 ýtm long actin bundle during reproduction. It is an example of a biological spring where the …
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The Interaction of Cofilin with the Actin Filament
The regulation of filamentous actin: F-actin) production from the polymerization of globular actin: G-actin) within the cell is critical for many cell functions. Since actin is found in all cells, understanding how actin-binding-proteins: ABPs) bind and how their regulating mechanisms work is not …
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MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ACTIN FILAMENT ASSEMBLY AND TURNOVER
Actin filaments are a universal cytoskeletal factor across the eukaryotic kingdom powering cellular locomotion, endocytosis, mechano-transduction, and many other essential cellular functions. This versatility stems primarily from the myriads of actin binding proteins (ABPs) that bind to and …
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The dynamics and regulation of actin filaments in vascular endothelial cells and in a reconstituted purified protein system
… on the cytoplasmic dynamics and distribution of actin monomer and polymer. Proteins that regulate actin cycling control cellular architecture and movement. One method to measure parameters that characterize actin dynamics is photo activation of fluorescence (PAF), which can simultaneously …
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Actin remodeling in motile cells
… on the dynamics and distributions of cytoplasmic actin. In cells, actin cycles between monomeric and polymeric phases tightly regulated by actin binding proteins that control cellular architecture and movement. Here, we characterize actin remodeling in shear stress stimulated endothelial cells and …
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Engineered Cytoskeletal Arrays Reveal Mechanisms Of Membrane Transport And Tubulation
… membrane-bound cargos along microtubule and actin filament tracks. Typically, there are multiple actin and microtubule motors attached to the same cargo, which must coordinate to navigate a complex cytoskeletal environment and deliver their cargos to specific locations. We used an …
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Processive Acceleration of Actin Barbed End Assembly by N-WASP
Actin-based cell motility plays crucial roles throughout the lifetime of an organism. The dynamic rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton triggers a plethora of cellular processes including cellular migration. Neural Wiskott Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) is involved in transduction of signals …
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Biochemical and Microscopic Characterization of INFT-1: an Inverted Formin in C. elegans
Formins are potent regulators of actin dynamics that can remodel the actin cytoskeleton to control cell shape, cell cytokinesis, and cell morphogenesis. The defining feature of formins is the formin homology 2 (FH2) domain (Paul and Pollard, 2008), which promotes actin filament assembly while …
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The Role of Actin Depolymerizing Factor in Regulating Actin Dynamics in Toxoplasma gondii
… Gliding and invasion are dependent on parasite actin filaments, yet parasite actin is mostly non-filamentous. Filaments have been detected only transiently during gliding, suggesting that parasite actin filaments are rapidly assembled and disassembled during gliding motility. Little is known …
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Genetic and biochemical analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster homolog of the human SCA2 gene
… and tissue morphological changes indicative of actin filament formation defects. Moreover, loss-of-function or overexpression of Datx2 in these same tissues results in alterations in the structural characteristics of actin filaments. Biochemical analysis of Datx2 and ataxin-2 (encoded by SCA2) …
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RhoA and Rac1 prenylation: Effects on serine/threonine signaling for actin polymerization
… located in signaling pathways regulating actin dynamics, it was hypothesized that overexpressing non-geranylgeranylatable RhoA or Rac1 would decrease the actin filament content in neuronal growth cones by altering the location of actin regulating molecules. In particular, it was …
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Role Of Actg2 Mutations In Visceral Myopathy
… CIPO/MMIHS are mutations in gamma smooth muscle actin (actin gamma 2, smooth muscle; ACTG2). Disease-causing ACTG2 mutations result from a single amino acid change in one allele (heterozygous missense mutations), with Arginine 257 to Cysteine (R257C) being the most common mutation. To understand …
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Actin polymerization dynamics at the leading edge
Actin-based cell motility plays crucial role throughout the lifetime of an organism. While the dendritic nucleation model explains the initiation and organization of the actin network in lamellipodia, two questions need to be answered. In this study, I reconstructed cellular motility in vitro to …
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The role of tubulin in ganglioside-induced ramifications in cultured rat brain microglia
… ameboid shapes were blocked by all inhibitors, actin inhitibors and microtubule inhibitor, Ganglioside-induced ramifications were blocked by either paclitaxel or nocodazole, inhibitors of microtubule, but not by cytochalasin B or latrunculin B, which are inhibitors of actin polymerization. In …
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Characterization of Tuba, a novel Ena/VASP ligand, and function of Ena/VASP proteins in mouse development
Regulated actin assembly drives cells movement, adhesion and shape change. The EnaNASP family of proteins controls actin filament elongation and are important regulators of axon guidance and cell motility. In vertebrates, the family consists of Mena (Mammalian Enabled), VASP (Vasodilator Stimulated …
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Actomyosin Contractility in Nonmuscle Cells
… stresses generated by the action of myosin minifilaments are analyzed via simulation of their motion in idealized computer-generated random, isotropic actin networks and actin bundles. The networks and bundles are generated as random collections of actin filaments in two dimensions with …
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Determining alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells of assorted mammals seeded in collagen scaffolds in vitro
… the mechanism is unknown. Alpha-smooth muscle actin ([alpha]-SMA) is the protein responsible for contraction, thus determining if it is present in embryos which heal by regeneration will further our knowledge about the causes of regenerative healing. This thesis experimentally determined the …
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Mechanisms of Actomyosin Contractility in Cells
… and move limbs. Contractility is mediated by the actin and myosin cytoskeleton, a dynamic and responsive meshwork that assembles into various well-defined structures used by the cell to accomplish specific tasks. While muscle contraction is well-characterized, the contraction mechanisms of …
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Transcriptional Regulation of Profilin Is Required For Drosophila Larval Wound Closure
… kinase signaling pathway) and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. In this and other systems, it remains unclear how the signaling pathways that initiate wound closure connect to the actin regulators that help execute wound- induced cell migrations. Here we show that chickadee, which encodes the …
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